HP TACL Istruzioni operative

Tandem Computers Incorporated

System Software Library

TACL

Programming

Guide

Abstract This manual describes the Tandem Advanced Command Language (TACL) and provides information and

examples for creating TACL programs.

Part Number 107365

Edition Second

Published December 1994

Product Version TACL D30

Release ID D30.00

Supported Releases This manual supports D30.00 and all subsequent releases until otherwise indicated in a new edition.

Ordering Information For manual ordering information: domestic U.S. customers, call 1-800-243-6886; international customers, contact your

local sales representative.

Document Disclaimer Information contained in a manual is subject to change without notice. Please check with your authorized Tandem

representative to make sure you have the most recent information.

Export Statement Export of the information contained in this manual may require authorization from the U.S. Department of Commerce.

Examples Examples and sample programs are for illustration only and may not be suited for your particular purpose. Tandem does

not warrant, guarantee, or make any representations regarding the use or the results of the use of any examples or sample

programs in any documentation. You should verify the applicability of any example or sample program before placing the

software into productive use.

U.S. Government

Customers FOR U.S. GOVERNMENT CUSTOMERS REGARDING THIS DOCUMENTATION AND THE ASSOCIATED SOFTWARE:

These notices shall be marked on any reproduction of this data, in whole or in part.

NOTICE: Notwithstanding any other lease or license that may pertain to, or accompany the delivery of, this computer

software, the rights of the Government regarding its use, reproduction and disclosure are as set forth in Section 52.227-19

of the FARS Computer Software-Restricted Rights clause.

RESTRICTED RIGHTS NOTICE: Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to the restrictions as set

forth in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 52.227-7013.

RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND: Use, duplication or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth

in paragraph (b)(3)(B) of the rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause in DAR 7-104.9(a). This computer

software is submitted with “restricted rights.” Use, duplication or disclosure is subject to the restrictions as set forth in

NASA FAR SUP 18-52 227-79 (April 1985) “Commercial Computer Software — Restricted Rights (April 1985).” If the

contract contains the Clause at 18-52 227-74 “Rights in Data General” then the “Alternate III” clause applies.

U.S. Government Users Restricted Rights — Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract.

Document History Edition Part Number Product Version Earliest Supported Release Published

First 085797 TACL C20 N/A November 1992

Update 086700 TACL D10 N/A February 1993

Second 107365 TACL D30 D30.00 December 1994

New editions incorporate any updates issued since the previous edition.

A plus sign (+) after a release ID indicates that this manual describes function added to the base release,

either by an interim product modification (IPM) or by a new product version on a .99 site update tape (SUT).

New and Changed Information

105919 Tandem Computers Incorporated iii

This is the second edition of the TACL Programming Guide . This edition documents

the following new TACL features:

A new built-in function, #SETCONFIGURATION, sets the TACL flags that can

change the behavior of TACL for a specified TACL image or configure the

currently running TACL process.

A new built-in function, #XLOGON, implements the LOGON command.

The LOGON command, #CHANGEUSER built-in function, and #XLOGON built-

in function support the Safeguard authentication dialog.

The STATUS command and #XSTATUS built-in function display new process

type information.

CLASS DEFAULT DEFINEs have eight new optional attributes for

internationalization support.

New and Changed Information

iv 105919 Tandem Computers Incorporated

(This page left intentionally blank)

