Keithley 2001 Manuale utente
Model 2001 Multimeter
Quick Reference Guide
Model 2001 Multimeter
Quick Reference Guide
1992, Keithley Instruments, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Cleveland, Ohio 44139
U.S.A.
Document Number: 2001-903-01 Rev. B
Table of Contents
Safety Precautions.......................................................1
Introduction ................................................................ 5
Operation Summary....................................................6
Multiple Displays.......................................................11
Menu Structures........................................................13
Default Conditions....................................................32
Error and Status Messages .........................................48
IEEE-488.2 Common Commands and Queries...........56
SCPI Command Subsystems ...................................... 58
1
Safety Precautions
The following safety precautions should be observed before
using this product and any associated instrumentation. Al-
though some instruments and accessories would normally be
used with non-hazardous voltages, there are situations where
hazardous conditions may be present.
This product is intended for use by qualified personnel who
recognize shock hazards and are familiar with the safety pre-
cautions required to avoid possible injury. Read the operating
information carefully before using the product.
The types of product users are:
Responsible body
is the individual or group responsible for
the use and maintenance of equipment, for ensuring that the
equipment is operated within its specifications and operating
limits, and for ensuring that operators are adequately trained.
Operators
use the product for its intended function. They
must be trained in electrical safety procedures and proper use
of the instrument. They must be protected from electric shock
and contact with hazardous live circuits.
Maintenance personnel
perform routine procedures on the
product to keep it operating, for example, setting the line volt-
age or replacing consumable materials. Maintenance proce-
dures are described in the manual. The procedures explicitly
state if the operator may perform them. Otherwise, they
should be performed only by service personnel.
Servicepersonnel
are trained to work on live circuits, and per-
form safe installations and repairs of products. Only properly
trained service personnel may perform installation and service
procedures.
Exercise extreme caution when a shock hazard is present. Le-
thal voltage may be present on cable connector jacks or test
fixtures. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
2
states that a shock hazard exists when voltage levels greater
than 30V RMS, 42.4V peak, or 60VDC are present.
A good
safety practice is to expect that hazardous voltage is
present in any unknown circuit before measuring.
Users of this product must be protected from electric shock at
all times. The responsible body must ensure that users are pre-
vented access and/or insulated from every connection point. In
some cases, connections must be exposed to potential human
contact. Product users in these circumstances must be trained
to protect themselves from the risk of electric shock. If the cir-
cuit is capable of operating at or above 1000 volts,
noconduc-
tive part of the circuit may be exposed.
As described in the International Electrotechnical Commis-
sion (IEC) Standard IEC 664, digital multimeter measuring
circuits (e.g., Keithley Models 175A, 199, 2000, 2001, 2002,
and 2010) are Installation Category II.All other instruments’
signal terminals are Installation Category I and must not be
connected to mains.
Do not connect switching cards directly to unlimited power
circuits. They are intended to be used with impedance limited
sources. NEVER connect switching cards directly to AC
mains. When connecting sources to switching cards, install
protective devices to limit fault current and voltage to the card.
Before operating an instrument, make sure the line cord is
connected to a properly grounded power receptacle. Inspect
the connecting cables, test leads, and jumpers for possible
wear, cracks, or breaks before each use.
For maximum safety, do not touch the product, test cables, or
any other instruments while power is applied to the circuit
under test. ALWAYS remove power from the entire test sys-
tem and discharge any capacitors before: connecting or dis-
connecting cables or jumpers, installing or removing
switching cards, or making internal changes, such as install-
ing or removing jumpers.
3
Donot touchanyobject thatcould provide a currentpath tothe
common side of the circuit under test or power line (earth)
ground. Always make measurements with dry hands while
standing on a dry, insulated surface capable of withstanding
the voltage being measured.
The instrument and accessories must be used in accordance
with its specifications and operating instructions or the safety
of the equipment may be impaired.
Do not exceed the maximum signal levels of the instruments
and accessories, as defined in the specifications and operating
information, and as shown on the instrument or test fixture
panels, or switching card.
When fuses are used in a product, replace with same type and
rating for continued protection against fire hazard.
Chassisconnections must onlybeused asshieldconnections for
measuring circuits, NOT as safety earth ground connections.
If you are using a test fixture, keep the lid closed while power
is applied to the device under test. Safe operation requires the
use of a lid interlock.
