Xerox 2000 Manuale utente

Introduction

A new way to look at documents

An overview of the DocuColor 2000 Series Design Guide

1. Digital print 1-1

What is digital print? 1-1

Digital print workflow 1-3

Document creation 1-3

Prepress 1-3

Press 1-5

Postpress 1-5

Correction required? 1-5

What does digital print mean to you? 1-6

Benefits of digital print 1-6

Short runs 1-6

Just-in-time printing 1-7

Distribute and print 1-8

Variable information printing 1-9

Use of colour 1-10

Wrap-up 1-10

2. Image reproduction process 2-1

DocuColor 2000 Series technology 2-1

Printing stations 2-1

Digital Blanket 2-2

BeltNip fuser 2-2

TRACS 2-3

Precise Registration System 2-3

Decurling devices 2-3

Print speeds/productivity 2-3

Image size/paper size 2-5

Screens 2-5

Gamut 2-7

Process colours 2-8

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Table of Contents

3. Designing documents 3-1

Design elements to discuss with your printer 3-1

Paper stock 3-1

Image considerations 3-2

Image area, bleeds and folds 3-4

Specifying colours 3-7

Choice of screens 3-7

Vignettes 3-16

Text 3-17

Solid blacks 3-19

Image mottle 3-19

Knockout, overprint and trapping 3-20

File formats 3-21

Resource collection 3-21

Creating PDFs 3-22

Dot gain 3-23

Design elements to avoid 3-23

Straight design elements close to the edge of the page 3-23

Large areas of solid colour 3-25

Coated stock and large white text on heavy background 3-26

4. Submitting jobs 4-1

Print submission 4-1

Compatible software 4-1

Printing overview 4-2

Print from Microsoft Windows and Apple Macintosh workstations 4-4

Print direct from a Digital Front End 4-10

Submit jobs via a PostScript Downloader Application 4-13

Submit jobs using an Internet browser 4-15

Submission of PDF Files for print 4-17

In summary 4-19

5. Selecting paper stock 5-1

Stock considerations 5-1

Digital printing process 5-1

Paper influences on print quality 5-2

Formation 5-2

Grain direction 5-2

Weight 5-3

Finish 5-3

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DocuColor 2000 series design guide

Why paper doesn’t always work the way it should 5-3

Coated paper and offset 5-3

Coated paper and digital printing 5-3

Moisture and offset 5-4

Moisture and digital printing 5-4

Textured stock and offset 5-4

Textured stock and digital printing 5-4

Thick paper stocks 5-5

Coated papers 5-5

Paper stretch 5-5

Optical paper qualities that influence image quality 5-6

Shade 5-6

Opacity 5-6

Brightness 5-6

Reflectivity 5-7

Paper grades 5-8

Bond 5-8

Uncoated offset 5-9

Text and covers 5-11

Coated offset 5-12

Uncoated digital 5-13

Cover 5-13

Index or Bristol 5-15

Paper handling and storage 5-16

Wrap-up 5-17

6. Binding and finishing 6-1

Collating 6-1

Folding and scoring 6-1

Scoring 6-2

Types of folds 6-2

Binding 6-4

Saddle stitching 6-4

Side stitching 6-4

Edition binding 6-5

Perfect binding 6-5

Mechanical binding 6-6

Looseleaf binding 6-6

Finishing touches 6-7

Trimming 6-7

Die cutting 6-7

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table of contents

Lamination 6-7

Varnish 6-8

Embossing 6-8

Shrink wrapping 6-8

Double-sided printing 6-9

7. Applications by industry 7-1

Financial services 7-1

Consumer products 7-6

Hospitality 7-10

Professional services 7-13

Education 7-15

Health care 7-18

Public sector 7-21

Appendix 1. Microsoft Office colour charts 1

Appendix 2. RGB colour charts 1

Appendix 3. CMYK colour charts 1

Appendix 4. Pantone colour charts 1

Reference 1

Glossary 2

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DocuColor 2000 series design guide

A new way to look at documents

One of the greatest advantages of digital colour applications and systems is that they

allow high-quality colour process printing to be produced in smaller quantities at a

higher frequency, as well as personally tailored printing to optimise customer interaction.

Digital printing technology changes the way we think about and create documents.

Limitless possibilities are now accessible for full-colour, near-offset quality printing

at a reasonable price.

Until recently, highly trained imaging experts working on expensive proprietary systems

typically performed most imaging tasks such as colour enhancement and image

manipulation. New technologies and desktop publishing applications have changed all

that, enabling designers to complete many of these tasks from their desktop computers.

The more knowledgeable you are about the imaging process from document creation to

output, the easier it will be to maximise your results. This guide offers suggestions that

will help you get the most out of your imaging applications when preparing files to

print on a Xerox DocuColor 2045 or 2060 digital colour press.