Contents

107365 Tandem Computers Incorporated v

About This Manual xi

Notation Conventions xv

Section 1 An Overview of TACL

Running the Examples in This Manual 1-1

Style Conventions 1-2

Exceptions to the Style Conventions 1-3

Conventions Specific to This Manual 1-3

Section 2 Developing TACL Programs

Choosing a Type of Variable 2-1

Defining Program Structure 2-2

Using Flow Control Functions 2-2

Nesting TACL Code 2-7

Saving Levels of Variables 2-8

Exiting From Programs 2-9

Processing Character Data 2-9

Line and Character 2-10

Global Editing Commands 2-13

Additional Data Manipulation Capabilities 2-16

Data Types 2-17

Accessing Time Data 2-17

Timestamp Formats 2-17

Retrieving a Timestamp 2-18

Converting a Timestamp 2-19

Accessing Terminals 2-24

Defining Function Keys 2-24

Sending Escape Sequences to a Terminal 2-25

Changing the TACL Prompt 2-29

Implementing Menus 2-30

Debugging TACL Programs 2-32

Enabling the TACL Debugger 2-32

Debugger Commands 2-32

A Sample Debugging Session 2-33

Contents

vi 107365 Tandem Computers Incorporated

Section 3 Developing TACL Routines

Processing Arguments 3-1

How #ARGUMENT Works 3-3

Using #ARGUMENT 3-4

Examining the Contents of Arguments 3-9

Parsing Arguments for a Caller 3-11

Returning Results 3-15

Calling a Routine Recursively 3-16

Exiting From a Routine 3-17

Writing an Exception Handler 3-18

Types of Exception Handlers 3-19

Constructing an Exception Handler 3-19

Creating a Release Exception Handler 3-20

Creating a Keep Exception Handler 3-24

Combining Keep and Release Handlers 3-30

Section 4 Accessing Files

#REQUESTER Operation 4-1

Requesting Waited Reads 4-2

Requesting Nowaited Reads 4-4

Requesting Waited Writes 4-6

Requesting Nowaited Writes 4-8

Copying Records Between Files 4-10

Comparing Files 4-12

Listing a File 4-16

Section 5 Initiating and Communicating With Processes

Initiating a Process 5-2

Using RUN and #NEWPROCESS Options 5-2

Sending Information at Initiation Time 5-3

Communicating With a Process 5-4

Using the INLINE Facility 5-6

Using INV and OUTV 5-14

Using $RECEIVE 5-21

Using #SERVER 5-29

Using Define Process 5-31

Contents

107365 Tandem Computers Incorporated vii

Processing Completion Information 5-32

Processing NetBatch Jobs and Completion Codes 5-32

Monitoring Job Status

ENQUIRY 5-35

Section 6 Running TACL as a Server

Running a TACL Process as a Server 6-1

Starting TACL as a Server Process 6-1

Sending Requests to a TACL Server 6-2

Directing Output From TACL 6-4

Running TACL Code as a Server 6-5

Constructing a TACL Server 6-5

Using TACL as a Pathway Server 6-6

Section 7 Using Programmatic Interfaces

Overview of SPI and EMS 7-1

Using SPI 7-4

Defining an SPI Buffer 7-5

Using SPI Functions 7-9

Using EMS 7-12

Communicating With EMS 7-12

Generating an EMS Event 7-13

Section 8 Example of a System Management Program

Monitoring System Operation 8-1

Section 9 Syntax Summary

TACL Commands and Functions 9-1

Built-In Functions and Variables 9-6

STRUCT Declarations 9-14

#SET Summary 9-15

#DELTA Command Summary 9-16

Appendix A Supplemental Information for D-Series Systems

Glossary Glossary–1

Contents

viii 107365 Tandem Computers Incorporated

Index Index–1

Figures Figure 2-1. Performing Tasks Within a Loop 2-2

Figure 2-2. Performing a Bubble Sort With Nested #LOOP Statements 2-3

Figure 2-3. Deleting Files in a Subvolume 2-5

Figure 2-4. Processing Macro Arguments 2-8

Figure 2-5. Extracting a Volume Name from a Variable 2-12

Figure 2-6. Retrieving Disk Names From DSAP 2-15

Figure 2-7. Relationships Between System Timestamps and TACL

Functions 2-20

Figure 2-8. Relationships Between #FILEINFO Timestamps and TACL

