Texas Instruments CC2543 Manuale utente

CC2543-CC2544 Development

Kit User’s Guide

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Table of contents

CC2543-CC2544 DEVELOPMENT KIT USER’S GUIDE .............................................................................. 1

1INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................................... 3

2ABOUT THIS MANUAL......................................................................................................................... 3

3ACRONYMS............................................................................................................................................. 4

4DEVELOPMENT KIT CONTENTS ...................................................................................................... 5

5GETTING STARTED.............................................................................................................................. 7

5.1 SETTING UP THE HARDWARE........................................................................................................................ 7

5.2 RUNNING THE PREPROGRAMMED PER TEST ON THE CC2543EM AND THE CC2544DONGLE..................... 8

5.2.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 8

5.2.2 Program Flow..................................................................................................................................................................................... 9

5.2.3 Set Up the CC254x PER Test............................................................................................................................................................ 11

5.3 EVALUATE THE CC2543 AND CC2544 RADIO USING SMARTRF STUDIO................................................... 11

5.4 SETTING UP THE SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT ..................................................................... 13

6RF TESTING........................................................................................................................................... 14

6.1 TX PARAMETER TESTING BASICS.............................................................................................................. 14

6.2 RX PARAMETER TESTING BASICS.............................................................................................................. 15

7CC2543EM .............................................................................................................................................. 16

8CC2544 USB DONGLE.......................................................................................................................... 17

9SMARTRF05 EVALUATION BOARD................................................................................................ 19

10 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS................................................................................................ 20

11 REFERENCES........................................................................................................................................ 23

12 DOCUMENT HISTORY........................................................................................................................ 23

APPENDIX A SETTING UP THE SOFTWARE ENVIRONMENT...................................................... 24

A.1 CREATE THE PROJECT ................................................................................................................................ 24

A.2 PROJECT OPTIONS...................................................................................................................................... 25

A.3 SELECT DEVICE ......................................................................................................................................... 25

A.4 SELECT CODE AND MEMORY MODEL ........................................................................................................ 26

A.5 CONFIGURE THE LINKER............................................................................................................................ 27

A.6 CONFIGURE THE DEBUGGER ...................................................................................................................... 28

A.7 WRITE SOFTWARE ..................................................................................................................................... 29

A.8 COMPILE AND DEBUG................................................................................................................................ 30

A.9 DONE!........................................................................................................................................................ 30

APPENDIX B SCHEMATICS.................................................................................................................... 31

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1 Introduction

Thank you for purchasing a CC2543-CC2544 Development Kit.

The CC2543 and CC2544 devices are RF SoCs designated for the proprietary 2.4 GHz RF market

that can be used in any application but are tailored for wireless HID applications. The CC2544 is

tailored for the USB dongles and the CC2543 for peripheral devices such as wireless mouse

applications.

The single-chip RF transceiver and MCU supports data rates up to 2Mbps, and has extensive

baseband automation, including auto-acknowledgement and address decoding. It provides excellent

link budget with programmable output power up to +4dBm, which enables long range without external

front-ends.

The CC2543 and CC2544 devices come with a powerful two-channel DMA which reduces the need of

the MCU operating in active mode, hence significantly improves power consumption. In addition they

have one 16-bit and two 8-bit timers and 20mA drive strength on selected general purpose I/O pins.

They also have a 40-bit radio timer used by the Link Layer Engine.

The on-chip voltage regulator supports a wide range of supply voltages, and the CC2544 has a USB

5V to 3.3V regulator. The on-chip MCU is the High-Performance and Low-Power 8051 Microcontroller

with Code Prefetch.

The CC2544 has full speed USB support with 6 endpoints, separate 1kB FIFO memory, internal pull-

up and 5V to 3.3V regulator.

The CC2543 and CC2544 product folders on the web [1][2] have more information, with datasheets,

user guides and application notes.

The CC2543-CC2544 Development Kit includes all the necessary hardware to properly evaluate,

demonstrate, prototype and develop software for proprietary applications

2 About this manual

This manual describes all the hardware included in the CC2543-CC2544 Development Kit (CC2543-

CC2544DK) and points the user to other useful information sources.