An overview of the DocuColor 2000 Series Design Guide

The DocuColor 2000 Series Design Guide has been written to provide you with all the

information you need to ensure you get the highest quality printed documents from the

DocuColor 2045 and 2060 with the minimum of fuss – every time. It is divided into

sections for easy reference.

•Section 1 covers the topic of digital print, describing what it is, the workflow, and

the key benefits digital print offers designers and customers. Use this section to

learn more about digital print and what it offers.

•Section 2 details the key attributes of the DocuColor 2000 Series. It examines some

of the technology used and details performance and printing characteristics. Use

this section to learn more about the capabilities of the DocuColor 2045 and 2060.

•Section 3 provides guidance on how to design your documents to get the best

possible results from the DocuColor 2045 and 2060 and avoid design elements that

may cause problems. Use this section as a guide to ensure you design documents

that will result in perfectly printed documents every time.

0 - 1

Introduction

•Section 4 includes information on how to submit jobs to a DocuColor solution,

directly from software applications on Windows or Macintosh personal computers,

over the web, using removable media, or other means. Use this section to make sure

you get the job to the printer trouble-free every time.

•Section 5 describes how to select the right paper to get optimum results from the

DocuColor 2045 and 2060. It includes a guide to all paper grades available in the

market today. Use this section to learn more about paper and to choose the best

paper for the job.

•Section 6 provides information on binding and finishing – the final steps to ensure

a perfect, finished piece. Use this section as a guide to various binding and

finishing options available from your printer.

•Section 7 examines different industry segments and identifies key applications, the

department or person responsible for that application, and the key benefits of using

digital colour print for that application. Use this section as a guide to finding

digital colour applications in different market segments.

•Appendix 1 includes charts of Microsoft Office colours. Use this section as a guide

to how Microsoft Office colours are reproduced on the DocuColor 2045 and 2060.

•Appendix 2 includes charts of RGB colours. Use this section as a guide to see how

RGB colours are reproduced on the DocuColor 2045 and 2060.

•Appendix 3 includes charts of CMYK colours. Use this section as a guide to select

CMYK colours as they are reproduced on the DocuColor 2045 and 2060.

•Appendix 4 includes charts of Pantone colours. Use this section as a guide to see

how Pantone colours are reproduced on the DocuColor 2045 and 2060.

•The Reference section includes references to other documents and material. Use this

section as a reference to find more information on particular topics and issues.

•The Glossary section includes definitions of digital printing terms. Use this section

to check words or abbreviations that may be unfamiliar to you.

If you have any suggestions on how this Design Guide can be improved, please send

your comments to DocuColor[email protected]erox.com.

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DocuColor 2060 design guide

Digital technology has changed many facets of business and industry today.

Computing and communications technology has allowed companies to revolutionise the

manufacturing process – from producing goods and then hoping to sell them, to just-in-

time production, where products are sold first and then manufactured to order, reducing

waste, inventory and cost. It has also allowed them to produce products more in tune

with individual customer’s needs, moving from mass production to mass customisation.

Computing and communications technology has also allowed companies to gain access

to new markets. No longer are they tied to local markets, but instead can compete in

a global market.

Countless examples exist of how digital technology has changed the face of business

across all industries, from agriculture to information technology. Banks, for instance,

still provide banking and lending services, but have closed branches in favour of ATMs,

and internet and phone banking. The music and entertainment industry has seen the

appearance of CDs, DVDs and game boxes, and the disappearance of LPs and cassettes.

Still photography, video and television broadcasting is transitioning to digital. The way

people communicate now is by mobile phone, facsimile and e-mail – instant

communications to anyone anywhere on the planet.

Digital technology has also dramatically changed the nature of the document – a document

today can still be a sheet of paper or book, but is more likely to be an electronic file,

a spreadsheet, presentation, scanned image, or a clip with video and music. Computers,

desktop publishing applications, digital imaging and printers have allowed millions of

people to create documents on their desktop that used to take a team of people weeks

to develop.

Consumers today are more demanding. They know what they want and they’re not prepared

to wait. It’s no different in their demands for print: high quality, cost effective, and now!

What is digital print?

In simple terms, digital print is where information to be printed is submitted electronically

(ie, in digital form) to the printer, where it is imaged and the printed material produced.

There are numerous digital printing technologies available, including inkjet, electro-

photography with dry or liquid toner, thermal transfer, ionography and magnetography.

Even traditional offset presses with direct imaging (or DI) are promoted as “digital presses”.

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1 Digital print

What truly distinguishes digital printing from traditional printing is the ability to print

every page differently. This is something that offset presses – including DI presses – can-

not do. Offset presses can only print exact replicas of the same sheet, again and again.

