HP 6200YL Manuale utente

6200yl

Multicast and Routing Guide

5400zl

3500yl

ProCurve Switches

K.11.XX

www.procurve.com

ProCurve

Series 5400zl Switches

Series 3500yl Switches

6200yl Switch

January 2006

K.11.xx

Multicast and Routing Guide

L.P.The information contained herein is subject to change with-

This document contains proprietary information, which is

protected by copyright. No part of this document may be

photocopied, reproduced, or translated into another

language without the prior written consent of Hewlett-

Packard.

Publication Number

5991-4692

January 2006

Applicable Products

ProCurve Switch 5406zl (J8697A)

ProCurve Switch 5412zl (J8698A)

ProCurve Switch 3500yl-24G-PWR Intelligent Edge (J8692A)

ProCurve Switch 3500yl-48G-PWR Intelligent Edge (J8693A)

ProCurve Switch 6200yl-24G (J8992A)

Trademark Credits

Microsoft, Windows, and Microsoft Windows NT are US

registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.

Disclaimer

The information contained inthis document is subject to

change without notice.

HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY MAKES NO WARRANTY

OF ANY KIND WITH REGARD TO THIS MATERIAL,

INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED

WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS

FORA PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Hewlett-Packard shall not

be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or

consequential damages in connection with the furnishing,

performance, or use of this material.

The only warrantiesfor HP products and services are set

forth in the express warranty statements accompanying

such products and services. Nothing herein should be

construed as constituting an additional warranty. HP shall

not be liable for technical or editorial errorsor omissions

contained herein.

Hewlett-Packard assumes no responsibility for the use or

reliability of its software on equipment that is not furnished

by Hewlett-Packard.

Warranty

See the Customer Support/Warranty booklet included with

the product.

A copy of the specific warranty terms applicable to your

Hewlett-Packard products and replacement parts can be

obtained from your HP Sales and Service Office or

authorized dealer.

Hewlett-Packard Company

8000 Foothills Boulevard, m/s 5551

Roseville,California 95747-5551

http://www.procurve.com

Contents

Product Documentation

About Your Switch Manual Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii

Feature Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv

1 Getting Started

Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

Feature Descriptions by Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

Command Syntax Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

Command Prompts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

Screen Simulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

Port Identity Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

Configuration and Operation Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

Sources for More Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5

Getting Documentation From the Web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7

Online Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7

Need Onlya Quick Start? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8

IP Addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8

To Set Up and Install the Switch in Your Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9

Physical Installation . . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9

Premium Edge Switch Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9

iii

Contents

2 Multimedia Traffic Control with IP

Multicast (IGMP)

Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

IGMP General Operation and Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3

IGMP Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

IGMP Operating Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

Basic Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

Enhancements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5

Number ofIP Multicast Addresses Allowed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

CLI: Configuring and Displaying IGMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6

How IGMP Operates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11

Operation With or Without IP Addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12

Automatic Fast-Leave IGMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13

Forced Fast-Leave IGMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16

Configuring Delayed Group Flush . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17

Using the Switch as Querier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18

Excluding Well-Known or Reserved Multicast Addresses from

IP Multicast Filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19

3 PIM-DM (Dense Mode)

Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

Feature Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

PIM-DM Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

Multicast Flow Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7

General Configuration Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

PIM-DM Operating Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10

Contents

Configuring PIM-DM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11

Global and PIM Configuration Contexts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12

PIM VLAN (Interface) Configuration Context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15

DisplayingPIM Data and Configuration Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22

Displaying PIM Route Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23

Displaying PIM Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-28

Operating Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-35

Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-37

Messages Related to PIM Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-38

Applicable RFCs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-41

Exceptions toSupport for RFC 2932 - Multicast Routing MIB . . 3-42

4 PIM-SM (Sparse Mode)

Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

Feature Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5

Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6

PIM-SM OperationandRouter Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

PIM-SM Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

Rendezvous-Point Tree (RPT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9

Shortest-Path Tree (SPT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10

Restricting Multicast Traffic to Rendezvous-Point

Trees (RPTs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11

Maintaining an Active Route for Multicast Group Members . . . 4-11

Border Routers and Multiple PIM-SM Domains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12

PIM-SM Router Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12

Designated Router (DR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12

Bootstrap Router (BSR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13

Rendezvous Point (RP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14

StaticRendezvous Point (Static-RP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-17

