Red Hat CLUSTER SUITE - FOR RHEL 4 Guida all'installazione

Red Hat Cluster Suite

for RHEL 4

Overview

Red Hat Cluster Suitefor RHEL 4: Overview

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Table of Contents

About This Document........................................................................................................ i

1. Document Conventions ........................................................................................ i

2. Feedback ..............................................................................................................v

1. Red Hat Cluster Suite Overview ..................................................................................1

1.1. Cluster Basics....................................................................................................1

1.2. Red Hat Cluster Suite Introduction ...................................................................2

1.3. Cluster Infrastructure ........................................................................................4

1.3.1. Cluster Management ..........................................................................4

1.3.2. Lock Management .............................................................................6

1.3.3. Fencing...............................................................................................6

1.3.4. Cluster Conﬁguration System ..........................................................10

1.4. High-availability Service Management ..........................................................12

1.5. Red Hat GFS ...................................................................................................14

1.5.1. Superior Performance and Scalability .............................................16

1.5.2. Performance, Scalability, Moderate Price........................................17

1.5.3. Economy and Performance ..............................................................18

1.6. Cluster Logical Volume Manager ...................................................................19

1.7. Global Network Block Device ........................................................................21

1.8. Linux Virtual Server .......................................................................................22

1.8.1. Two-Tier LVS Topology ..................................................................24

1.8.2. Three-Tier LVS Topology ................................................................27

1.8.3. Routing Methods..............................................................................28

1.8.4. Persistence and Firewall Marks .......................................................32

1.9. Cluster Administration GUI............................................................................33

1.9.1. Cluster Conﬁguration Tool ...........................................................34

1.9.2. Cluster Status Tool.........................................................................38

1.10. Linux Virtual Server Administration GUI ....................................................40

1.10.1. CONTROL/MONITORING.......................................................40

1.10.2. GLOBAL SETTINGS .................................................................41

1.10.3. REDUNDANCY ...........................................................................43

1.10.4. VIRTUAL SERVERS ..................................................................44

2. Red Hat Cluster Suite Component Summary ...........................................................53

2.1. Cluster Components........................................................................................53

2.2. Man Pages ....................................................................................................... 59

Index..................................................................................................................................63

About This Document

This document provides a high-level overview of Red Hat Cluster Suite for Red Hat Enter-

prise Linux 4. Although the information in this document is an overview, you should have

advanced working knowledge of Red Hat Enterprise Linux and understand the concepts of

server computing to gain a good comprehension of the information. For more information

about using Red Hat Enterprise Linux, refer to the following resources:

•Red Hat Enterprise Linux Installation Guide — Provides information regarding instal-

lation.

•Red Hat Enterprise Linux Introduction to System Administration — Provides introduc-

tory information for new Red Hat Enterprise Linux system administrators.

•Red Hat Enterprise Linux System Administration Guide — Provides more detailed in-

formation about conﬁguring Red Hat Enterprise Linux to suit your particular needs as a

user.

•Red Hat Enterprise Linux Reference Guide — Provides detailed information suited for

more experienced users to reference when needed, as opposed to step-by-step instruc-

tions.

•Red Hat Enterprise Linux Security Guide — Details the planning and the tools involved

in creating a secured computing environment for the data center, workplace, and home.

This document contains overview information about Red Hat Cluster Suite for Red Hat

Enterprise Linux 4 and is part of a documentation set that provides conceptual, procedural,

and reference information about Red Hat Cluster Suite for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.

Red Hat Cluster Suite documentation and other Red Hat documents are available in HTML,

PDF, and RPM versions on the Red Hat Enterprise Linux Documentation CD and online

at the following location:

http://www.redhat.com/docs/

1. Document Conventions

In this manual, certain words are represented in different fonts, typefaces, sizes, and

weights. This highlighting is systematic; different words are represented in the same style

to indicate their inclusion in a speciﬁc category. The types of words that are represented

this way include the following:

command

Linux commands (and other operating system commands, when used) are represented

this way. This style should indicate to you that you can type the word or phrase on

the command line and press [Enter] to invoke a command. Sometimes a command

ii About This Document

contains words that would be displayed in a different style on their own (such as ﬁle

names). In these cases, they are considered to be part of the command, so the entire

phrase is displayed as a command. For example:

Use the cat testfile command to view the contents of a ﬁle, named testfile,

in the current working directory.

file name

File names, directory names, paths, and RPM package names are represented this

way. This style indicates that a particular ﬁle or directory exists with that name on

your system. Examples:

The .bashrc ﬁle in your home directory contains bash shell deﬁnitions and aliases

for your own use.

