Quasar 3140 Manuale utente

QUASAR CODES 3140 - DTMF Telephone Relay Switcher

General Guidelines for Electronic Kits and Assembled Modules

Thank you for choosing one of our products. Please take some time to carefully read the important

information below concerning use of this product. The assembly and operating instructions are on the

following pages.

WEEE Directive (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment)

Notice To All European Union Citizens. Important environmental information

about this product.

The crossed out wheeled bin symbol on this product,package or documentation

indicates that disposal of this product after its lifecycle could harm the environment.

Do not dispose of this product (or batteries if used) as unsorted municipal waste. It

should be disposed by a specialized company for recycling.

The unit should be returned to your distributor or to a local recycling service. Please

respect the local environmental rules. If in doubt contact your local authorities about waste disposal rules.

Safety: General rules concerning safe use of our Kits or Modules.

To ensure your safety, please observe these safety measures. In no way are these complete. As

safety requirements vary, please check with your local authorities, in order to comply with local

requirements. If in doubt, seek the help of a qualified person.

Battery or wall-adaptor operated devices are safe devices. They do not require special attention

unless mains voltage is connected to an output e.g. a relay.

To ensure electrical safety, and also protection from fire or personal injury, make sure your

mains operated equipment complies with these safety hints:

•Use a suitable plastic enclosure. If a metal enclosure is used, make sure it is properly earthed.

•Use a power switch if the device consumes more than 10W. Use a double pole switch for mains

operated, transformer-less kits.

•Mount a fuse in series with the mains switch. Use a slow blow (T) 50mA fuse for transformers up

to 10W and a 100mA fuse for transformers up to 20W.

•Use a mains input connector, or a robust power cord with a clamp.

•Internal wiring carrying mains voltages must have a minimum cross-sectional area of 0.5mm2.

If supplied, attach the power rating label near the power cord of the device and fill-out the mains voltage,

frequency, power consumption and fuse values.

Troubleshooting and Support

90% of non working kits are due to poor soldering.

We operate a Get-You-Going service for non-working kits but there is a charge based on the time and

components needed to complete the repair. Quite often it is not economically viable for us to repair and it

is cheaper to supply a new ready made product at full cost.

Disclaimer

Quasar Electronics reserves the right to change product specifications or to discontinue products without

notice. Quasar Electronics cannot be held responsible for any loss or damage, direct or indirect, which

might occur from the use of a product. Quasar Electronics Kits or Modules are intended for educational

and demonstration purposes only. They are not intended for use in commercial applications. If they are

used in such applications the purchaser assumes all responsibility for ensuring compliance with all local

laws. In addition, they are not suitable for use as or as a part of life support systems, or systems that might

create a hazardous situation of any kind.

QUASAR CODES 3140 - DTMF Telephone Relay Switcher

Page 2

This device connects to the telephone line and can be

used to remotely control up to 4 relay outputs using a

DTMF (tone dialing) telephone. A number of user

settings are available to improve the useability and

security of the device. The unit comes complete with

a small plastic case withsilk-screened front and rear

panels. NB This unit is not PABX compatible!

The unit is controlled by an Atmel 89C2051

microcontroller. Source code is not available.

** WARNING! The maximum connection voltage is

48Vac unless the screw terminal block connectors are

insulated to prevent exposure to hazardous voltages.

FEATURES

Ouputs Relaysx 4

Output rating 5 Amps @ 240Vac** / 24Vdc max.

Operating voltage 12-15Vdc centre positive (regulated)

Operating current 30mA with no relays operated

120mA with all relays operated

Connections 1. 2.5mm DC power jack

2. RJ-11 for telephone line

3. 4 x 3-way pluggable screw

terminals for relay contacts

Case size 13cm (W) x 10cm (D) x 3cm (H)

(6.1” x 4” x 1.3”)

User Settings

(see text)

1. Password

2. Tamper

3. Rings to answer

4. Auto hangup time

5. Lockout

CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION

We will not review the operation of how telephone

lines work or the detailed operation of the various ICs

used. See the ‘References’ section for Web links where

you can get this information.

