DanVex DEH-900i Manuale utente
DanVex DEH-900i
DanVex DEH-1200i
Dehumidifiers
Operation manual
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Operation instructions
Please read these instructions carefully before installing / operating this unit!
Our warranty becomes null and void in case of the unit improper operation, installation or
maintenance or in case of the supplied unit modification without prior consent from our part.
Design is subject to changes!
2
Air dehumidification
The processes that take place during dehumidification are based on physical laws. We will try
to illustrate them here in a simplified form to give you a general idea of dehumidification
principles.
Attention!!! These units cannot be used for air cooling!!!
Use of DanVex dehumidifier
· Despite of windows and doors insulation quality, damp and moisture can penetrate
even through thick concrete walls.
· It can take 1-2 months for the water used for construction (concrete works,
whitewashing, plasterworks etc.) to dry out.
· The moisture that has penetrated masonry following high water or flooding is released
very slowly.
· Damping of materials diring storage in moist unheated premises.
The moisture escaping from building elements or materials by evaporation is absorbed by the
ambient air. Thus, this increases the air humidity and ultimately results in corrosion, mould,
rot, peeling of paint coatings and other unwanted damages.
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The below diagram shows an example of metal corrosion rate at different air humidity levels.
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As you can see on the graph the rate of corrosion is insignificant at the relative humidity (RH)
below 50%, and it can be disregarded at RH below 40%. But at the relative humidity above
60% the rate of corrosion increases considerably.
This moisture damage example applies also to many other materials, such as powders,
packaging, wood, electric equipment or electronic devices.
There are two different ways of achieving required humidity in a building being dried out:
1. By heating with further air exchange:
The ambient air is heated to absorb the moisture and then it is discharged to the atmosphere.
However the total energy output is lost during the moist air discharging to outside.
2. By the air dehumidification:
The moist air in an enclosed room is continuously dehumidified by the condensation principle
or by other dehumidification method.
In terms of energy consumption the air dehumidification has one essential advantage:
the energy expenditure requirements are limited by the air volume in the existing room
only.
The heat generated during the air dehumidification process (heat of condensation) slightly
increases the air temperature in the room.
When properly used the dehumidifier consumes about 25% of the energy that would be
needed for the „heating and ventilation".
The relative and absolute air humidity
1 m3 of dry air weighs about 1,2 kg at 20° C.
The ambient air is a gas mixture that always contains a certain amount of water in the form of
water vapor. The maximum water vapor content in the air (moisture content of the saturated
air) depends on its temperature and pressure.
020 40 60 80 100
30
60
90
120
0
Air relative humidity, %
Corrosion time
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The absolute humidity is understood to be the water content in the dry air unit volume and is
expressed in grams (g) of the water per a kilogram (kg) of the dry air.
The relative humidity is understood to be the ratio between the water percent currently
contained in the dry air and the maximum possible water content at certain temperature and
pressure and is expressed in percents (%).
When the air absorbs the maximum possible water volume the air becomes "saturated" and
the relative humidity becomes 100%.
The ability of air to absorb water vapor increases with temperature increasing. This
means that the maximum (absolute) water content increases with temperature
increasing.
Water vapor condensation
The maximum water vapor volume that can be absorbed increases when the air is heated,
but the water vapor content remains however the same and this results in relative humidity
reduction.
In contrast, when the air is cooled, the maximum water vapor volume that can be absorbed
continuously reduces, the water vapor volume contained in the air remains however the same
and the relative humidity increases.
If the air temperature falling continues the capacity to absorb the water vapor volume is
continuously reduced until the air becomes saturated which is equal to the maximum water
vapor content in the air. This temperature is called the dew-point temperature.
When the air is cooled below the dew-point temperature, the water vapor content becomes
higher than the maximum possible water vapor content.
Excess water vapor displacement starts. The vapor condenses to water and thus is removed
from the air.
A misted window glass in winter or a misted bottle with a cold drink are common
examples of condensing.
