Apogee Instruments SU-100 Manuale utente

APOGEE INSTRUMENTS, INC. | 721 WEST 1800 NORTH, LOGAN, UTAH 84321, USA

TEL: (435) 792-4700 | FAX: (435) 787-8268 | WEB: APOGEEINSTRUMENTS.COM

OWNER’S MANUAL

ULTRAVIOLET SENSOR

Model SU-100

(including SS model)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Owner’s Manual ............................................................................................................................................................................... 1

Certificate of Compliance......................................................................................................................................................... 3

Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................. 4

Sensor Models ......................................................................................................................................................................... 5

Specifications ........................................................................................................................................................................... 6

Deployment and Installation.................................................................................................................................................... 7

Cable Connectors..................................................................................................................................................................... 8

Operation and Measurement .................................................................................................................................................. 9

Maintenance and Recalibration............................................................................................................................................. 12

Troubleshooting and Customer Support................................................................................................................................ 14

Return and Warranty Policy................................................................................................................................................... 15

CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE

EU Declaration of Conformity

This declaration of conformity is issued under the sole responsibility of the manufacturer:

Apogee Instruments, Inc.

721 W 1800 N

Logan, Utah 84321

USA

for the following product(s):

Models: SU-100

Type: Ultraviolet Sensor

The object of the declaration described above is in conformity with the relevant Union harmonization legislation:

2014/30/EU Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Directive

2011/65/EU Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS 2) Directive

2015/863/EU Amending Annex II to Directive 2011/65/EU (RoHS 3)

Standards referenced during compliance assessment:

EN 61326-1:2013 Electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use –EMC requirements

EN 50581:2012 Technical documentation for the assessment of electrical and electronic products with respect to

the restriction of hazardous substances

Please be advised that based on the information available to us from our raw material suppliers, the products

manufactured by us do not contain, as intentional additives, any of the restricted materials including lead (see

note below), mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls (PBB), polybrominated

diphenyls (PBDE), bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and

diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP). However, please note that articles containing greater than 0.1% lead concentration are

RoHS 3 compliant using exemption 6c.

Further note that Apogee Instruments does not specifically run any analysis on our raw materials or end products

for the presence of these substances, but rely on the information provided to us by our material suppliers.

Signed for and on behalf of:

Apogee Instruments, October 2019

Bruce Bugbee

President

Apogee Instruments, Inc.

INTRODUCTION

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation constitutes a portion of the electromagnetic spectrum from 100 to 400 nm, and is further

subdivided into three wavelength ranges: UV-A (315 to 400 nm), UV-B (280 to 315 nm) and UV-C (100 to 280 nm).

Much of the UV-B and all of the UV-C wavelengths from the sun are absorbed by the Earth’s atmosphere. There

are also many artificial UV light sources available that output a select wavelength range or offer a broadband UV

radiation source.

Most UV sensors designed for sunlight measurements are sensitive to UV radiation in the UV-A and UV-B ranges.

Apogee Instruments SU-100 UV sensors detect UV radiation from 250 to 400 nm and are calibrated in photon flux

units of micromoles per square meter per second (µmol m-2 s-1). The output can also be expressed in energy flux

units of watts per square meter (W m-2, equal to Joules per second per square meter).

Typical applications of UV sensors include incoming UV radiation measurement in outdoor environments (not

recommended for continuous outdoor deployment) or in laboratory use with artificial light sources (e.g.,

germicidal lamps).

Apogee Instruments SU-100 UV sensors consist of a photodiode and signal processing circuitry mounted in an

anodized aluminum housing, and a cable to connect the sensor to a measurement device. Sensors are potted solid

with no internal air space, and are designed for UV radiation measurement in indoor or outdoor environments.

The SU-100 outputs an analog voltage that is directly proportional to UV radiation incident on a planar surface

(does not have to be horizontal), where the radiation emanates from all angles of a hemisphere.

Sensor model number and serial number are

located near the pigtail leads on the sensor cable.

If you need the manufacturing date of your sensor,

please contact Apogee Instruments with the serial

number of your sensor.