The brains of the switcher is the Atmel AT89C2051

microcontroller, IC4. Incoming ring is detected via C4,

R7 and the opto-coupler IC2 and connected to pin 6 of

the microcontroller. This pin also has the ‘Password

Reset’ switch connected to it (more on this later).

The incoming call is answered by connecting the

circuit based around Q1 and Q2 (an electronic holding

coil) to the line via IC1, a bi-directional opto-isolator.

This circuit has a low DC resistance but a high AC

impedance which is required by telephone circuits

when the line is looped. The RC network consisting of

R4, R5 and C3 is used to provide impedance matching

to the telephone line. The metal oxide varistor

protects the switcher from telephone line transients.

The configuration and valuesused here are optimised

for use with most phone systems thoughout the world

without any need for customisation. They can be

changed by the end-user to meet specific needs if desired

e.g. to meet local approval standards.

DTMF detection and decoding is provided by IC3.

This chip, an 8870, is a complete DTMF receiver

which is able to detect and decode all 16 DTMF tone

pairs into a 4-bit code. When a valid DTMF digit is

detected the 4-bit code is placed on pins 11-14 and a

‘data avaliable’ output, pin 15, is set to a logic high.

The output relays, RL1-4, are controlled via the relay

driver IC6. One output from the relay driver (pin 14) is

used to output a 800Hz software generated tone into the

telephone line via the impedance matching network. This

tone is used to signal the user when commands have

been completed or of any command errors.

User settings are stored in IC5, a 24C01 EEPROM. The

microcontroller ‘talks’ to this device using a 2-wire I2C

bus via pins 18 and 19.

IC7 provides two functions – a regulated 5V power

supply output and detecting when the phone line is

‘looped’ (in use). Thischip isa MaximMAX666 low

power programmable voltage regulator with on-chip

low-battery detection, mainly intended for use in battery

powered equipment. The regulator output voltage is set

via the ‘VSET’ input (pin 6). By tying this pin to ground

the output is fixed at 5 volts. We have used the low-

battery input to monitor the state of the phone line.

An idle (not in use) phone line normally has about

50VDC across its pair of wires. This voltage drops to

less than 20V when the line is in use. The MAX666 Low

Battery Input (LBI, pin 3) is one side of a simple voltage

comparator which compares this input to an internal

1.30V reference voltage. When the voltage at the LBI

input falls below the reference voltage then the Low

Battery Output (LBO, pin 7) willgo LOW.

The phone line is connected to the comparator input via

the diode bridge B2 and resistors R15 and R16. The

diode bridge makes sure that the voltage polarity

connected to LBI is the same regardless of which way

around the phone wires are connected. The resistors form

a voltage divider which is used to set the ‘low battery’

threshold at LBI. For thevaluesused the LBO output

will go LOW whenthe phone line voltage drops below 25

volts, indicating that the line is in use (looped).

PCB ASSEMBLY (AS3140 users can skip to page 2)

First check the components supplied in the kit against the

component listing. Identifyall the components. It is

generally best to solder the lowest height components

first: the resistors, diodes & IC sockets. Leave the

connectors and relays until last.

Note that two components, resistor R14 and capacitor

C11, are mounted inside the IC sockets for IC3 and IC4

respectively. This is no problem – just fit these

components before the IC sockets.

Make sure to get the diodes and electrolytic capacitors

the correct way around. Match up the bar on the diodes

with the bar on the overlay. The negative lead of

electrolytic capacitors is marked by a ‘stripe’ whereas

the PCB overlay indicates the hole for the positive lead.

QUASAR CODES 3140 - DTMF Telephone Relay Switcher

Page 3

When fitting the MJE340 transistor, Q1, check the

PCB overlay first. The thick ‘line’ on the PCB

indicates the back of the transistor which may have a

metal surface. If not then use the markings on the

transistor – they indicate the front of the transistor.

