Diehl LoRaWAN CMi4160 Manuale utente

CMi4160 - LoRaWAN®Module

For Diehl Metering SHARKY 775

User guide

 
 
Table of contents 
 
1Documents notes.................................................................................................................... 3 
1 Copyright and trademark ...................................................................................................... 3 
2Important usage and safety information .................................................................................. 3 
3Using this user guide .............................................................................................................. 3 
1 Purpose and audience .......................................................................................................... 3 
2 Symbols............................................................................................................................... 3 
4Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 4 
1 Purpose ............................................................................................................................... 4 
2 Application description.......................................................................................................... 4 
3 Product features................................................................................................................... 4 
4 Compatibility........................................................................................................................ 4 
5Getting started ....................................................................................................................... 5 
1 Purpose ............................................................................................................................... 5 
2 Product specification............................................................................................................. 5 
3 Mount and start-up the device .............................................................................................. 5 
3.1 Mounting and connection ................................................................................................... 5 
3.2 Connection of battery pack................................................................................................. 5 
3.3 Connection of antenna ....................................................................................................... 5 
3.4 Network preparation .......................................................................................................... 6 
3.5 Activation .......................................................................................................................... 6 
3.6 Switch off/reboot module ................................................................................................... 7 
6Administration reference ......................................................................................................... 7 
1 Purpose ............................................................................................................................... 7 
2 Security and access control ................................................................................................... 7 
3 Configuration options ........................................................................................................... 7 
4 Time handling ...................................................................................................................... 9 
5 Adaptive data rate (ADR)...................................................................................................... 9 
6 Transmit interval ................................................................................................................ 10 
6.1 EcoMode ......................................................................................................................... 10 
7 Message formats ................................................................................................................ 10 
7.1 Message structure............................................................................................................ 10 
7.2 Structure and payload ...................................................................................................... 11 
7.3 Meter communication error message................................................................................. 19 
8 Downlink ........................................................................................................................... 19 
7Technical specifications ......................................................................................................... 21 
8Type approvals..................................................................................................................... 22 
9References ........................................................................................................................... 22 
1 Terms and abbreviations .................................................................................................... 22 
2 Number representation ....................................................................................................... 22 
3 European standards ........................................................................................................... 22 

CMi4160 –LoRaWAN®Module

3 02/2021

1DOCUMENTS NOTES

All information in this user guide, including product data, diagrams, charts, etc. represents information

on products at the time of publication, and is subject to change without prior notice due to product

improvements or other reasons. It is recommended that customers contact Diehl Metering GmbH for

the latest product information before purchasing a CMi Series product.

The documentation and product are provided on an “as is” basis only and may contain deficiencies or

inadequacies. Diehl Metering GmbH takes no responsibility for damages, liabilities or other losses by

using this product.

1.1 COPYRIGHT AND TRADEMARK

transmitted or reproduced in any form by any means without the written permission of Diehl Metering

GmbH.

2IMPORTANT USAGE AND SAFETY INFORMATION

The following safety precautions must be observed during all phases of the operation, usage, service

or repair of any CMi Series product. Users of the product are advised to convey the information to

users and operating personnel and to incorporate these guidelines into all user guides supplied with

the product. Failure to comply with these precautions violates safety standards of design, manufacture

and intended use of the product. Diehl Metering GmbH assumes no liability for customer’s failure to

comply with these precautions.

CMi4160 receives and transmits radio frequency energy while switched on. Remember that

interference can occur if the product is used close to TV sets, radios, computers or inadequately

shielded equipment. Follow any special regulations and always switch off the product wherever

forbidden, or when you suspect that it may cause interference or danger.

3USING THIS USER GUIDE

3.1 PURPOSE AND AUDIENCE

This user guide provides all information needed to mount, deploy and configure CMi4160 and targets

installers and system integrators.

3.2 SYMBOLS

The following symbols are used throughout the user guide to emphasize important information and

useful tips:

The Note symbol is used to mark information that is important to take into

consideration for safety reasons or to assure correct operation of the meter

connectivity module.

The Tip symbol is used to mark information intended to help you get the most out of

your product. It can for example be used to highlight a possible customization option

related to the current section.

CMi4160 –LoRaWAN®Module

4 02/2021

Table 1 provides information on how the product should be used.

Table 1: Usage information

4INTRODUCTION

4.1 PURPOSE

This chapter provides a general description of CMi4160. In the next-coming sections you will learn

more about possible applications for the product and how CMi4160 can be combined with other

products to build versatile solutions.

