Texas Instruments CC2545 Manuale utente

CC2543/44/45 Development

Kits User’s Guide

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Table of contents

CC2543/44/45 DEVELOPMENT KITS USER’S GUIDE ................................................................................. 1

1ACRONYMS ............................................................................................................................................. 3

2INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................................... 4

3ABOUT THIS MANUAL ......................................................................................................................... 4

4DEVELOPMENT KIT CONTENTS ...................................................................................................... 6

4.1 CC2543-CC2544DK ................................................................................................................................... 6

4.2 CC2545EMK .............................................................................................................................................. 8

5GETTING STARTED .............................................................................................................................. 9

5.1 SETTING UP THE HARDWARE........................................................................................................................ 9

5.2 RUNNING THE PREPROGRAMMED PACKET ERROR RATE TEST................................................................... 10

5.2.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 10

5.2.2 Program Flow................................................................................................................................................................................... 11

5.2.3 Set Up the CC254x Proprietary Mode Packet Error Rate Test ......................................................................................................... 15

5.2.4 CC254x Proprietary Mode Packet Error Rate Test Source Code ..................................................................................................... 15

5.2.5 Evaluate the CC2543/44/45 Radio using SmartRF Studio ................................................................................................................ 16

5.3 SETTING UP THE SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT ..................................................................... 18

6RF TESTING........................................................................................................................................... 19

6.1 TX PARAMETER TESTING BASICS.............................................................................................................. 19

6.2 RX PARAMETER TESTING BASICS.............................................................................................................. 20

7CC2543EM .............................................................................................................................................. 21

8CC2545EM .............................................................................................................................................. 22

9CC2544 USB DONGLE .......................................................................................................................... 23

10 SMARTRF05 EVALUATION BOARD................................................................................................ 25

11 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ................................................................................................ 26

12 REFERENCES........................................................................................................................................ 29

13 DOCUMENT HISTORY........................................................................................................................ 29

APPENDIX A SETTING UP THE SOFTWARE ENVIRONMENT ...................................................... 30

A.1CREATE THE PROJECT ................................................................................................................................ 30

A.2 PROJECT OPTIONS ...................................................................................................................................... 31

A.3 SELECT DEVICE ......................................................................................................................................... 31

A.4 SELECT CODE AND DATA MODEL.............................................................................................................. 32

A.5 CONFIGURE THE LINKER ............................................................................................................................ 33

A.6 CONFIGURE THE DEBUGGER ...................................................................................................................... 34

A.7 WRITE SOFTWARE ..................................................................................................................................... 35

A.8 COMPILE AND DEBUG ................................................................................................................................ 36

A.9 DONE!........................................................................................................................................................ 36

APPENDIX B SCHEMATICS AND LAYOUT ........................................................................................ 37

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1 Acronyms

Development Kit

Evaluation Board

Evaluation Module

EMK

Evaluation Module Kit

HID

Human Interface Device

Integrated Circuit

Kilo Byte (1024 byte)

LCD

Liquid Crystal Display

LED

Light Emitting Diode

LPRF

Low Power RF

MCU

Micro Controller

Not connected

PER

Packet Error Rate

Radio Frequency

Receive

SoC

System on Chip

Texas Instruments

Transmit

UART

Universal Asynchronous Receive Transmit

USB

Universal Serial Bus

MHz

Mega Hertz

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2 Introduction

Thank you for purchasing a CC254x Development Kit. The current development kits in the CC254x

family described here are the CC2543-CC2544DK, the CC2545EMK and the CC2541EMK. The

Evaluation Module Kits (EMK) are supplementary to the CC2543-CC2544DK as they only consist of

two single Evaluation Modules (EM).

The CC2543, CC2544 and CC2545 devices are RF SoCs designated for the proprietary 2.4 GHz RF

market that can be used in any application, but are tailored for wireless HID applications. The CC2544

is tailored for the USB dongles, the CC2543 for peripheral devices such as wireless mouse

applications and the CC2545 for wireless keyboard applications.

The single-chip RF transceiver and MCU supports data rates up to 2Mbps, and has extensive

baseband automation, including auto-acknowledgement and address decoding. It provides excellent

link budget with programmable output power up to +5 dBm, which enables long range without external

front-ends.

The CC2543, CC2544 and CC2545 devices come with a two-channel DMA which reduces the need of

the MCU operating in active mode, hence significantly improves power consumption. In addition they

have one 16-bit and two 8-bit timers and 20mA drive strength on selected general purpose I/O pins.

They also have a 40-bit radio timer used by the Link Layer Engine.

The on-chip voltage regulator supports a wide range of supply voltages, and the CC2544 has a USB

5V to 3.3V regulator. The on-chip MCU is the High-Performance and Low-Power 8051 Microcontroller

with Code Prefetch.

The CC2544 has full speed USB support with 6 endpoints, separate 1kB FIFO memory, internal pull-

up and 5V to 3.3V regulator.

