Apogee Instruments SQ-214 Manuale utente

APOGEE INSTRUMENTS, INC. | 721 WEST 1800 NORTH, LOGAN, UTAH 84321, USA

TEL: (435) 792-4700 | FAX: (435) 787-8268 | WEB: APOGEEINSTRUMENTS.COM

OWNER’S MANUAL

QUANTUM SENSOR

Models SQ-214 and SQ-224

Rev: 28-Oct-2020

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Owner’s Manual ............................................................................................................................................................................... 1

Certificate of Compliance......................................................................................................................................................... 3

Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................. 4

Sensor Models ......................................................................................................................................................................... 5

Specifications ........................................................................................................................................................................... 6

Deployment and Installation.................................................................................................................................................... 9

Cable Connectors................................................................................................................................................................... 10

Operation and Measurement ................................................................................................................................................ 11

Maintenance and Recalibration............................................................................................................................................. 17

Troubleshooting and Customer Support................................................................................................................................ 19

Return and Warranty Policy................................................................................................................................................... 20

CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE

EU Declaration of Conformity

This declaration of conformity is issued under the sole responsibility of the manufacturer:

Apogee Instruments, Inc.

721 W 1800 N

Logan, Utah 84321

USA

for the following product(s):

Models: SQ-214, SQ-224

Type: Quantum Sensor

The object of the declaration described above is in conformity with the relevant Union harmonization legislation:

2014/30/EU Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Directive

2011/65/EU Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS 2) Directive

2015/863/EU Amending Annex II to Directive 2011/65/EU (RoHS 3)

Standards referenced during compliance assessment:

EN 61326-1:2013 Electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use –EMC requirements

EN 50581:2012 Technical documentation for the assessment of electrical and electronic products with respect to

the restriction of hazardous substances

Please be advised that based on the information available to us from our raw material suppliers, the products

manufactured by us do not contain, as intentional additives, any of the restricted materials including lead (see

note below), mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls (PBB), polybrominated

diphenyls (PBDE), bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and

diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP). However, please note that articles containing greater than 0.1% lead concentration are

RoHS 3 compliant using exemption 6c.

Further note that Apogee Instruments does not specifically run any analysis on our raw materials or end products

for the presence of these substances, but rely on the information provided to us by our material suppliers.

Signed for and on behalf of:

Apogee Instruments, October 2020

Bruce Bugbee

President

Apogee Instruments, Inc.

INTRODUCTION

Radiation that drives photosynthesis is called photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and is typically defined as

total radiation across a range of 400 to 700 nm. PAR is almost universally quantified as photosynthetic photon flux

density (PPFD), the sum of photons from 400 to 700 nm in units of micromoles per square meter per second (µmol

m-2 s-1, equal to microEinsteins m-2 s-1). While microEinsteins and micromoles are equal (one Einstein = one mole of

photons), the Einstein is not an SI unit, so expressing PPFD as µmol m-2 s-1 is preferred. Daily total PPFD is typically

reported in units of moles of photons per square meter per day (mol m-2 d-1) and is often called daily light integral

(DLI).

The acronym PPF is also used and refers to the photosynthetic photon flux. The acronyms PPF and PPFD refer to

the same variable. Both terms are used because there is not a universal definition of the term flux. Flux is

sometimes defined as per unit area per unit time and sometimes defined as per unit time only. PPFD is used in this

manual.

Sensors that measure PPFD are often called quantum sensors due to the quantized nature of radiation. A quantum

refers to the minimum quantity of radiation, one photon, involved in physical interactions (e.g., absorption by

photosynthetic pigments). In other words, one photon is a single quantum of radiation.

Typical applications of quantum sensors include measurement of incident PPFD on plant canopies in outdoor

environments or in greenhouses and growth chambers, and reflected or under-canopy (transmitted) PPFD

measurement in the same environments.

Apogee Instruments SQ-100 and SQ-300 series quantum sensors consist of a cast acrylic diffuser (filter),

photodiode, and signal processing circuitry mounted in an anodized aluminum housing, and a cable to connect the

sensor to a measurement device. Sensors are potted solid with no internal air space, and are designed for

continuous PPFD measurement in indoor or outdoor environments. SQ series sensors output an analog signal that

is directly proportional to PPFD under sunlight (e.g., model SQ-214) or electric lights (e.g., model SQ-224). The

analog signal from the sensor is directly proportional to radiation incident on a planar surface (does not have to be

horizontal), where the radiation emanates from all angles of a hemisphere.