The higher the relative air humidity the higher is the dew-point temperature,
and thus it is easier to fall below the dew-point temperature.
-5
+10
+15
+20
+25
+30
1,3
3,8
5,1
6,9
9,2
12,9
1,9
5,6
7,7
10,4
13,8
18,2
2,6
7,5
10,2
13,8
18,4
24,3
3,3
9,4
12,8
17,3
23,0
30,3
40% 60% 80% 100%
3
Water vapor content in g/m in the air at the
humidity of
Temp. °C
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Drying materials
Building materials/structures can absorb considerable amounts of water, e.g. bricks can
absorb 90-190 l/m3, heavy concrete can absorb 140-190 l/m3, sand-lime bricks can absorb
180-270 l/m3.
Wet materials such as masonry are dried as follows:
· The moisture contained in the material moves from within the material to the
wall surface.
· Evaporation takes place on the surface, i.e. water vapor is absorbed by the
ambient air.
· The air enriched with water vapor continuously circulates through the aie dehumidifier.
It is dehumidified and leaves the unit being slightly heated to absorb the moisture
again.
· In this way, the moisture content in the material
is continuously reduced and the material dries.
Diagram of the air condition during its circulation through the dehumidifier
The air flow is cooled on the way through the "evaporator-condenser" system till its
temperature is below the dew point. Water vapor condenses, it is collected in a condensate
trap inside the unit. The collected moisture is discharged in the form of water.
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Heat of condensation
The energy transferred from the condenser to the air consists of:
· The heat earlier transferred from the evaporator.
· Useful electrical power
· The heat of condensation released through the condensation of water vapor.
When liquid turns into a gaseous state, the energy should flow in reverse i.e. from liquid to
gas. This energy is called the heat of evaporation. It does not cause any rise of temperature,
it is only necessary for the change from a liquid to a gaseous state. Vice versa, the energy is
released when gas turns into liquid, such energy is called heat of condensation.
The heat generated at condensation and evaporation and is identical.
Evaporator Condenser
Air
temperature
Dry air
Humidity
time
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For water this is 2250kJ/kg (4.18kJ = 1kcal)
This shows that a relatively large amount of energy is released in the process of water vapor
condensation.
If the moisture to be condensed is not generated at evaporation in the room but is introduced
from outside, e.g. via ventilation, the heat of condensation released in the process will be
used for the room heating.
If it is required to dry materials or rooms the heat energy circulates, i.e. it is consumed during
evaporation and is released during condensation. A large amount of heat energy is generated
at the supplied air dehumidification process, which results in a rise of temperature.
The time necessary for drying of building structures does not depend on the dehumidifying
unit capacity, but is determined by the rate at which the material or the building elements
release the moisture they contain.
Safety Instructions
Prior to delivery the units are subject to comprehensive testing of their materials, functional
capabilities and quality.
However hazards can arise if the unit is operated by untrained persons unfamiliar with its
operation principles or in case the unit is not used for the intended purpose.
The following safety instructions must be observed:
· It is prohibited to install or operate the units in the locations subject to explosion
hazard.
· It is prohibited to install or operate the units in the locations with oil, sulphur, chlorine or
salt containing atmospheres.
· The units must be installed upright.
· It is prohibited to use a direct jet of water for the unit washing.
· It is prohibited to cover the air inlet and outlet holes.
· The intake side of the unit must be free of dirt and loose objects.
· It is prohibited to insert objects in the unit.
· It is prohibited to cover or transport the unit during operation.
· All electric cables outside the unit must be protected against damage (e.g. from
animals etc.).
· It is necessary to insure that all cables meet the requirements for capacity, length and
purpose.
· The unit must only be transported in vertical condition. The condensate containers
must be drained prior to each transportation of the unit.
· It is prohibited to use the unit for purposes other than intended or not specified in this
operations instructions.
In case the requirements are not observed our company disclaims any liability and out
warranty becomes null and void.
Only authorized personnel is permitted to perform works on cooling and
electrical system!