The digital colour presses that dominate the market now – and for the foreseeable

future – are all toner based. They utilise electrophotography, either with liquid toners

(Indigo), or dry toners (IBM, Kodak-Heidelberg, MAN Roland, Xeikon and Xerox).

The market for colour print can be split into segments defined by run length and

specific applications. The suitability of different printing technologies to these

segments is as follows:

Digital Direct Conventional

colour imaging (or DI) offset

Segment/application printing offset presses printing

One-off and one-at-a-time publications Yes No No

Customised/personalised documents Yes No No

Vert short runs (<500) Yes No No

Short runs (501-2,000) Yes Yes No

Moderate runs (2,001-5,000) No Yes Yes

Long runs (5,001-50,000) No No Yes

Very long runs (50,001+) No No Yes

With the many benefits of digital colour printing (described later in this section), we

are seeing a strong swing toward shorter runs. The table below shows that in 1998, 28%

of all print volume in the US was short run, but in less than 20 years it is expected to

account for almost half of all print volume.

1998 2000 2010 2020

Ultra Short Run (1) 8% 10% 13% 14%

Very Short Run (2-500) 10% 13% 15% 16%

Short Run (501-2,000) 10% 13% 15% 17%

Moderate Short Run (2,001-5,000) 17% 15% 16% 16%

Moderate Run (5,001-10,000) 14% 13% 11% 11%

Average Run (10,001-50,000) 12% 9% 8% 7%

Moderate Long Run (50,001-250,000) 11% 11% 9% 8%

Long Run (250,001-750,000) 9% 7% 6% 5%

Very Long Run (750,000+) 9% 9% 7% 6%

100% 100% 100% 100%

Source: Professor Frank Romano, Graphic Media Briefing, 29 March 2001.

1 – 2

DocuColor 2000 series design guide

Digital print workflow

The entire process for the production of a printed document can be broken-down into

three phases: prepress (which includes all steps after the design is completed up to the

point where the job is printing), press or printing (the printing phase), and postpress or

finishing (all the steps required to finish the job after printing and before distribution).

Digital printing has greatly simplified two of these phases: prepress and press.

For an understanding of how digital printing has streamlined the production of printed

documents, it’s useful to compare it with the workflow associated with traditional offset

printing. The following discussion greatly simplifies the entire production process, but is

sufficient to highlight the major steps involved in each workflow. (See diagram page 1-4)

Document creation

The first step in the production of a printed document requires the creation of a design.

A concept is developed into a layout, followed by the preparation of text (writing,

editing, font selection and typesetting) and artwork and images (which can include

electronic illustrations, scanned photographs, digital camera shots or stock library

images). The document is then ready to be created, generally using a page assembly

program to combine the text and image elements.

Computers, software and digital technologies have already revolutionised the creation of

documents. Typesetting (the assembly of type into words and lines) used to be done by

hand. Illustrations were created by hand and photographs were always film-based. The

assembly of these text and image elements was a manual process, called pasteup, with

the end result being a camera-ready copy. Today, almost all documents are created

electronically, totally eliminating the need for these time-consuming and error-prone

manual processes.

Prepress

Once a document is created, it can be proofed (proofing is a simulation of how the job

will look when it is printed).

If you are having your job printed on a DocuColor 2045 or 2060, you can also run a

proof on the press which will show you how the job will look when it is run. This is

called a “press proof” (because it is proofed on the actual press) and will show you

exactly how the job will look when it’s printed.

If you are printing on a traditional offset press, a proof at this stage will only

approximate what the final result will look like. Fonts may look different (because

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digital print

different RIPs are used) and colours will not match exactly. A proof can be produced on

a digital device (like a DocuColor printer or inkjet or dye sublimation system) or using a

photomechanical system (like Cromalin). The advantage of digital systems is that they

have a lower cost and quicker turnaround, and they better fit the digital workflow most

use today. However, photomechanical systems are still used where film is an important

part of the workflow.

If everything is acceptable with the proof, you can then approve the job and have it

printed. If, on the other hand, changes are required, the design needs to be edited and

the steps above repeated.

If the job is ready and is to be printed on a DocuColor 2045 or 2060, there’s no more to

do – the job can be RIPped and printed.

If the job is to be printed on an offset press, plates need to be produced for the

printing process. Traditionally, this involves the production of film from which the plates

are made. Prior to the introduction of digital solutions, this involved producing

photographic negatives or positives (film) of the camera-ready copy. Today, imagesetters

are used to produce film directly from electronic files. The film is then assembled and

light-sensitive plates (or image carriers) are exposed to visible light, UV radiation or

lasers in a photomechanical process to make the plates.

Newer technologies today allow printers to produce plates or image carriers directly from

electronic files. Called CTP (short for Computer-to-Plate) or DI (short for Direct Imaging

on a press), these technologies are designed to streamline the prepress requirements of

offset presses.

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DocuColor 2000 series design guide

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