SENSOR MODELS

The SU-100 UV sensor is the only stand-alone UV sensor offered by Apogee Instruments. Additional models are

covered in their respective manuals.

Model

Signal

SU-100

Self-powered

SU-420

USB

SPECIFICATIONS

Calibration Traceability

Apogee SU-100 UV sensors are calibrated through side-by-side comparison to the mean of three Apogee model

SU-100 transfer standard UV sensors under high intensity discharge metal halide lamps. The transfer standard UV

sensors are calibrated through side-by-side comparison to an Apogee model PS-200 spectroradiometer under

sunlight (clear sky conditions) in Logan, Utah. The PS-200 is calibrated with a LI-COR model 1800-02 Optical

Radiation Calibrator using a 200 W quartz halogen lamp. The 1800-02 and quartz halogen lamp are traceable to

the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).

Spectral Response

SU-100

Sensitivity

0.2 mV per µmol m-2 s-1; 0.61 mV per W m-2

Calibration Factor

(reciprocal of sensitivity)

5 µmol m-2 s-1 per mV; 1.65 W m-2 per mV

Calibration Uncertainty

± 10 % (see Calibration Traceability below)

Measurement

Repeatability

Less than 1 %

Non-stability

(Long-term Drift)

Less than 3 % per year

Non-linearity

Less than 1 % (up to 300 µmol m-2 s-1)

Response Time

Less than 1 ms

Field of View

180º

Spectral Range

250 nm to 400 nm (see Spectral Response below)

Directional (Cosine)

Response

± 10 % at 75º zenith angle

Temperature Response

Approximately 0.1 % per C

Operating Environment

-40 to 70 C; 0 to 100 % relative humidity

Dimension

24 mm diameter; 28 mm height

Mass

75 g (with 5 m of lead wire)

Cable

5 m of two conductor, shielded, twisted-pair wire; additional cable available in multiples of 5

m; TPR jacket (high water resistance, high UV stability, flexibility in cold conditions); pigtail lead

wires

Spectral response estimate of Apogee

SU-100 UV sensors. Spectral response

measurements were made at 10 nm

increments across a wavelength range

of 200 to 450 nm in a monochromator

with an attached electric light source.

Measured spectral data were

normalized at 350 nm.

DEPLOYMENT AND INSTALLATION

Mount the sensor to a solid surface with the nylon mounting screw provided. To accurately measure PPFD incident

on a horizontal surface, the sensor must be level. An Apogee Instruments model AL-100 Leveling Plate is

recommended to level the sensor when used on a flat surface or being mounted to surfaces such as wood. To

facilitate mounting on a mast or pipe, the Apogee Instruments model AL-120 Solar Mounting Bracket with Leveling

Plate is recommended.

To minimize azimuth error, the sensor should be mounted with the cable pointing toward true north in the

northern hemisphere or true south in the southern hemisphere. Azimuth error is typically less than 1 %, but it is

easy to minimize by proper cable orientation.

In addition to orienting the cable to point toward the nearest pole, the sensor should also be mounted such that

obstructions (e.g., weather station tripod/tower or other instrumentation) do not shade the sensor. Once

mounted, the green cap should be removed from the sensor. The green cap can be used as a protective covering

for the sensor when it is not in use.

Nylon Screw: 10-32x3/8

Model AL-100

Model AL-120

Nylon Screw: 10-32x3/8

CABLE CONNECTORS

Apogee started offering in-line cable connectors on

some bare-lead sensors in March 2018 to simplify the

process of removing sensors from weather stations for

calibration (the entire cable does not have to be

removed from the station and shipped with the sensor).

The ruggedized M8 connectors are rated IP68, made of

corrosion-resistant marine-grade stainless-steel, and

designed for extended use in harsh environmental

conditions.

Inline cable connectors are installed 30 cm from the

head

(pyranometer pictured)

Instructions

Pins and Wiring Colors: All Apogee connectors have six

pins, but not all pins are used for every sensor. There

may also be unused wire colors inside the cable. To

simplify datalogger connection, we remove the unused

pigtail lead colors at the datalogger end of the cable.