The /etc/fstab ﬁle contains information about different system devices and ﬁle

systems.

Install the webalizer RPM if you want to use a Web server log ﬁle analysis program.

application

This style indicates that the program is an end-user application (as opposed to system

software). For example:

Use Mozilla to browse the Web.

[key]

A key on the keyboard is shown in this style. For example:

To use [Tab] completion, type in a character and then press the [Tab] key. Your termi-

nal displays the list of ﬁles in the directory that start with that letter.

[key]-[combination]

A combination of keystrokes is represented in this way. For example:

The [Ctrl]-[Alt]-[Backspace] key combination exits your graphical session and returns

you to the graphical login screen or the console.

text found on a GUI interface

A title, word, or phrase found on a GUI interface screen or window is shown in this

style. Text shown in this style indicates that a particular GUI screen or an element on

a GUI screen (such as text associated with a checkbox or ﬁeld). Example:

Select the Require Password checkbox if you would like your screensaver to require

a password before stopping.

About This Document iii

top level of a menu on a GUI screen or window

A word in this style indicates that the word is the top level of a pulldown menu. If you

click on the word on the GUI screen, the rest of the menu should appear. For example:

Under File on a GNOME terminal, the New Tab option allows you to open multiple

shell prompts in the same window.

Instructions to type in a sequence of commands from a GUI menu look like the fol-

lowing example:

Go to Applications (the main menu on the panel) => Programming => Emacs Text

Editor to start the Emacs text editor.

button on a GUI screen or window

This style indicates that the text can be found on a clickable button on a GUI screen.

For example:

Click on the Back button to return to the webpage you last viewed.

computer output

Text in this style indicates text displayed to a shell prompt such as error messages and

responses to commands. For example:

The ls command displays the contents of a directory. For example:

Desktop about.html logs paulwesterberg.png

Mail backupfiles mail reports

The output returned in response to the command (in this case, the contents of the

directory) is shown in this style.

prompt

A prompt, which is a computer’s way of signifying that it is ready for you to input

something, is shown in this style. Examples:

[stephen@maturin stephen]$

leopard login:

user input

Text that the user types, either on the command line or into a text box on a GUI screen,

is displayed in this style. In the following example, text is displayed in this style:

To boot your system into the text based installation program, you must type in the

text command at the boot: prompt.

iv About This Document

Text used in examples that is meant to be replaced with data provided by the user

is displayed in this style. In the following example, <version-number>is dis-

played in this style:

The directory for the kernel source is /usr/src/kernels/<version-number>/,

where <version-number>is the version and type of kernel installed on this

system.

Additionally, we use several different strategies to draw your attention to certain pieces of

information. In order of urgency, these items are marked as a note, tip, important, caution,

or warning. For example:

Note

Remember that Linux is case sensitive. In other words, a rose is not a ROSE is not a

rOsE.

Tip

The directory /usr/share/doc/ contains additional documentation for packages installed

on your system.

Important

If you modify the DHCP conﬁguration ﬁle, the changes do not take effect until you restart

the DHCP daemon.

Caution

Do not perform routine tasks as root — use a regular user account unless you need to

use the root account for system administration tasks.

About This Document v

Warning

Be careful to remove only the necessary partitions. Removing other partitions could result

in data loss or a corrupted system environment.

2. Feedback

If you spot a typo, or if you have thought of a way to make this document

better, we would love to hear from you. Please submit a report in Bugzilla

(http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla/) against the component rh-cs.

Be sure to mention the document’s identiﬁer:

rh-cs [RHCS overview](EN)-4-Print-RHI

By mentioning this document’s identiﬁer, we know exactly which version of the guide you

have.

If you have a suggestion for improving the documentation, try to be as speciﬁc as possible.

If you have found an error, please include the section number and some of the surrounding

text so we can ﬁnd it easily.

(2007-1108T16:26)

vi About This Document

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