4.2 APPLICATION DESCRIPTION

CMi4160 is a cost-effective meter connectivity module mounted in a Diehl SHARKY heat meter. It uses

a very energy-efficient scheme to deliver meter data to a receiving (application) server over a

LoRaWAN®network. Meter data is securely transmitted, using LoRaWAN®end-to-end security

scheme. CMi4160 can be retrofitted into already deployed meters or mounted in the meter before

deployment.

4.3 PRODUCT FEATURES

CMi4160 has the capability to offer a combination of battery operation with very long lifetime and a

versatile application through its many configuration options. Key features of the module include:

Extensive battery lifetime

The module’s EcoMode feature enables the module to achieve a battery-lifetime of at least 11+1

years.

No meter installation needed

As soon as the meter connectivity module has been mounted in the meter and activated, it will

join the LoRaWAN®network and start to deliver meter data, i.e. no guide steps need to be

taken in order to install the product in the meter.

Easy and secure commissioning

With Elvaco’s One-Touch Commissioning (OTC), deployment, configuration and key transferring

can be performed in a secure and flexible way. Use the Elvaco OTC App to enter your desired

settings and place your phone next to the meter. New settings will be applied via NFC.

A unique and flexible message scheme

CMi4160 has several different message formats to choose from. This makes it easy to customize

the product to the unique demands of each application.

4.4 COMPATIBILITY

CMi4160 is compatible with Diehl SHARKY 775 heat meters.

Symbol

Description

Waste electrical products should not be disposed of with household waste. Please recycle

where facilities exist. Contact your Local Authority for recycling advise.

Electrostatic-sensitive device. Please observe the necessary ESD protective measures

when installing the module.

CMi4160 –LoRaWAN®Module

5 02/2021

5GETTING STARTED

5.1 PURPOSE

This chapter provides instructions on how to get started with CMi4160. After reading and carefully

following each step of this chapter, your meter connectivity module should be mounted and connected

to the LoRaWAN®network.

5.2 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION

5.3 MOUNT AND START-UP THE DEVICE

5.3.1 MOUNTING AND CONNECTION

CMi4160 is mounted in module slot 2 of a Diehl SHARKY. Grab the device by the outer edges, gently

mount it into position and connect the meter interface cable to the meter interface (ribbon cable) (3).

5.3.2 CONNECTION OF BATTERY PACK

The CMi4160 is delivered with a battery pack. Connect the battery pack to the module's power

connector (4) and gently place it with in the meter with the module.

5.3.3 CONNECTION OF ANTENNA

CMi4160 is available in two different versions, with internal antenna (CMi4160Int) and with external

antenna (CMi4160Ext). If using the external antenna version of the module, the antenna is connected

using an MCX connector.

If using an external antenna, make sure to mount it at least 0.5 meters away from

the meter in order not to cause interference.

1. NFC antenna

2. Push button

3. Meter interface*

4. Power connector

5. Green LED

6. Red LED

*Ribbon cable,

not shown in figure

*Ribbon cable, not

shown in figure

CMi4160 –LoRaWAN®Module

6 02/2021

5.3.4 NETWORK PREPARATION

For the module to connect to the LoRaWAN®network, it needs to be added in the network server.

More specifically, the following device information needs to be registered: Device EUI, Application key

and Join EUI. (If using ABP mode, the following information should be registered instead: Application

Session key, Network Session key and Device address.)

Diehl Metering strongly recommends using Over-the-air activation (OTAA) to

facilitate deployment and minimize the risk of duplicated keys.

5.3.5 ACTIVATION

Module activation

Upon delivery, CMi4160 is set to passive mode, which means no messages will be transmitted from

the module. The module can be activated in one of the following ways:

a) By using the module push button: Press down the push button of the module for at least five

seconds until the green LED lights up.

b) By using the Elvaco OTC App: Open the Elvaco OTC app (downloadable via Google Play) and

scan the module (make sure NFC is activated on the phone). Remove the front enclosure of the

meter if needed. Go to Apply mode, set the Power mode to “active” and click Apply settings. Place

the phone next to the module. New settings are applied via NFC. You can make sure that the

module has joined the LoRaWAN®network correctly by checking the “network join” field in the

Inspect tab of the OTC App.