Make sure the power jack is facing straight out, not

skew. We have made the front panel hole 0.320” which

will tolerate some shewness.

When mounting the connectors make sure they are

sitting right down on the PCB before soldering.

Do not insert any ICs yet!

We are now going to fit the assembled PCB into the

plastic case. Before that check all your work carefully.

Look for unsoldered joints and any solder bridges or

splashes that may be shorting out adjacent pins.

Now comes assembly of the front panel. Start by

inserting the LED clip into the hole, pushing it in from

the front. Now insert the LED into the clip from the

rear. The LED should “click” into place.

Turn the LED in the clip so that the long lead is to the

right (as viewed from the front). This is very

important so make sure it is right. Now bend the

leads down at right angles, about 3mm from the LED

body, as shown below. Use a pair of long nose pliers to

hold the leads while bending. Cut the leads off to a

length of about 9mm from the bend.

Fit the front and rear panels to the PCB. Be sure that

the LED leads are inserted into their matching holes on

the PCB. While holding the panels in place slowly

position the PCB into the base of the plastic case,

making sure that the front and rear panels slide into the

slots provided. Secure the PCB to the case using the

self-tapping screws then solder the LED leads from

the top of the PCB.

Do not fit the plastic case lid just yet. Proceed to the

next section ‘PRE-TESTING’. Now fit the plastic case

lid and secure it in place.

For 2 photos of the completed kit see

http://www.quasarelectronics.com/jpg/3140_1.jpg

http://www.quasarelectronics..com/jpg/3140_2.jpg

PRE-TESTING

Insert IC7 (MAX666) and connect a 12-15Vdc power

supply to the DC input jack. Use a multimeter to check

the 5V supply. Easiest place to measure this is across

pins 20 (+) and 10 (-) of the IC4 socket. If all is well

then remove power and insert the rest of the ICs into

their sockets. Check that the IC legs are actually inserted

into the socket and not accidently bent up underneath

the IC body (quite a common fault).

USING THE UNIT FOR THE FIRST TIME

Before you can use the unit for the first time the various

user settings must be set to their ‘default’ values. To do

this, press AND hold the 'Password Reset' button

whilepowering up the kit. Hold the button down for

a further 2 seconds before releasing it. This procedure

is also used you user forget the password.

The default value for each setting is:

Password ................. 0000

Tamper .................... 3

Rings to answer ....... 3

Auto hangup ............ 30 seconds

Lockout ................... Disabled

Each of these settings can be changed by the user to suit.

CONNJECTION AND OPERATION

Protect unit from power surge & lightening strike damage.

Connect the unit to the phone line using a suitable cable (and

filter if the line has broadband). Only the two inner pins of the

RJ-11 plug are used. Some cables do not – check before using!

Connect a 12-15Vdc centre positive REGULATED power supply.

On first use please follow the procedure described previouslyto

set the user settingsto their default values. The unit is nowready

for incomingcalls.

Dial the phone number to which the kit is connected.

After 3 rings it will answer with 4 short beeps. Type in

the password (0000) followed by the '#' key. If the

password is correct the kit will respond with 4 short

beeps. It is now waiting for a command.

COMMANDS

A command is a string of characters starting with *

or # and ending with a #.

Entering a * at any timeafter the first character aborts

and starts again.

1. *<1-4># - operate one of the four relays 1,2 3 or 4.

2. #<1-4># - release one of the four relays 1,2,3 or 4.

3. *5# - set password

4. *6# - set tamper setting

5. *7# - set number of rings to answer

6. *8# - set auto hangup time

7. *9# - set lockout time

8. *0# - forced disconnect

9. #0# - release ALL relays

QUASAR CODES 3140 - DTMF Telephone Relay Switcher

Page 4

Commands 3-7 require additional data. After the

command is entered the unit will issue a single, short

beep as a prompt for the data. Enter the required data

followed by # to finish. A description of the data to be

entered is given in the section “USER SETTINGS”.