SENSOR MODELS

This manual covers the amplified analog output quantum sensors models SQ-214 and SQ-224 (listed in bold

below). Additional models are covered in their respective manuals.

Model

Signal

Calibration

SQ-214

4-20 mA

Sunlight

SQ-224

4-20 mA

Electric light

SQ-110

0-800 mV

Sunlight

SQ-120

0-800 mV

Electric light

SQ-212

0-2.5 V

Sunlight

SQ-222

0-2.5 V

Electric light

SQ-215

0-5 V

Sunlight

SQ-225

0-5 V

Electric light

SQ-311

0-800 mV

Sunlight

SQ-321

0-800 mV

Electric light

SQ-313

0-800 mV

Sunlight

SQ-323

0-800 mV

Electric light

SQ-316

0-800 mV

Sunlight

SQ-326

0-800 mV

Electric light

SQ-420

USB

Sunlight and Electric light

SQ-421

SDI-12

Sunlight and Electric light

SQ-422

Modbus

Sunlight and Electric light

Serial Numbers 10054 (SQ-214), 9914 (SQ-224)

and above: Sensor model number and serial

number are located on the bottom of the sensor.

If you need the manufacturing date of your

sensor, please contact Apogee Instruments with

the serial number of your sensor.

Serial Number 0-10053 (SQ-214), 9913 (SQ-224):

Sensor model number and serial number are

located near the pigtail leads on the sensor

cable. If you need the manufacturing date of

your sensor, please contact Apogee Instruments

with the serial number of your sensor.

SPECIFICATIONS

Calibration Traceability

Apogee SQ series quantum sensors are calibrated through side-by-side comparison to the mean of transfer

standard quantum sensors under a reference lamp. The reference quantum sensors are recalibrated with a 200 W

quartz halogen lamp traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).

SQ-214/SQ-224-SS

Power Supply

7 to 24 V DC with a maximum current draw 22 mA (2 mA quiescent current draw)

Sensitivity

0.004 mA per µmol m-2 s-1

Calibration Factor

250 µmol m-2 s-1 per mA (reciprocal of sensitivity)

Calibration Uncertainty

± 5 % (see calibration Traceability below)

Calibrated Output Range

4 to 20 mA

Measurement

Repeatability

Less than 0.5 %

Long-term Drift

(Non-stability)

Less than 2 % per year

Non-linearity

Less than 1 % (up to 4000 µmol m-2 s-1; maximum PPFD measurement is 4000 µmol m-2 s-1

Response Time

Less than 1 ms

Field of View

180°

Spectral Range

410 to 655 nm (wavelengths where response is greater than 50 % of maximum;

see Spectral Response below)

Spectral Selectivity

Less than 10 % from 469 to 655 nm

Directional (Cosine)

Response

± 5 % at 75° zenith angle (see Cosine Response below)

Temperature Response

0.06 ± 0.06 % per C (see Temperature Response below)

Operating Environment

-40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity; can be submerged in water up to depths of 30 m

Dimensions

Serial # 10054 (SQ-214),

9914 (SQ-224) and above

30.5 mm diameter, 37 mm height

Dimensions

Serial # 0-10053 (SQ-

214), 9913 (SQ-224)

24 mm diameter, 33 mm height

Mass (with 5 m cable)

Serial # 10054 (SQ-214),

9914 (SQ-224)and above

140 g

Mass (with 5 m cable)

Serial # 0-10053 (SQ-

214), 9913 (SQ-224)

90 g

Cable

5 m of four conductor, shielded, twisted-pair wire; TPR jacket; pigtail lead wires; stainless steel

(316), M8 connector

Spectral Response

Temperature Response

Mean temperature response of eight

SQ-100 series quantum sensors (errors

bars represent two standard deviations

above and below mean). Temperature

response measurements were made at 10

C intervals across a temperature range of

approximately -10 to 40 C in a

temperature controlled chamber under a

fixed, broad spectrum, electric lamp. At

each temperature set point, a

spectroradiometer was used to measure

light intensity from the lamp and all

quantum sensors were compared to the

spectroradiometer. The

spectroradiometer was mounted external

to the temperature control chamber and

remained at room temperature during the

experiment.