Chapter 4 briefly describes the contents of the development kit and chapter 5 gives a quick

introduction to how to get started with the kit. In particular, it describes how to install SmartRF Studio

to get the required drivers for the evaluation board, how the hardware can be used, and lists the

software that is available for the development kit. Chapter 6 explains some simple methods for

performing practical RF testing with the development kit. Chapter 7, 8, and 9 describe the hardware in

the kit and where to find more information about how to use it. A troubleshooting guide can be found in

chapter 10.

Appendix A gives a detailed description of how to set up the software development environment for

the CC2543 and CC2544.

The CC2543-CC2544DK Quick Start Guide [4] has a short tutorial on how to get started with the kit.

The PC tools SmartRF Studio and SmartRF Flash Programmer have their own user manuals.

Please visit the CC2543-CC2544 development kit web page [3], CC2543 product page [1] and

CC2544 product page [2] for additional information. Further information can be found on the TI LPRF

Online Community [7].

See chapter 11 for a list of relevant documents and links.

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3 Acronyms

Development Kit

Evaluation Board

Evaluation Module

HID

Human Interface Device

Integrated Circuit

Kilo Byte (1024 byte)

LCD

Liquid Crystal Display

LED

Light Emitting Diode

LPRF

Low Power RF

MCU

Micro Controller

Not connected

PER

Packet Error Rate

Radio Frequency

Receive

SoC

System on Chip

Texas Instruments

Transmit

UART

Universal Asynchronous Receive Transmit

USB

Universal Serial Bus

MHz

Mega Hertz

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4 Development Kit contents

The CC2543-CC2544 Development Kit (CC2543-CC2544DK) includes hardware and software that

allows quick testing of the CC2543 and CC2544 RF performance and offers a complete platform for

development of advanced prototype RF systems.

Evaluate the CC2543 and the CC2544 right out of the box. The kit can be used for range testing

using the pre-programmed PER tester running on the two devices.

Use SmartRF Studio to perform RF measurements. The radio can be easily configured to

measure sensitivity, output power and other RF parameters.

Prototype development. All I/O pins from the CC2543 are available on pin connectors on the

SmartRF05EB, allowing easy interconnection to peripherals on the EB board or other external

sensors and devices.

The CC2543-CC2544DK contains the following components

2 x SmartRF05EB (the two large boards)

2 x CC2543 Evaluation Modules (the two small boards)

2 x Antennas (Pulse W1010)

1 x CC2544 USB Dongle

Cables

Batteries

Documents

Figure 1 - CC2543-CC2544 Development Kit Contents

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SmartRF05EB

The SmartRF05EB (evaluation board) is the

main board in the kit with a wide range of user

interfaces:

3x16 character serial LCD

Full speed USB 2.0 interface

UART

LEDs

Serial Flash

Potentiometer

Joystick

Buttons

The EB is the platform for the evaluation

modules (EM) and can be connected to the PC

via USB to control the EM.

CC2543EM

The CC2543EM (evaluation module) contains

the RF IC and necessary external components

and matching filters for getting the most out of

the radio. The module can be plugged into the

SmartRF05EB. Use the EM as reference

design for RF layout. The schematics are

included at the end of this document and the

layout files can be found on the web [1].

CC2544 USB Dongle

The CC2544 USB Dongle is a fully operational

USB device that can be plugged into a PC.

The dongle has 2 LEDs, two small push-

buttons and connector holes that allow

connection of external sensors or devices. The

dongle also has a connector for programming

and debugging of the CC2544 USB controller.

Antenna

The antenna, W1010 from Pulse, is a ¼ wave

dipole antenna with 2 dBi gain.

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5 Getting started

5.1 Setting up the hardware

After opening the kit, make sure you have all components. Please contact your TI Sales

Representative or TI Support [6] if anything is missing.

Start by connecting the antennas to the SMA connector on the RF evaluation boards. Tighten the

antenna’s screw firmly on to the SMA connector. If not properly connected, you might see reduced RF

performance. It is also possible to connect the EM board to RF instruments via coax cables. The EM is

designed to match a 50 Ohm load at the SMA connector.