Network join

When activated, CMi4160 will attempt to join the LoRaWAN®network. The phase is indicated by short

flash on red light, then green and red LED lights up for 1 second, followed by short flashes on the

green LED until the module has joined the LoRaWAN®network. When CMi4160 succeeds in joining

the LoRaWAN®network, the green LED will light up for 8 seconds, as illustrated by Figure 1.

Figure 1: Network join LED indication

If the module fails to join the LoRaWAN®network, it will perform retries until it succeeds. The time

between each attempt will increase for every attempt until it is performed once every day. A new join

attempt cycle can be manually started anytime by using the push button to reboot the module or by

deactivating and activating the module using the Elvaco OTC App.

When the module has joined the LoRaWAN®network, it will perform three quick transmissions

(regardless of transmit interval settings) before starting to use its configured transmit interval settings.

By using the Elvaco OTC App, you can easily verify that the module is successfully communicating with

the meter (“Meter communication”) and is connected to the LoRaWAN®network (“Network joined”).

Soft start

In rare cases, if the battery is weak, the module will perform a soft start to be able to start-up despite

the condition of the battery. The soft start takes 10 minutes to complete. The red LED will blink shortly

every 10th second until the start-up has completed.

CMi4160 –LoRaWAN®Module

7 02/2021

Figure 2: Soft start LED indication

5.3.6 SWITCH OFF/REBOOT MODULE

To reboot the module, press and hold the push button (2) for 5-15 seconds. Release the button when

the green LED is lit.

To switch off the module, press and hold the push button (2) for 15-20 seconds. Release the button

when the red LED is lit.

Figure 3: Reboot/switch off module

6ADMINISTRATION REFERENCE

6.1 PURPOSE

This chapter contains detailed information about configuring options and the different message

formats of CMi4160.

6.2 SECURITY AND ACCESS CONTROL

CMi4160 has a configuration lock feature, which prevents unauthorized access to the module. When

configuration lock has been enabled, a Product Access Key will be needed to access the device. For

more information about security and access control for CMi4160, please refer to the One-touch

commissioning (OTC) documentation, available on the Diehl Metering website.

6.3 CONFIGURATION OPTIONS

CMi4160 is configured via the Elvaco OTC App. It uses NFC to transfer settings to the module.

Downlink may also be used for some applications, see section 6.8. Downlink for more information.

Please note that the Elvaco OTC app is only compatible with Android™phones with

Android™ 5.0 or later.

CMi4160 –LoRaWAN®Module

8 02/2021

Table 2 provides a summary of all parameters and settings in CMi4160.

Field

name

(Abbr.)

Description

Default value

Device

access

Locked device

& correct

Product Access

Key

Open device

Device

access

Product

Access

Key

Downlink

Meter ID

Meter identification

number of the meter.

Not configurable.

N/A

Readable

N/A

Power

mode

Used to

activate/deactivate

the module.

Passive

Readable /

Writeable

Readable

N/A

Message

format

The message format

determines the

structure and payload

of the telegram sent

from the module.

0x1E

(Standard)

Readable /

Writeable

Readable

Writeable

EcoMode

When activated, 11+1

years of battery-life is

guaranteed by

adapting the transmit

interval of the module

to current signal

conditions.

Readable /

Writeable

Readable

Writeable

Transmit

interval

Sets the number of

minutes between each

transmission from the

module.

60 min

Readable /

Writeable

Readable

Writeable

Date &

Time

Date and time set for

the meter.

N/A

Readable

N/A

Set Time

Relative

Adjusts the time of the

meter relative to the

current time.

N/A

Writeable

Set

absolute

time

Sets the time of the

meter. When

synchronizing the time

via the Elvaco OTC

App, the date, time

and UTC offset

settings of the phone

will be applied to the

meter.

N/A

Writeable

N/A

Set UTC

offset

Sets the UTC offset of

the meter.

N/A

Readable /

Writeable

Readable

Witeable

Configurati

on Lock

Locks the module to

prevent unauthorized

access.

Open

Readable /

Writeable

Readable

Writeable

CMi4160 –LoRaWAN®Module

9 02/2021

Field

name

(Abbr.)

Description

Default value

Device

access

Locked device

& correct

Product Access

Key

Open device

Device

access

Product

Access

Key

Downlink

LoRaWAN®settings

Device EUI

Unique module

identification number.

Not configurable.

Device-unique

64-bit number

Readable

N/A

Activation

type

Sets the way the

device joins the

LoRaWAN®network.