Mean spectral response of six SQ-100

series quantum sensors (error bars

represent two standard deviations

above and below mean) compared to

defined plant response to photons.

Spectral response measurements were

made at 10 nm increments across a

wavelength range of 300 to 800 nm with a

monochromator and an attached electric

light source. Measured spectral data from

each quantum sensor were normalized by

the measured spectral response of the

monochromator/electric light

combination, which was measured with a

spectroradiometer.

Cosine Response

Mean directional (cosine) response

of six apogee SQ-100 series

quantum sensors. Directional

response measurements were

made on the rooftop of the Apogee

building in Logan, Utah. Directional

response was calculated as the

relative difference of SQ-500

quantum sensors from the mean of

replicate reference quantum

sensors (LI-COR models LI-190 and

LI-190R, Kipp & Zonen model PQS

1). Data were also collected in the

laboratory using a reference lamp

and positioning the sensor at

varying angles.

Directional (cosine) response is defined as the

measurement error at a specific angle of radiation

incidence. Error for Apogee SQ-100 series quantum

sensors is approximately ± 2 % and ± 5 % at solar

zenith angles of 45° and 75°, respectively.

DEPLOYMENT AND INSTALLATION

Mount the sensor to a solid surface with the nylon mounting screw provided. To accurately measure PPFD incident

on a horizontal surface, the sensor must be level. An Apogee Instruments model AL-100 Leveling Plate is

recommended to level the sensor when used on a flat surface or being mounted to surfaces such as wood. To

facilitate mounting on a mast or pipe, the Apogee Instruments model AL-120 Solar Mounting Bracket with Leveling

Plate is recommended.

To minimize azimuth error, the sensor should be mounted with the cable pointing toward true north in the

northern hemisphere or true south in the southern hemisphere. Azimuth error is typically less than 1 %, but it is

easy to minimize by proper cable orientation.

In addition to orienting the cable to point toward the nearest pole, the sensor should also be mounted such that

obstructions (e.g., weather station tripod/tower or other instrumentation) do not shade the sensor. Once

mounted, the green cap should be removed from the sensor. The green cap can be used as a protective covering

for the sensor when it is not in use.

Nylon Screw: 10-32x3/8

Model AL-100

Model AL-120

Important: Only use the nylon screw provided

when mounting to insulate the non-anodized

threads of the aluminum sensor head from the

base to help prevent galvanic corrosion. For

extended submersion applications, more insulation

may be necessary. Contact Apogee tech support for

details.

CABLE CONNECTORS

Apogee started offering cable connectors on some

bare-lead sensors in March 2018 to simplify the

process of removing sensors from weather stations

for calibration (the entire cable does not have to be

removed from the station and shipped with the

sensor).

The ruggedized M8 connectors are rated IP68, made

of corrosion-resistant marine-grade stainless-steel,

and designed for extended use in harsh

environmental conditions.

Cable connectors are attached directly to the head.

Instructions

Pins and Wiring Colors: All Apogee connectors have

six pins, but not all pins are used for every sensor.

There may also be unused wire colors inside the cable.

To simplify connection to a measurement device, the

unused pigtail lead wire colors are removed.

If a replacement cable is required, please contact

Apogee directly to ensure ordering the proper pigtail

configuration.

Alignment: When reconnecting a sensor, arrows on

the connector jacket and an aligning notch ensure

proper orientation.

Disconnection for extended periods: When

disconnecting the sensor for an extended period of

time from a station, protect the remaining half of the

connector still on the station from water and dirt with

electrical tape or other method.

A reference notch inside the connector ensures

proper alignment before tightening.

When sending sensors in for calibration, only send the

sensor head.

Tightening: Connectors are designed to be firmly

finger-tightened only. There is an o-ring inside the

connector that can be overly compressed if a wrench is

used. Pay attention to thread alignment to avoid cross-

threading. When fully tightened, 1-2 threads may still

be visible.

WARNING: Do not tighten the connector by twisting

the black cable or sensor head, only twist the metal

connector (yellow arrows).

Finger-tighten firmly

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