Next, the evaluation modules should be plugged in to the SmartRF05EB. Make sure to set the switch

P19 to “SOC/TRX” (right position). The purpose of the SmartRF05EB is to serve as a general I/O

board for testing of the various peripherals of the CC2543 microcontroller. The EB also contains a

separate USB controller, which is used as a bridge between the PC and the CC2543 and the CC2544

for programming the flash of these devices. It is also used for debugging the software running on the

CC2543 and CC2544.

The evaluation board can be powered from several different sources:

2 x 1.5V AA batteries (included in this kit)

USB (via the USB connector)

DC power (4 to 10 Volt) (not included in this kit)

External regulated power source (not included in this kit)

The power source can be selected using jumper P11 on the SmartRF05EB. The SmartRF05EB User’s

Guide [8] provides more details.

After assembling the hardware, you now have several options for working with the CC2543 and

CC2544:

Run the packet error rate (PER) test which is preprogrammed on the CC2543 and

CC2544. The PER test is a quick way to evaluate the range which can be achieved with the

radio. Chapter 5.2 will guide you through the PER test.

Evaluate and explore the RF capabilities of the CC2543 and CC2544 using SmartRF

Studio. Chapter 5.3 provides the details how to do so.

Developing software for the CC2543 and CC2544. Install IAR Embedded Workbench for

8051 and set up your first software project. Chapter 5.4 explains how.

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5.2 Running the Preprogrammed PER Test on the CC2543EM and the CC2544Dongle

5.2.1 Introduction

The CC2543EM and CC2544Dongle come pre-programmed with a Packet Error Rate (PER) test

application. The PER number is the ratio between number of packets being lost and the total number

of packets being sent. The PER relates to the more traditional Bit Error Rate (BER) through the

formula

lengthpacket

BERPER _

)1(1

A PER value of 1% is normally used as the limit for determining the sensitivity threshold of the radio.

The sensitivity threshold is the lowest input signal strength at which the receiver can decode the signal

with a reasonable degree of correctness.

By using the PER test on the CC2543 and the CC2544, it is possible to perform practical range

testing. Place the transmitter at a fixed location and place the receiver at a given distance from the

transmitter. Then run the PER test to measure packet errors and monitor the signal strength. Read the

description below for an explanation how the PER and RSSI values are calculated. Repeat at different

distances to get an idea of the range that can be obtained.

To get an idea of the best performance of the device, the test should be performed outdoors on a

large field with no other RF sources to avoid fading, reflections, and uncontrolled interference.

Alternatively, the range test can be used to see what range is obtainable in the actual environment

where the RF system is going to be deployed. See document [11] for considerations and applicable

theory for performing open field range measurements.

The CC2543-CC2544DK Quick Start Guide (www.ti.com/lit/swru315) gives a detailed step-by-step

guide for running the PER test. We recommend following the steps in that guide.

Please note the following:

The most natural power source to use for range testing is batteries. There is a voltage

regulator on the SmartRF05EB that regulates the voltage to 3.3V on the board, regardless of

the voltage from the batteries.

Both boards have to be set up to operate on the same channel. The available channels are in

steps of 1 MHz from 2402 MHz up to 2480 MHz.

The PER value is calculated using the following formula:

ErrorsNumPacketsLostNumPacketsOKNumPackets

ErrorsNumPacketsLostNumPackets

PER

The software is looking at the sequence number of the received packet to determine how

many packets are lost since the last received packet. The PER value on the LCD shows the

number per 1000 to avoid time consuming floating point calculations on the controller. That is,

if the LCD shows a PER of 6 ‰, the PER value is 0.6%.

The RSSI value shown on the LCD is in dBm and represents a running average RSSI value

from the last 8 received packets. The RSSI value will never be the same for all packets even

though the boards are located at the same distance from each other. This is caused by

interfering signals, reflections, thermal noise etc.

The source code for the PER test, and an Intel HEX file ready to be programmed on the device is

available on the CC2543-CC2544DK web site [3].