OTAA

Readable /

Writeable

Readable

N/A

Network

join

Displays whether the

module has joined the

LoRaWAN®network

or not.

N/A

Readable

N/A

Join EUI

Application ID that

determines where data

ends up.

0x 94 19 3A 03

03 00 00 01

(internal

antenna

version)

0x 94 19 3A 03

04 00 00 01

(external

antenna

version)

Readable /

Writeable

Readable

N/A

Device

address

32-bit address used by

the module to identify

itself on the

LoRaWAN®network.

N/A

Readable /

Writeable

N/A

Current

data rate

The current data rate

used for the module.

N/A

Readable

N/A

Table 2: Configuration options

6.4 TIME HANDLING

The module relies on the meter’s clock for keeping time. Time in the meter is assumed to be in

standard local time (no DST). When synchronizing time in the meter using the OTC App, local standard

time is always used, even if DST is in effect. The timestamped meter data sent from the module can

be adjusted to be sent in UTC by specifying the “UTC offset” configuration parameter. The UTC offset

will be subtracted from the timestamp prior to transmission. If the meter is in Sweden, which uses

CET (Central European Time), it should have UTC offset set to +60 (+1h). In this case at time 12:00

a telegram is sent with timestamp 11:00 as this is the corresponding UTC time. A meter in New York

(USA) should have a UTC offset of -300 (-5h) etc. A UTC offset of 0 means the meter time is used as-

is.

6.5 ADAPTIVE DATA RATE (ADR)

CMi4160 supports Adaptive Data Rate (ADR), part of the LoRaWAN®standard, where the network

server determines the optimal rate of communication for the module based on current signal

conditions. In the best radio conditions, the module will use its highest data rate (DR5) in order to be

as energy efficient as possible. When signal conditions are poor, the network server will incrementally

lower the data rate until it is able to receive the message. When the data rate is low, the energy

consumption per telegram will increase.

CMi4160 –LoRaWAN®Module

10 02/2021

6.6 TRANSMIT INTERVAL

The transmit interval sets how frequently the module transmits data on the LoRaWAN®network. The

parameter can be set to a value between 5 and 1,440 minutes (i.e. between 5-minute and daily

values.)

If Lora Frequency Band L or N (Radio characteristics, Page 24) (0,1% Duty cycle

limitation), is used for transmitting messages (configurated by network server

operator) the minimum transmit interval for DR0, DR1 and DR2 should be set to

minimum 20 min. This will not affect the transmit interval if EcoMode is activated.

The user must always make sure the limits of the local Max. e.r.p and Duty cycle for

the current frequency band is to be followed.

6.6.1 ECOMODE

When EcoMode is active, it is able to achieve a battery-life of at least 11+1 years by utilizing a table

of allowed transmit intervals settings for each data rate. When radio conditions are poor (and data

rate is low), the module will be able to send data less frequently in order to conserve battery-life.

When signal conditions are good, the module will be able to send data more frequently. When EcoMode

is enabled, the module will continuously check if the set transmit interval is “allowed” by the EcoMode

table. If a lower transmit interval is needed for the specific data rate in order to achieve 11 years of

battery life, the module will adjust the parameter accordingly.

Table 3 shows the transmit intervals that the module will use for different data rates in order to achieve

a 11-year battery-life.

Data rate

Transmit interval

DR0

180 min

DR1

120 min

DR2-DR3

60 min

DR4

30 min

DR5

20 min

Table 3: Transmit intervals for different data rates in EcoMode

If EcoMode has been disabled, guarantees about battery-life is no longer valid (even

if EcoMode is activated later).

6.7 MESSAGE FORMATS

CMi4160 has six different message formats:

Standard

Compact

JSON

Scheduled –Daily redundant,

Scheduled –Extended

and

Combined heat/cooling

. Each message type will be described in detail in

this section.

6.7.1 MESSAGE STRUCTURE

Message formats

Standard, Compact, Scheduled –Daily redundant. Scheduled –Extended

and

Combined heat/cooling

are encoded on M-Bus format (date/time field are encoded on M-Bus format

F). Message format JSON is encoded on JSON format.

All messages begin with one byte specifying the message format used.

All M-Bus encoded messages begin with one byte specifying the message format used. Then follows

a sequence of data information blocks (DIBs), each one containing a data information field (DIF), a

value information field (VIF) and a data field (DATA). The structure of the telegram is illustrated in

Figure 4.

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