Adobe 16001500 - Illustrator CS2 - Mac Manuale utente
1
Adobe®Illustrator®CS2Scripting
GettingStarted with JavaScript®
Introduction
Scripting offers an easy way to manipulate Illustrator files programmatically. You can write scripts to create
documents and objects, and to perform many of the operations that you access interactively in Illustrator,
using the palettes and windows. Scripts are particularly useful as a way to automate day-to-day tasks that
are complex and repetitive. You simply write the script once, and then run it any time you need to
accomplish that task. This saves you both time and the effort of remembering steps and sequences of
operations.
Illustrator CS2supports JavaScript, an easy-to-use, platform-independent scripting language. A JavaScript
program, or script, takes the form of a text file with the .js extension. You can use any text editor to write
your scripts, such as TextEdit, Textpad, or BBEdit.
This overview will help you to become familiar with Illustrator scripting using JavaScript, by walking you
through some example scripts that manipulate objects in Illustrator CS2.
This document assumes that:
●You are familiar with the Illustrator user interface, as described in the Illustrator CS2User Guide.
●You are familiar with JavaScript programming language.
●You have installed Illustrator CS2version 12.0 and an editor to create scripts, such as Textpad or TextEdit.
Executing JavaScript Scripts
To run any script from Illustrator CS2:
1. Choose File>Scripts>Browse.
2. Navigate to your script file.
3. Double-click the file or click Open to run the script.
To make a script available as a menu item under Illustrator’s File>Scripts menu, place the script file in the
directory Adobe Illustrator CS2\Presets\Scripts, then restart Illustrator. Each time you launch
Illustrator, every script found in this location is added as a menu item ,Your script will be listed among the
prebuilt Automation Scripts that are available in this directory.
Accessing and Referencing Objects
When you write a script, you must first decide what file, or document, the script should act on. The script
can create a new document, open an existing document, or act on a document that is already open.
The script can create new objects in the document, operate on objects that the user has selected, or
operate on objects that it finds in one of the object collections. The following examples illustrate various
techniques for accessing, referencing, and manipulating Illustrator objects.
GettingStarted Illustrator JavaScript 2
Example 1: Acting on Selected Objects
When the user makes a selection in a displayed document, the selected objects are stored in the
document’s selection property. To access all selected objects in the active document:
var selectedObjects = app.activeDocument.selection;
Depending on what is selected, the property value can be either an array of art objects or a text string. To
correctly handle the selection, you must first test to see if you have artwork or text. To get or manipulate
the properties of the selected art items, you must retrieve the individual items in the array. For example,
the topmost object is at the zero index in the array:
var topObject = app.activeDocument.selection[0]; // for topmost object
The following example gets all the selected objects and then displays the type names for theselected
items or returns an appropriate message.
1. Open a new blank document in your text editor. For example, in Textpad, choose File>New.
2. Save the document as Example1.js. For example, in Textpad, choose File>Save.
3. Write the initial statements declaring the variables.
//Declare and initialize variables
var msgType = "";
4. This script has to run on objects in a document, so make sure a document is open.
// check if a document is open in Illustrator.
if( app.documents.length > 0)
{
5. If the document is open, get the selected objects.
mySelection = app.activeDocument.selection;
6. Check if there were any objects selected.
if (mySelection.length > 0)
{
7. If there are selected object, use a loop to get their type names from the typename property, and assign
an appropriate message to the msgType variable.
msgType = "Selection items: \n";
for (var i=0; i<mySelection.length; i++)
{
msgType += "\nItem " + i + " typename is: " + mySelection[i].typename;
}
}
If no objects were selected, assign a message to that effect.
else
{
msgType = "Nothing is selected.";
}
}
GettingStarted Illustrator JavaScript 3
8. If no document is open, set the message to reflect that case.
else
{
msgType = "No document Open.";
}
9. Finally, print the message.
alert( msgType );
10. Save the file.
11. Run the script, as described in Executing JavaScript Scripts above.
The alert box appears and shows the types of all the selected items.
Example 2: Acting on All Objects in a Document
This next example shows how to use the the pageItems class to access all the objects in an Illustrator
document, regardless of whether there is a user selection. (For a complete list of objects accessible
through the pageItems Class, see the JavaScript Reference Pg 119.)
This script navigates through all the pageItem objects in the active document and prints their types.
1. Open a new blank document in your text editor, and save it as Example2.js.
2. Declare variables.
var msg = "";
3. Check if a document is open. If it is, get any objects in it.
// Check if a document is open and get all items in it
if ( app.documents.length > 0)
{
var pgItems = app.activeDocument.pageItems;
4. If there are any objects in the array, loop through them to get their types and add them to the message.
// If PageItems exist
if ( pgItems.length > 0 )
{
var msg = 'PageItems in the active document are - ' ;
for ( var i = 0 ; i < pgItems.length ; i++ )
{
msg += '\nItem ' + i + ': ' + pgItems[i].typename ;
}
}
}
Note that you can use either single or double quotes to write strings. Just make sure you close the
string with the same type of quote.