If a screw is present, connect it to safety earth ground us-
ing the wire recommended in the user documentation.
The symbol on an instrument indicates that the user
should refer to the operating instructions located in the manual.
The symbol on an instrument shows that it can source or
measure 1000 volts or more, including the combined effect of
normal and common mode voltages. Use standard safety pre-
cautions to avoid personal contact with these voltages.
The
WARNING
heading in a manual explains dangers that
might result in personal injury or death.Always read the asso-
ciated information very carefully before performing the indi-
cated procedure.
!
4
The
CAUTION
heading in a manual explains hazards that
could damage the instrument. Such damage may invalidate the
warranty.
Instrumentation and accessories shall not be connected to hu-
mans.
Before performing any maintenance, disconnect the line cord
and all test cables.
To maintain protection from electric shock and fire, replace-
ment components in mains circuits, including the power trans-
former, test leads, and input jacks, must be purchased from
Keithley Instruments. Standard fuses, with applicable national
safety approvals, may be used if the rating and type are the
same. Other components that are not safety related may be
purchased from other suppliers as long as they are equivalent
to the original component. (Note that selected parts should be
purchased only through Keithley Instruments to maintain ac-
curacy and functionality of the product.) If you are unsure
about the applicability of a replacement component, call a
Keithley Instruments office for information.
To clean an instrument, use a damp cloth or mild, water
based cleaner. Clean the exterior of the instrument only. Do
not apply cleaner directly to the instrument or allow liquids
to enter or spill on the instrument. Products that consist of a
circuit board with no case or chassis (e.g., data acquisition
board for installation into a computer) should never require
cleaning if handled according to instructions. If the board be-
comes contaminated and operation is affected, the board
should be returned to the factory for proper cleaning/servic-
ing.
2/99
5
Introduction
This quick reference guide includes summary informa-
tion on front panel and IEEE-488 operation for the
Model 2001 Multimeter. For detailed information, con-
sult the Model 2001 Operator’s Manual, the Model
2001 Calibration Manual, and the Model 2001-SCAN
Scanner Card Instruction Manual.
All Keithley product names are trademarks or registered trade-
marks of Keithley Instruments, Inc.
Other brand and product names are trademarks or registered
trademarks of their respective holders.
6
Operation Summary
Default Configuration
The Model 2001 can save from one to ten user setups in
memory, depending on the installed memory option.
You can select one of the user setups as the power-on
default, or have the instrument power up to either of the
two factory defaults (optimized for “BENCH” or “GPIB”
operation). Reset the instrument to “BENCH” defaults
from the front panel by performing the following steps:
1. Press the MENU key to display the main menu:
MAIN MENU
SAVESETUP GPIB CALIBRATION
TEST LIMITS STATUS-MSG GENERAL
2. If the SAVESETUP option is not blinking, press the
key until it is blinking and then press ENTER to
view the setup menu:
SETUP MENU
SAVE RESTORE POWERON RESET
3. Select the RESET option and press ENTER to view
the reset menu:
RESET ORIGINAL DFLTS
BENCH GPIB
4. Select the BENCH option and press ENTER. The
following message is displayed:
RESETTING INSTRUMENT
ENTER to conÞrm; EXIT to abort
5. Press ENTER to confirm. The display will show DC
voltage readings with autorange enabled.
7
Assuming the Model 2001 is set to primary address 16,
the instrument can be reset and the reading displayed
on the computer CRT from the IEEE-488 bus with the
following code fragment:
100 OUTPUT 716;“:syst:pres”
110 OUTPUT 716;“:fetc?”
120 ENTER 716;A$
130 PRINT A$
Instrument Connections
Each measurement function has an appropriate connec-
tion scheme. Connections for all functions can be found
in Section 3 of the Model 2001 Operator’s Manual. The
following steps summarize making DC voltage mea-
surements with the Model 2001:
1. Select the front input jacks with the INPUTS button
(outer position for front jacks, inner position for
rear).
2. Using the set of supplied test leads, connect the
Model 2001 to a DC voltage source (e.g., a battery)
as shown in Figure 1.
3. Use the RANGE keys to select autoranging or a
manual range. Pressing the AUTO range key tog-
gles autoranging. You can select a different range
with the RANGE and RANGE keys. The fol-
lowing code statement enables autoranging on the
DCV function:
100 OUTPUT 716;“:volt:dc:rang:auto on”
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