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5.2.2 Program Flow

The PER test has two modes of operation, MASTER mode and REMOTE mode. The CC2543 can run

both while the CC2544 can only run the MASTER mode. This is because the CC2544 is mounted on

the CC2544 USB Dongle board which has no graphical user interfaces (required for REMOTE mode

operation). When the CC2544Dongle is powered up it automatically enters MASTER mode and no

further action is required from the user. In this section the PER test will be explained for the

CC2543EM mounted on the SmartRF05EB.

To get a quick walkthrough on how to set up the PER test confer the “CC2543-CC2544DK Quick Start

Guide” [4]. A printed copy of this is included in the kit. The source code for the PER test can be

downloaded from the kit product page [5].

When the preloaded PER test is powered on the CC2543EM (mounted on the SmartRF05EB) the

user will be presented with a choice between the two modes of operation (MASTER and REMOTE).

The operations of these two modes are presented below.

5.2.2.1 MASTER Mode

When a device enters the MASTER mode it can be described as a MASTER device. When this mode

is started the program enters the function “master_beacon_mode” In this function the device is

configures the radio in a default state (Modulation: GFSK, Data rate: 250kbps, Frequency: 2402 MHz)

and starts transmitting a beacon packet every 10 ms. After every transmitted packet the MASTER

device listens for a acknowledgement packet containing configuration settings for a new PER test. If

this configuration packet is received, the MASTER device reads out the packet content and then

enters a new function called “master_per_test_mode”. In this function the radio is configured

according the settings given in the configuration packet. Then the radio starts transmitting the given

number of packets at a rate of 10 ms. For every sent packet the REMOTE device will send an empty

acknowledgement. If the MASTER device receives these acknowledgements the bottom line on the

LCD display will state the following status: “Remote: ONLINE”. If the MASTER device does not receive

these acknoledgmenets the bottom line will say: “Remote: OFFLINE”. After the MASTER device is

finished transmitting all the packets, it will go back to the function “master_beacon_mode” and send a

beacon packet every 10 ms.

5.2.2.2 REMOTE Mode

When a device enters the REMOTE mode it can be described as a REMOTE device. When this mode

is started the program query the user for a PER test configuration. It will ask the user to choose

frequency, modulation type, packet length, number of packets to be sent and LNA gain (Only for data

rates ≠2Mpbs). All of these options will be stored in an array called “ack_config”. The joystick (U1)

and button1 (S1) on the SmartRF05EB is used to change and select the different options for the test

configuration.

After the choices have been completed by the user, the program enters the function called

“remote_per_test_setup_mode”. In this function the REMOTE device configures the radio in a default

state (Modulation: GFSK, Data rate: 250kbps, Frequency: 2402 MHz) and starts to listen for “beacon

packets” from a MASTER device. If it receives a beacon packet, the REMOTE device will transmit an

acknowledgement containing the information previously stored in the “ack_config” array. It will repeat

this whole process for 100 ms. If it has not received a beacon packet and transmitted a

acknowledgement within 100 ms, the user is queried with the following message: “No Beacon Signal”.

The user can then chose to retry by pushing button1 on the SmartRF05EB or to set up a new test by

pushing the joystick (U1) up and then pressing button1(S1).

If a beacon packet was received and an acknowledgement was sent the program enters the function

called “remote_per_test_mode”. In this function the REMOTE device go in to a Rx state and

continuously updates the LCD on the SmartRF05EB with the packet error rate, the Received Signal

Strength Indication value (RSSI) and number of good packets received. When the test is finished the

user is presented with the final result. The user can then move the joystick down to access the second

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result screen which contains the number of good packets received, number of packets with CRC error

received and the number of lost packets. If the user pushes button1 (S1) a choice between restarting

the same test again or to set up a new test is presented.

5.2.2.3 Flow Chart

In Figure 2 - Simplified Flow Chart for the CC254x PER Test a simplified flow chart describing the

PER test functionality is presented. Here the reader can see the program flow for the PER test running

on the CC2543EM mounted on a SmartRF05EB. Some minor details of the program are omitted.

Figure 2 - Simplified Flow Chart for the CC254x PER Test

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