The CC2543 [1], CC2544 [2] and CC2545 [3] product folders on the web have more information, with

datasheets, user guides and application notes.

The CC2543-CC2544 Development Kit includes all the necessary hardware to properly evaluate,

demonstrate, prototype and develop software for proprietary applications

3 About this manual

This manual describes all the hardware included in the CC2543-CC2544 Development Kit (CC2543-

CC2544DK), the CC2545 Evaluation Module Kit (CC2545EMK) and points the user to other useful

information sources.

The CC2541 Evaluation Module Kit (CC2541EMK) is also compatible in similar fashion as the

CC2545EMK. The CC2541 device has two different modes of operation called “BlueTooth Low Energy

Mode” and “Proprietary Mode”. This user guide only covers the “proprietary Mode” of operation and it

does not detail the HW and specific details of the CC2541. The CC2541 has more system resources

available (256kB FLASH and 8kB RAM size to mention some). Proprietary applications that require

more system resources than what the CC2543/44/45 can offer might want to consider using the

CC2541. For more information about the CC2541 and the CC2541EMK please visit the product folder

page on web and the CC2541EMK web page.

Chapter 4 briefly describes the contents of the development kits and chapter 5 gives a quick

introduction to how to get started with the kit. In particular, it describes how to install SmartRF Studio

to get the required drivers for the evaluation board, how the hardware can be used, and lists the

software that is available for the development kit. Chapter 6 explains some simple methods for

performing practical RF testing with the development kit. Chapter 7, 8, and 10 describe the hardware

in the kit and where to find more information about how to use it. A troubleshooting guide can be found

in chapter 11.

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Appendix A gives a detailed description of how to set up the software development environment for

the CC2543, CC2544 and CC2545.

The CC2543-CC2544DK Quick Start Guide [6] has a short tutorial on how to get started with the main

kit. The CC2545EMK also has a similar Quick Start Guide available on web [7].

The PC tools SmartRF Studio and SmartRF Flash Programmer have their own user manuals.

Please visit the CC2543-CC2544DK web page [4], CC2545EMK web page [5] and CC2543 [1],

CC2544 [2] and CC2545 [3] product pages for additional information. Further information can be found

on the TI LPRF Online Community [10].

See chapter 12 for a list of relevant documents and links.

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4 Development Kit contents

4.1 CC2543-CC2544DK

The CC2543-CC2544 Development Kit (CC2543-CC2544DK) includes hardware and software that

allows quick testing of the CC2543 and CC2544 RF performance and offers a complete platform for

development of advanced prototype RF systems.

Evaluate the CC2543 and the CC2544 right out of the box. The kit can be used for range testing

using the pre-programmed PER test application running on the two devices.

Use SmartRF Studio to perform RF measurements. The radio can be easily configured to

measure sensitivity, output power and other RF parameters.

Prototype development. All I/O pins from the CC2543 are available on pin connectors on the

SmartRF05EB, allowing easy interconnection to peripherals on the EB board or other external

sensors and devices.

The CC2543-CC2544DK contains the following components

2 x SmartRF05EB (the two large boards)

2 x CC2543 Evaluation Modules (the two small boards)

2 x Antennas (Pulse W1010)

1 x CC2544 USB Dongle

Cables

Documents

Figure 1 - CC2543-CC2544 Development Kit Contents.

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SmartRF05EB

The SmartRF05EB (evaluation board) is the

main board in the kit with a wide range of user

interfaces:

3x16 character serial LCD

Full speed USB 2.0 interface

UART

LEDs

Serial Flash

Potentiometer

Joystick

Buttons

The EB is the platform for the evaluation

modules (EM) and can be connected to the PC

via USB to control the EM.

CC2543EM

The CC2543EM (evaluation module) contains

the RF IC and necessary external components

and matching filters for getting the most out of

the radio. The module can be plugged into the

SmartRF05EB. Use the EM as reference

design for RF layout. The links for schematic

and layout files can be found in Appendix B.

CC2544 USB Dongle

The CC2544 USB Dongle is a fully operational

USB device that can be plugged into a PC.

The Dongle is however not compatible with the

SmartRF Protocol Packet Sniffer. The dongle

has 2 LEDs, two small push-buttons and

connector holes that allow connection of

external sensors or devices. The dongle also

has a connector for programming and

debugging of the CC2544 USB controller. The

links for schematic and layout files can be

found in Appendix B.

Antenna

The antenna, W1010 from Pulse, is a ¼ wave

dipole antenna with 2 dBi gain.

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4.2 CC2545EMK

The CC2545 Evaluation Module Kit (CC2545EMK) is an add-on module to the CC2543-CC2544DK

and the latter must be acquired to be able to use the CC2545EM in the same manner as the

CC2543EM.

The CC2545EMK contains the following components

2 x CC2545 Evaluation Modules

Documents

Figure 2 - CC2545EMK Development Kit Contents.