Functions 2-21

Figure 2-9. Computing the Current Day 2-22

Figure 2-10. Converting Timestamps 2-23

Figure 2-11. Sending Special Characters to a Screen 2-25

Figure 2-12. Displaying a Screen of Text 2-27

Figure 2-13. Locking a Terminal 2-28

Figure 2-14. Displaying a Menu 2-30

Figure 2-15. Starting TEDIT From TACL 2-34

Figure 3-1. Processing Arguments 3-5

Figure 3-2. Returning Characters From a Routine 3-9

Figure 3-3. Returning a Set of Characters From a Variable 3-10

Figure 3-4. Searching for Text 3-10

Figure 3-5. Counting Characters in a Variable 3-11

Figure 3-6. Moving Text Between Variables 3-11

Figure 3-7. Assigning Values to Arguments 3-12

Figure 3-8. Sending Arguments to a Parsing Program 3-14

Figure 3-9. Converting Timestamps 3-15

Figure 3-10. Processing Arguments 3-16

Figure 3-11. Processing File Name Arguments 3-17

Figure 3-12. Sample Release Handler Template 3-20

Figure 3-13. Sample Release Handler 3-21

Figure 3-14. Returning Information From a Release Handler 3-22

Figure 3-15. Sample Keep Exception Handler 3-25

Contents

107365 Tandem Computers Incorporated ix

Figure 3-16. Sample Command Shell 3-27

Figure 3-17. Using Nested Keep and Release Handlers (Page 1 of 2) 3-31

Figure 4-1 Performing a Waited Read 4-3

Figure 4-2 Performing a Nowaited Read 4-5

Figure 4-3 Reading From a Terminal and Performing a Waited Write 4-7

Figure 4-4 Reading From a Terminal and Performing a Nowaited

Write 4-9

Figure 4-5 Copying Records From One File to Another File 4-10

Figure 4-6 Comparing Two Files 4-13

Figure 4-7 Listing a File 4-16

Figure 4-8 TACLLIST Output 4-20

Figure 5-1 Communicating With FUP 5-8

Figure 5-2 Building a Script 5-8

Figure 5-3 Retrieving Output from FUP 5-10

Figure 5-4 Omitting Terminal Output 5-11

Figure 5-5 Deleting PERUSE Jobs 5-12

Figure 5-6 Retrieving the TACL IN File Name 5-15

Figure 5-7 Communicating With FUP Using INV and OUTV 5-17

Figure 5-8 Directing FUP Output to a Log File 5-18

Figure 5-9 Displaying PERUSE Jobs 5-19

Figure 5-10 Sending Messages to a Terminal 5-22

Figure 5-11 Creating CMON Messages 5-25

Figure 5-12 Communicating With FUP Using #SERVER 5-30

Figure 5-13 Checking Completion Codes 5-33

Figure 5-14 Retrieving TACL Output 5-36

Figure 6-1 Starting and Sending Requests to a TACL Server 6-2

Figure 6-2 Running a TACL Program as a Server 6-7

Figure 6-3 Screen COBOL Code That Accesses a TACL Server 6-9

Figure 6-4 Configuring the Pathway Environment 6-11

Figure 7-1 Comparing Two Subsystem IDs 7-9

Figure 7-2 Displaying the EMS Log 7-10

Figure 7-3 Generating an EMS Event 7-13

Figure 8-1 Monitoring System Status 8-2

Contents

x107365 Tandem Computers Incorporated

Tables Table 2-1. Built-In Functions That Edit Variables by Line 2-10

Table 2-2. Global Editing Commands 2-13

Table 2-3. Data Manipulation Functions 2-16

Table 2-4. Timestamp Conversion Functions 2-19

Table 2-5. _DEBUGGER Command Syntax 2-32

Table 3-1. Functions That Support Arguments 3-3

Table 3-2. Functions That Support Exception Handlers 3-19

Table 3-3. Differences Between Keep and Release Exception

Handlers 3-20

Table 4-1 Functions Used With #REQUESTER 4-2

Table 5-1 RUN and #NEWPROCESS Communication Options 5-2

Table 5-2 INLINE Commands and Variables 5-6

Table 5-3 Variables and Commands for INLINE Display 5-9

Table 5-4 Functions and Options Used With INV and OUTV 5-15

Table 5-5 Functions to Use With $RECEIVE 5-21

Table 6-1 Functions That Support Interprocess Communication 6-2

Table 7-1 TACL Functions That Support SPI 7-4

Table 7-2 SPI Token Data Types 7-6

Table 7-3 Functions That Support EMS 7-12

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