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Unit description
The unit is designed for automated and trouble-free air dehumidification.
The unit operates on condensation principle. It is equipped with a closed loop cooling system,
low noise and low maintenance fan and with a power cable with a plug.
The unit's control panel is equipped with a LCD display used for the system functional checks.
A fully automated unit control system, a trouble-free regulated humidistat, an integrated
overflow system with direct condensation discharge through a flexible hose connection
assure fail safe and long-term operation of the unit.
The unit complies with the fundamental safety and health requirements of the existing EU
regulations.
The unit is easy and safe to operate.
Dehumidifier operation
The fan intakes moist air through air intake grill located at the front of the dehumidifier
equipped with an air filter. Than the air flows through evaporator and condenser located in the
dehumidifier body. While passing through a "cold" evaporator is cooled to below the dew
point. The water vapor contained in the air deposits as condensate or frost on the evaporator
fins in the form of water (frost).
7
Hot heat exchanger
(condenser)
Cold heat exchanger
(evaporator)
Condensate
collection
tray
Tank
Moist airDried air
Fan
Compressor
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Dried and cooled air passing through a "warm" condenser is heated. Then it is discharged to
outside, the air temperature at the outlet is higher than at the inlet to the humidifier (the
difference is about 5 degrees).
The dried air is mixed with surrounding air again. The relative humidity gradually drops to the
set RH value due to continuous air circulation through the unit.
Depending on the air temperature and relative humidity the condensed water can be
discharged continuously or only during certain defrosting stages. The condensate can be
discharged either into a detachable tank located inside the dehumidifier or directly into the
waste water disposal system.
When the dehumidifier operates with an internal tank the dehumidifier will switch off when the
tank is filled with condensate. The tank filling indicator «FULL» lights up on the control panel
display. For the dehumidifier further operation it is required to remove the internal tank, to
release it from water and to install back into the humidifier (the filling hose should be put into
the tank filling port). «FULL» indicator will go down.
When the dehumidifier operates without an internal tank with direct condensate drain into the
waste water disposal system, it is required to connect the filling hose located inside the
humidifier with the internal part of the connector located on the dehumidifier side wall, and the
hose for condensate discharge to the waste water disposal system should be connected with
the connector external part. In this case the humidifier can work continuously without
interruptions caused by the condensate discharge from the filled tank.
Unit location
The unit is operated in the buildings where dry air is necessary for technological processes,
people comfort and where it prevents significant financial losses due to goods and products
damage (for example, damages caused by mould formation).
The unit is mainly used for drying and dehumidification of:
· industrial buildings of various applications, storage rooms and cellar rooms.
· archives, laboratories.
· laundries, changing rooms etc.
For optimum, economical and safe unit operation the following instructions must be followed:
:
· The unit must be installed securely upright to ensure unhindered condensate
discharge into the condensate tank.
· If possible the unit must be installed in the centre of the room long wall so that optimal
air circulation is ensured.
· It must be ensured that the air is able to be sucked in freely at the front of the unit and
to be discharged through the air grill located at the back of the dehumidifier body.
· It is prohibited to locate the unit in close proximity to radiators and other heat sources.
· The room to be dried or dehumidified must be closed to prevent the air entering from
neighbor rooms and from outside.
· Windows and doors must be closed to prevent free air exchange between the room
and ambient atmosphere.
· If the unit is used in dust-laden environments it is necessary to take appropriate
maintenance measures specially adapted to the particular operation conditions.
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See the chapter «Maintenance and service».
Important information on electrical connections
The unit connection to the power supply should be done in accordance with DIN VDE 0100,
Part 704 for electric current supply sources equipped with automatic circuit-breakers.
If the unit is installed in humid premises such as laundries or cellars it should be equipped
with proper automatic circuit-breakers at the buyer's expense.
Dehumidifier design (models DanVex DEH-900i and DEH-1200i)
9
Electric cable
Humidity sensor
Transportation handle
Cover
Hose Condensate tank
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