GettingStarted Illustrator JavaScript 4
5. If no document is open, set the message to reflect that case.
else
{
msg = "No document Open.";
}
6. Print the msg.
alert ( msg );
7. Save the file.
To run this example:
1. Launch Illustrator.
2. Open a document with some objects in it or create a document and create some objects in it.
3. Run the script, as described in Executing JavaScript Scripts above.
The alert box appears and shows the types of all the page items.
Example 3: Accessing Objects in Collections
Often you want to access particular objects, or objects of particular types, rather than all items in a page or
selected items. For example, you might want to access and manipulate all graph items or all raster items in
a page. Different types of objects in a document are collected into collection objects for those types. A
collection object contains an array of the objects which you can access by index number or by name.
The following example shows how to access objects from their respective collections
1. Open a new blank document in your text editor, and save it as Example3.js.
2. Get all brushes in the brushes collection in the document.
var myBrushes = app.activeDocument.brushes;
3. All array references are zero-based; that is, the first element of the collection has the index [0]. To access
the first brush in this collection:
var firstBrush = myBrushes[0];
4. To get the total number of objects, use the length property:
alert ( "Total Brushes in this document: " + myBrushes.length ) ;
5. Similarly, let’s access all the graphic styles in a document through the graphicStyles collection object:
var myStyles = app.activeDocument.graphicStyles;
6. If you know the name of an object, you can access it in the collection using the name. Otherwise, you
can use its 0-based index. For example:
var getStyle = myStyles[’Ice Type’];
7. Index of the last style would be myStyles.length-1.
var lastStyle = myStyles[ myStyles.length - 1 ];
GettingStarted Illustrator JavaScript 5
8. Each element in the collection is an object of the desired type, and you can access its properties. To get
an object’s name, for example, use the name property:
var styleName = lastStyle.name;
9. To apply lastStyle to the first pageItem in the document, use its applyTo method:
lastStyle.applyTo( app.activeDocument.pageItems[0] );
10. To reference the first pathItem in the active document use the pathItems collection:
pathRef = app.activeDocument.pathItems[0];
11. A pathItem is made up of path points. Hence to access the points in the pathRef object:
pathRefPoints = pathRef.pathPoints;
a. To get the type of the point use the pointType property:
alert ( pathRefPoints[0].pointType );
12. Save the file.
13. Run the script, as described in Executing JavaScript Scripts above.
The alert boxes appear with total number of brushes and the pathItem’s PointType and and lastStyle is
applied to the first pageItem in the document.
You can use this technique to access raster items, groups, items within a group, gradients, colors,
textFrames, and other object types in a document and manipulate them needed.
Example 4: Creating New Objects
You can use a script to create new documents, and new objects, rather than accessing any existing
documents or objects. This script does not have to check whether a document is open and objects are
present, because it creates a new blank document and creates some objects in it.
This simple example creates some basic shapes in the first layer of the frontmost document and applies a
random graphic style to it. Each shape is defined by new pathItem objects.
1. Open a new blank document in your text editor, and save it as Example3.js.
2. Create a new blank Illustrator document.
// open a new blank document
var thisDoc = app.documents.add();
3. Create a new layer.
// add a new layer
var artLayer = thisDoc.layers.add();
4. Set the default stroke and fill settings for all the objects using the app object (the Illustrator
Application object that contains all other Illustrator objects).
// default stroke and fill settings
app.defaultStroked = true;
app.defaultFilled = true;
GettingStarted Illustrator JavaScript 6
5. Create a rectangle using the rectangle method of the pathItems object. Pass parameters for
position, width, and height of the rectangle. (For details on these parameters see the pathItems
object in the JavaScript Reference .)
// Create different pathItem objects
var rect = artLayer.pathItems.rectangle( 762.5, 87.5, 425.0, 75.0 );
6. Create a rounded rectangle.
var rndRect = artLayer.pathItems.roundedRectangle( 637.5, 87.5, 425.0,
75.0, 20.0, 10.0 );
7. Create an ellipse.
// Create ellipse, 'reversed' == false, 'inscribed' == true
var ellipse = artLayer.pathItems.ellipse( 512.5, 87.5, 425.0,
75.0, false, true );
8. Create an octagon.
// Create octagon, an 8-sided polygon
var octagon = artLayer.pathItems.polygon( 300.0, 325.0, 75.0, 8 );
9. Create a star with four points.
// Create a 4 point star
var star = artLayer.pathItems.star( 300.0, 125.0, 100.0, 20.0, 4 );
10. So far, the objects we have created simply use the default stroke and fill we set in the app object. Now
we will access the new objects using the pathItems collection, and apply some random graphic
styles to them.
// Apply random graphic style to all the pathItem objects in this document
for ( i = 0; i < artLayer.pathItems.length; i++ )
{
// Obtain a random graphic style number
styleIndex = Math.round( Math.random() * ( thisDoc.graphicStyles.length -
1 ) );
// apply the graphic style at the random index position
thisDoc.graphicStyles[styleIndex].applyTo( artLayer.pathItems[i] );
}
11. Save the file.
12. Run the script, as described in Executing JavaScript Scripts above.
The objects are created with different graphic styles.
Congratulations! You have now written four JavaScripts for Illustrator. There are more scripts available in
the Adobe Technical Info > Scripting > Sample Scripts > JavaScript folder as part of
the Illustrator SDK on the CD.
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