CC2545EM

The CC2545EM (evaluation module) contains

the RF IC and necessary external components

and matching filters for getting the most out of

the radio. There is a PCB antenna (Inverted F)

which is connected by default to the RF pins

on the device. It is also possible to connect the

SMA connector instead of the PCB antenna to

be able to connect another antenna or coaxial

cable if desired. The module can be plugged

into the SmartRF05EB. Use the EM as

reference design for RF layout. The links for

schematic and layout files can be found in

Appendix B.

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5 Getting started

5.1 Setting up the hardware

After opening the kit, make sure you have all components. Please contact your TI Sales

Representative or TI Support [9] if anything is missing.

Start by connecting the antennas to the SMA connector on the RF evaluation boards. Tighten the

antenna’s screw firmly on to the SMA connector. If not properly connected, you might get reduced RF

performance. It is also possible to connect the EM board to RF instruments via coax cables. The EM is

designed to match a 50 Ohm load at the SMA connector.

Next, the evaluation modules should be plugged in to the SmartRF05EB. Make sure to set the switch

P19 to “SOC/TRX” (right position). The purpose of the SmartRF05EB is to serve as a general I/O

board for testing of the various peripherals of the CC2543/45 microcontroller. The EB also contains a

separate USB controller, which is used as a bridge between the PC and the CC2543/44/45 for

programming the flash of these devices. It is also used for debugging the software running on the

devices.

The evaluation board can be powered from several different sources:

2 x 1.5V AA Non-rechargeable alkaline batteries

USB (via the USB connector)

DC power (4 to 10 Volt) (not included in this kit)

External regulated power source (not included in this kit)

The power source can be selected using jumper P11 on the SmartRF05EB. The SmartRF05EB User’s

Guide [11] provides more details.

After assembling the hardware, you now have several options for working with the CC2543/44/45:

Run the packet error rate (PER) test which is preprogrammed on the CC2543/44/45. The

PER test is a quick way to evaluate the range which can be achieved with the radio. Chapter

5.2 will guide you through the PER test.

Evaluate and explore the RF capabilities of the CC2543/44/45 using SmartRF Studio.

Chapter 5.2.5 provides the details how to do so.

Developing software for the CC2543/44/45. Install IAR Embedded Workbench for 8051 and

set up your first software project. Chapter 5.3 explains how.

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5.2 Running the Preprogrammed Packet Error Rate Test

5.2.1 Introduction

The CC2543EM, CC2545EM and CC2544Dongle come pre-programmed with a Packet Error Rate

(PER) test application. The PER number is the ratio between number of packets being lost and the

total number of packets being sent. The PER relates to the more traditional Bit Error Rate (BER)

through the formula

lengthpacket

BERPER _

)1(1 

A PER value of 1% is normally used as the limit for determining the sensitivity threshold of the radio.

The sensitivity threshold is the lowest input signal strength at which the receiver can decode the signal

with a reasonable degree of correctness.

By using the PER test on the CC2543/44/45, it is possible to perform practical range testing. Place the

transmitter at a fixed location and place the receiver at a given distance from the transmitter. Then run

the PER test to measure packet errors and monitor the signal strength. Read the description below for

an explanation how the PER and RSSI values are calculated. Repeat at different distances to get an

idea of the range that can be obtained.

To get an idea of the best performance of the device, the test should be performed outdoors on a

large field with no other RF sources to avoid fading, reflections, and uncontrolled interference.

Alternatively, the range test can be used to see what range is obtainable in the actual environment

where the RF system is going to be deployed. See “DN018 – Range Measurement in an Open Field

Environment”[14][14] for considerations and applicable theory for performing open field range

measurements.

The CC2543-CC2544DK Quick Start Guide (www.ti.com/lit/swru315) gives a detailed step-by-step

guide for running the PER test. We recommend following the steps in that guide.

Please note the following:

The most natural power source to use for range testing is batteries. There is a voltage

regulator on the SmartRF05EB that regulates the voltage to 3.3V on the board, regardless of

the voltage from the batteries.

Both boards have to be set up to operate on the same channel. The available channels are in

steps of 1 MHz from 2402 MHz up to 2480 MHz.

The PER value is calculated using the following formula:

ErrorsNumPacketsLostNumPacketsOKNumPackets

ErrorsNumPacketsLostNumPackets

PER 





The software is looking at the sequence number of the received packet to determine how

many packets are lost since the last received packet. The PER value on the LCD shows the

number per 1000 to avoid time consuming floating point calculations on the controller. That is,

if the LCD shows a PER of 6 ‰, the PER value is 0.6%.

The RSSI value shown on the LCD is in dBm and represents a running average RSSI value

from the last 8 received packets. The RSSI value will never be the same for all packets even

though the boards are located at the same distance from each other. This is caused by

interfering signals, reflections, thermal noise etc.

The source code for the PER test, and an Intel HEX file ready to be programmed on the device is

available on the CC2543-CC2544DK web site [4].

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