WHAT DO THE BEEPS MEAN?

The beeps are used to acknowledge commands, prompt

for more data or indicate errors.

• 4 short beeps - valid command entered.

• 2 short beeps - command aborted by user

• 1 short beep - more data required

• 1 long beep - command error

• 3 long beeps - disconnecting (hanging up)

A "forced disconnect" command will cause 3 long

beeps to be sent back to the user before the switcher

hangs up.

USER SETTINGS

These are stored in non-volatile memory (EEPROM)

and are not affected by loss of power.

None of these settings are defined initially - they have

to be 'set' to their default values before you can use the

kit (see “USING THE KIT FOR THE FIRST TIME”).

Password (4 - 8 digits)

From 4 to 8 digits long using any number from 0 to 9.

Tamper setting (0 - 9)

The number of attempts allowed at entering a valid

password. A value of 0 disables this feature

(unlimited).

If the tamper setting is exceeded then the unit will

automatically disconnect and go into ‘lockout’ if

enabled (see Lockout time).

Number of rings to answer (0 - 9)

Number of incoming rings required before the unit will

automatically answer the call. A value of 0 disables

this feature (does not automatically answer).

Valid ring is defined as having an "off" time of more

than 1 second between each burst of ring. So the

American single ring, and the European double ring

are both seen as a single ring.

If the caller hangs up BEFORE the number of rings to

answer have been received then the unit will wait 10

seconds before 'resetting' itself to wait for the next call.

When this feature is disabled the unit expects the the call

to be answered 'externally', eg. by an answering machine.

Everything else works as normal, including entering a

valid password. The only difference is that it does not

automatically answer the incoming call.

Auto hangup time (00 - 99 seconds)

This is the length of time that the unit will wait for a

VALID command. If this time is exceeded then the unit

will automatically disconnect itself (hang up) from the

call. A valid command includes entering a correct

password at the start. A value of 0 disables this feature

(no auto hangup).

Note: Do not set this value too short – the user will need

time to enter their commands!

Lockout time (00 - 99 minutes)

This only comes into effect when the tamper setting has

been exceeded on the PREVIOUS call.

This is the length of time that the unit will wait AFTER

disconnecting (hanging up) before it will answer the next

call. A value of 00 disables this feature (no lockout).

For example, suppose the tamper setting is 3 and the

lockout time is set to 10. The unit receives a call and

answers it. If a valid password is NOT entered in 3

attempts the unit will disconnect (hangup) and then wait

for 10 minutes before it will answer any further calls. In

other words, further calls a 'locked out' for 10 minutes.

This security feature helps prevent multiple attempts at

'hacking' into the unit by introducing a delay time

between calls being answered.

WHAT IF I FORGET MY PASSWORD?

In this case you will need to follow the procedure in

“USING THE KIT FOR THE FIRST TIME”. This will

reset the password to 0000. However it will also reset all

the user settings to their default values. You will have to

re-enter them as required.

IT DOESN’T WORK – WHAT DO I DO?

1. Check that all components are in their correct place

and the correct way around. Check for unsoldered

joints and solder bridges or splashes.

2. Is the 5V supply OK?

3. Any IC legs bent up under the IC body?

4. Is the phone line cable using the two inner pins on

the RJ-11 plug? Is a broadband filter needed?

QUASAR CODES 3140 - DTMF Telephone Relay Switcher

5.Ifyouarefindingtheunit isbehavingerraticallythen youmightwishto check that yourphoneline has

been wired with thecorrect polarity.Thedetails forthetypical BThomephone systemare shownbelow.

Master Socket Schematic

Master Socket Wiring

Although pin 4 has no function in a domestic installation it is usually connected for

the sake of neatness. The quality of wiring carried out by many older BT wiremen is

often approaching art in its perfection.