Operating Rules and Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-19

Contents

Configuration Steps for PIM-SM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-20

Planning Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-20

Per-Router Global Configuration Context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-20

Per-VLAN PIM-SM Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-21

Router PIM Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-23

Configuring PIM-SM on the Router . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-25

Global Configuration Context for Supporting PIM-SM . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26

Global Configuration Context Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26

Example of Configuring for PIM Support at the GlobalLevel . . 4-27

VLAN Context Commands for Configuring PIM-SM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-28

Enabling or Disabling IGMP in a VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-28

Enabling or Disabling PIM-SM Per-VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-29

Changingthe Interval for PIM-SM Neighbor Notification . . . . . 4-30

Changing the Randomized Delay Setting for

PIM-SM Neighbor Notification . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-31

Changing the PIM-SM Neighbor Timeout Interval . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-31

Enabling or Disabling LAN Prune Delay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-32

Changing the LAN-Prune-Delay Interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-33

Changing the DR (Designated Router) Priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-33

Example of Configuring PIM-SM Support in a VLAN Context . . 4-34

Router PIM ContextCommands for Configuring PIM-SM Operation 4-35

Configuring a BSR Candidate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-35

Configuring Candidate-RPs on PIM-SM Routers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-37

Enabling, Disabling, or Changing RouterPIM

Notification Traps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-41

Changing the Global Join-Prune Interval on the Router . . . . . . . 4-42

Changing the Shortest-Path Tree (SPT) Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-42

Statically Configuring an RP To Accept Multicast Traffic . . . . . . . . . 4-42

Example of Configuring PIM-SM Support in the

Router PIM Context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-43

Displaying PIM-SM Data and Configuration Settings. . . . . . . . . . . 4-46

Displaying Multicast Route Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-47

Listing Basic Route Data for Active Multicast Groups . . . . . . . . 4-47

Listing Data for an ActiveMulticast Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-48

Listing All VLANs Having Currently Active PIM Flows . . . . . . . . 4-50

Contents

DisplayingPIM-Specific Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-51

Displaying the Current PIM status and Global Configuration . . 4-51

Displaying Current PIM Entries Existing In the Multicast

Routing Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-52

Displaying a SpecificPIM Entry Stored in the Multicast

Routing Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-53

Listing Currently Configured PIM Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-55

Displaying IP PIM VLAN Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-55

Displaying PIM Neighbor Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-57

Displaying BSR Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-59

Displaying BSR Status and Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-59

Listing Non-Default BSR Configuration Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-60

Displaying the Current RP Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-61

Displaying Candidate-RP Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-63

Displaying the Router’s Candidate-RP Status

and Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-63

Listing Non-Default C-RP Configuration Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-64

Operating Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-65

Event Log Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-66

5 IP Routing Features

Overview of IP Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3

IP Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4

IP Tables and Caches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4

ARP Cache Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5

IP Route Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5

IP Forwarding Cache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6

IP Route Exchange Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7

IP Global Parameters for Routing Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7

IP Interface Parameters for Routing Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9

vii

Contents

Configuring IP Parameters for Routing Switches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10

Configuring IP Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10

Changing the Router ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10

Configuring ARP Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-11

How ARP Works . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-11

Enabling Proxy ARP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13

Configuring Forwarding Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13

Changing the TTL Threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14

Enabling Forwarding of Directed Broadcasts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14

Configuring ICMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15

Disabling ICMP Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15

Disabling Replies to Broadcast Ping Requests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15

Disabling ICMP Destination Unreachable Messages . . . . . . . . . . 5-16

Disabling ICMP Redirects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17

Configuring Static IP Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17

Static Route Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17

Other Sources of Routes in the Routing Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18

Static IP Route Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18

Static Route States Follow VLAN States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19

Configuring a Static IP Route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19

Displaying Static Route Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21

Configuring the Default Route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21

Configuring RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22

Overview of RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22

RIP Parameters and Defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23

RIP Global Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23

RIP Interface Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23

Configuring RIP Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24

Enabling RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24

Enabling IP RIP on a VLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-25

Changing the RIP Type on a VLAN Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-25

Changing the Cost of Routes Learned on a VLAN Interface . . . . 5-25

Configuring RIP Redistribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-26

Define RIP Redistribution Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-26

Modify DefaultMetric for Redistribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-27

viii

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