If you ever need a replacement cable, please contact us

directly to ensure ordering the proper pigtail

configuration.

Alignment: When reconnecting your sensor, arrows on

the connector jacket and an aligning notch ensure

proper orientation.

Disconnection for extended periods: When

disconnecting the sensor for an extended period of time

from a station, protect the remaining half of the

connector still on the station from water and dirt with

electrical tape or other method.

A reference notch inside the connector ensures

proper alignment before tightening.

When sending sensors in for calibration, only send the

short end of the cable and half the connector.

Tightening: Connectors are designed to be firmly

finger-tightened only. There is an O-ring inside the

connector that can be overly compressed if a wrench is

used. Pay attention to thread alignment to avoid cross-

threading. When fully tightened, 1-2 threads may still

be visible.

Finger-tighten firmly

OPERATION AND MEASUREMENT

Connect the sensor to a measurement device (meter, datalogger, controller) capable of measuring and displaying

or recording a millivolt signal (an input measurement range of approximately 0-40 mV is required to cover the

entire range of UV from the sun). In order to maximize measurement resolution and signal-to-noise ratio, the input

range of the measurement device should closely match the output range of the UV sensor. DO NOT connect the

sensor to a power source. The sensor is self-powered and applying voltage will damage the sensor.

VERY IMPORTANT: Apogee changed all wiring colors of our bare-lead sensors in March 2018 in conjunction

with the release of inline cable connectors on some sensors. To ensure proper connection to your data device,

please note your serial number or if your sensor has a stainless-steel connector 30 cm from the sensor head then

use the appropriate wiring configuration below.

Wiring for SU-100 Serial Numbers 2482 and above or with a cable connector

Wiring for SU-100 Serial Numbers range 0-2481

Red: Positive (signal from sensor)

Black: Negative (signal from sensor)

Clear: Shield/Ground

Black: Negative (signal from sensor)

Clear: Shield/Ground

White: Positive (signal from sensor)

Sensor Calibration

The SU-100 has a standard UV calibration factor of exactly:

5.0 µmol m-2 s-1 per mV

Multiply this calibration factor by the measured mV signal to convert sensor output to UV in units of µmol m-2 s-1:

Calibration Factor (5.0 µmol m-2 s-1 per mV) * Sensor Output Signal (mV) = UV (µmol m-2 s-1)

5.0 * 35 = 175

UV-B Measurements and Spectral Errors

Apogee Instruments model SU-100 UV Sensors measure ultraviolet radiation between 250 and 400 nm in

micromoles of photons per square meter per second. Although the UV radiation between 280 and 315 nm (UV-B)

is critically important in photochemical and photobiological reactions, less than 3 % of the UV photons are in this

range. Because only a small fraction of the photons are in the UV-B range, the SU-100 cannot be used to selectively

measure UV-B radiation. The SU-100 is sensitive to UV-B radiation, but it is included with the UV-A radiation to

provide a total measurement of UV radiation.

In addition to naturally occurring UV radiation from the sun, there are many electric light sources that emit UV

radiation (e.g., cool white fluorescent, metal halide, mercury arc, and germicidal lamps). Although the relative

wavelengths of UV radiation differ among sunlight and electric lights, the error estimates shown in the table below

indicate that the SU-100 provides reasonable estimates of UV radiation coming from electric lamps (table provides

spectral error estimates for UV radiation measurements from radiation sources other than clear sky solar

radiation). For common lamps, the error is less than 10 %. The SU-100 is particularly useful for determining the UV

filtering capacity of the transparent plastic and glass barriers that are commonly used below electric lamps.

Example of UV measurement with an Apogee UV sensor. Full

sunlight yields UV radiation on a horizontal plane at the

Earth’s surface of approximately 175 µmol m-2 s-1. This yields

an output signal of 35 mV. The signal is converted to UV

radiation by multiplying by the calibration factor of 5.0 µmol

m-2 s-1 per mV.

Full Sunlight

175 µmol m-2 s-1

Sensor Output

35 mV

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