The BT Drop Cable (The cable coming from the outside world)

This often has Orange, White, Green and Black wires. Usually (but not always)

Orange and White are the active pair and go to connections 2 and 5. In some master

boxes (such as the type with a removable front section) they go to two connectors

marked A and B. Which way around they are connected usually doesn't matter but

3140, some modems (especially older USA sourced ones) and some answering

machines are fussy about polarity, so it's wise if possible to check the voltage on the

line and connect -48V to the B leg (J2) and 0V to the A leg (J5).

Page 5

QUASAR CODES 3140 - DTMF Telephone Relay Switcher

Page 6

REFERENCES

Understanding Telephone Electronics, by J. Fike &

G. Friend, published by Sams(ISBN 0-672-27018-8)

The newsgroup sci.electronics.basics frequently

discusses telephone related questions.

Visit http://www.atmel.comfor a datasheet on the

89C2051 microcontroller and 24C01 EEPROM.

MAX666 datasheet from Maxim

http://pdfserv.maxim-ic.com/arpdf/MAX663-

MAX666.pdf

LCA110 datasheet from CPClare

http://www.clare.com/home/pdfs.nsf/www/

Lca110.pdf/$file/Lca110.pdf

PARTS LIST

Resistors (0.25W carbon film unless specified)

56R 1W green blue black..R3.................................1

100R brown black brown ..R4................................. 1

820R gray red brown.........R5 ................................. 1

1K brown black red ...........R18,22 ..........................2

2K2 red red red..................R6.................................1

8K2 gray red red.................R21 ...............................1

10K brown black orange ...R8,17,19,20 ..................4

22K red red orange............R7 .................................1

47K yellow violet orange ..R1,2..............................2

56K green blue orange.......R11 ...............................1

68K blue grey orange ........R12 ...............................1

180K brown gray yellow...R16 ............................... 1

220K red red yellow ..........R9,10,13 ....................... 3

270K red violetyellow ......R14 ............................... 1

3M3 orange orange green..R15 ...............................1

Capacitors

27pF ceramic......................C12,13 .......................... 2

10nF 103 63V box poly......C5,6 .............................. 2

100nF 104 monobloc..........C7,8,11 ......................... 3

120nF box poly...................C3 ................................. 1

1uF 105 63V/100V poly.....C15 ............................... 1

330nF 250V poly................C4 ................................. 1

1uF 63V electrolytic...........C1 ................................. 1

4.7uF 63V electrolytic........C2 ................................. 1

10uF 25V electrolytic.........C10,14 .......................... 2

100uF 25V electrolytic.......C9................................. 1

Semiconductors

1N4004 diode .....................D1,2,3 ........................... 3

1N4148 ...............................D4................................. 1

WO2...................................B1,2,3 ...........................3

Diode bridge

MJE340 NPN transistor......Q1 .................................1

MPSA42 NPNtransistor ....Q2................................. 1

CM8870 datasheet from California Micro Devices

www.calmicro.com/products/data/pdf/cm8870.pdf

DTMFDecoder, in Silicon Chip, 5/91, p30.

DTMFDecoder, in Electronics Now,11/93, p53.

Build a DTMFDecoder/Logger, in PopularElectronics,

9/95, p37.

For information about all Quasar Kits see our web page at

http://www.quasarelectronics.com

Send us email - mailto: [email protected]

For technical support queries please contact our Support

Team by email:

mailto: [email protected]

Semiconductors (cont.)

LCA110 opto-isolator........IC1 ................................ 1

4N25 optocoupler ...............IC2 ................................ 1

CM8870 ..............................IC3 ................................ 1

DTMFreceiver

AT89C2051-24PC ..............IC4 ................................ 1

ATMEL microcontroller

24C01A...............................IC5 ................................ 1

128x8 serial EEPROM

ULN2003A .........................IC6 ................................ 1

MAX666.............................IC7 ................................ 1

LED,5mmGreen................L1..................................1

Miscellaneous

Crystal,3.5795MHz............Y1 ................................. 1

Crystal,12.000MHz............Y2 ................................. 1

Metal Oxide Varistor ..........MOV.............................1

Socket, RJ-11......................X1 ................................. 1

Pluggable header.................X2 ................................. 1

12 way,Dinkle 2EHDRC-12P

DC jack, 2.5mm, PCBmtg.X3 ................................. 1

Pluggable socket .................for X2............................ 4

3 way,Dinkle 2ESDV-03P

Relay, SPDT .......................RL1,2,3,4 ...................... 4

Goodsky RWH-SH-112D

TACT pushbutton switch....S1.................................. 1

LED clip, 5mmblack..........for L1 ............................ 1

ICsocket, 20 pin.................forIC4...........................1

ICsocket, 18 pin.................forIC3...........................1

ICsocket, 16 pin.................forIC6...........................1

IC socket,8 pin...................for IC5,7........................ 2

IC socket,6 pin...................for IC1,2........................ 2

Self tapping screws for fixing PCBtocase............... 4

Plastic case, 130(W)x 100(D) x 30(H)mm............... 1

PCB, 3140................................................................. 1

Set of front & rear panels........................................... 1

GENERAL RELAY INFORMATION

We accept no responsibility for injury, loss, or damage of any kind caused by or resulting from improper product assembly, testing, commissioning or use.

Warning! Risk of Electric Shock!

This information concerns kits and modules with relay outputs. TO USE THE RELAY OUTPUTS

SAFELY YOU MUST OBSERVE THE MAXIMUM VOLTAGE AND CURRENT LIMITS QUOTED

IN THE PRODUCT DOCUMENTATION (this is because the board design may not be rated to

switch the maximum voltage and current limits printed on the relay itself or specified in the relay

manufacturer’s data sheet).

Controlling mains equipment with relay outputs must be treated with extreme caution. Electric

shocks can cause severe and permanent injury or even death. Construction, installation, testing and commissioning

should only be attempted by suitably qualified persons, or under the supervision of a suitably qualified person. These

products are not suitable for children. Before connecting mains powered equipment to the relay outputs please check

with the relevant authorities in order to ensure compliance with all current safety regulations.

Many areas of the assembly may operate at mains voltage. A suitable isolating enclosure must be used. Exposed screw

terminal blocks on some products must be insulated to prevent contact with exposed metallic parts at mains potential.

Connected equipment should be suitably fused.

You will find relay outputs on many of the kits and modules that we sell. A relay is an electrically

operated on/off switch. The voltage and current limits specified in the product documentation

generally relate to resistive or light inductive loads.

Relay Terminals

Most boards have SPDT (Single Pole Double Throw) style relays. These have three outputs:

C= Common

NO = Normally-Open contacts connect the circuit when the relay is activated; the

circuit is disconnected when the relay is inactive. It is also called a Form A

contact or "make" contact.

NC = Normally-Closed contacts disconnect the circuit when the relay is activated;

the circuit is connected when the relay is inactive. It is also called a Form B

contact or "break" contact.

Connecting the Device you want to Control

You must provide an external power source to the device you want to control. No voltage is present at

the relay terminals (remember it is just a switch). The relay is normally connected in series with the

positive (+) power wire of the device you want to control.

In this case, the positive wire from the power source should be connected to Common. Then either

the NO or NC terminal (as appropriate for your purpose) is connected to the positive (+) wire going to

the device you want to control. The negative (-) wire does not connect to the relay at all. It goes

directly from the power source negative output to the device negative (-) terminal.

Typical SPDT Relay Connection Diagrams

Anti-Spark SPDT Relay Connection Diagram

Sometimes the connected equipment can cause arcing across the relay contacts. This must be

corrected by installing a resistor and capacitor (not supplied) between the two contacts of the relay as

shown below. Component values are for 230Vac mains.

QUASAR CODES 3140 - DTMF Telephone Relay Switcher

Page 7

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