Egnite Ethernut 5.0 Manuale utente
Ethernut 5.0
Hardware Manual
Preliminary
Manual Revision: 1.0
Issue date: May 2011
Copyri ht 2011 e nite GmbH. All ri hts reserved.
e nite makes no warranty for the use of its products and assumes no
responsibility for any errors which may appear in this document. Nor does it make
a commitment to update the information contained herein.
e nite products are not intended for use in medical, life savin or life sustainin
applications.
e nite retains the ri ht to make chan es to these specifications at any time,
without notice.
All product names referenced herein are trademarks of their respective companies.
Ethernut is a re istered trademark of e nite GmbH.
Contents
About the Ethernut 5.0 Board................................................................5
Ethernut Features.....................................................................................5
Quick Start.............................................................................................. 7
Prerequisites for Operation.........................................................................7
Precautions.............................................................................................. 7
Board Installation......................................................................................8
Usin the Boot Loader...............................................................................8
Bootin Linux.........................................................................................10
Board Overview..................................................................................... 12
AT91SAM9XE Microcontroller..................................................................12
NOR Flash Memory ................................................................................ 12
Serial Flash Memory................................................................................12
NAND Flash Memory............................................................................... 13
Flash Boot Enable...................................................................................14
MMC/SD-Card Socket.............................................................................14
Ethernet Interface ..................................................................................14
USB Device Port..................................................................................... 16
USB Host Port........................................................................................ 16
FFC Connector ......................................................................................16
Expansion Port....................................................................................... 17
Power Supply......................................................................................... 18
JTAG Interface ......................................................................................18
RTC...................................................................................................... 19
Hardware Clocks....................................................................................19
Usin the JTAG Interface ....................................................................20
Prerequisites ......................................................................................... 20
Installin the JTAG Adapter ....................................................................20
Memory Layout.....................................................................................22
Serial Flash Partitions..............................................................................22
NAND Flash Partitions............................................................................. 22
Hardware Expansion ............................................................................23
Power Mana ement..............................................................................25
PMM Enable Re ister .............................................................................25
Disable Re ister .....................................................................................25
Status Re ister ......................................................................................26
Temperature Re ister .............................................................................27
Auxiliary Volta e Re ister .......................................................................27
Up radin from Previous Ethernut Revisions.......................................29
Chan es Compared to Ethernut 1 and Ethernut 2........................................29
Chan es Compared to Ethernut 3..............................................................29
Troubleshootin ..................................................................................... 30
Basic Checks.........................................................................................30
Advanced Checks...................................................................................30
Warranty............................................................................................... 31
Schematics............................................................................................ 32
About the Ethernut 5.0 Board
About the Ethernut 5.0 Board
The hi h end eneration of the Ethernut board family has been desi ned for
embedded Linux applications.
Ethernut Features
•AT91SAM9XE512 RISC microcontroller with 512 kByte protected NOR Flash,
32 kByte SRAM, 32 kByte ROM
•1 GByte NAND Flash
•128 MByte SDRAM
•4 MByte serial Flash
•Multimedia/SD-Card Socket
•10/100 Mbps Ethernet interface with Auto-MDIX
•USB 2.0 full speed device and host interface
•RS-232 at DB-9 connector with full modem handshake
•Ima e Sensor Interface
•15 pro rammable di ital I/O lines
•2 analo input lines
•Real time clock with backup capacitor
•LED indicators for power supply and Ethernet activity
•Flexible power mana ement includin IEEE 802.3af PoE
•Lead-free and RoHS compliant
•Industrial temperature ran e: -25°C to +85°C
5
Ethernut 5.0 Hardware Manual
6
Quick Start
Quick Start
This chapter will help you quickly set up and start usin the Ethernut board.
Prerequisites for Operation
Ethernut 5.0 boards are shipped with samboot boot loader pro rammed in internal
Flash memory, U-Boot boot loader, Linux kernel and a sample Nut/OS application
pro rammed in serial Flash memory and a Linux root file system pro rammed in
NAND Flash memory.
The followin items are included in the Ethernut Starter Kit:
•Ethernut 5 Board
•Turtelizer 2 JTAG pro rammin adapter
•Crossed serial communication cable with DB-9 female connector at both ends
•USB cable Type A to Mini B
•CD with all required software tools and documents
•This manual
To run the Ethernut Board, you additionally need:
•A standard PC runnin Linux, Windows or Mac OS X with serial COM port, USB
port and Ethernet interface
•Terminal emulation software, such as MiniTerm (Linux) or TeraTerm or
Hyperterminal (Windows)
•Twisted pair cable to ether with 10/100 Base-T hub or switch
For power supply the followin options are available:
•Connectin the Ethernut board to a USB port of your PC.
•Usin an unre ulated DC power supply providin a minimum 1.5 Watt at 7V,
but not more than 24V (preferably 12V) on a standard 2.1 mm barrel plu .
•Usin an IEEE 802.3af capable Power over Ethernet switch.
It is further assumed, that you ot some basic knowled e about di ital hardware,
Linux or Nut/OS and TCP/IP networkin . This manual will not present any of these
basics. You can find excellent books or web resources about these topics.
Precautions
Born out of an Open Source Project, the Ethernut Board itself is a commercial
product you paid for. You expect, that reliable and fail safe operation is uaranteed
by the manufacturer. But please keep in mind, that a bare electronic circuit is a
fra ile product, which demands careful handlin . In the first place learn how to
avoid problems caused by electrostatic dischar e.
Be sure to take proper precautions before removin the Ethernut board from the
antistatic ba . When not used, put the board back into the antistatic ba . Never
pass the bare board from one person’s hand to another.
7
Ethernut 5.0 Hardware Manual
Do not use the antistatic ba as a underlyin pad for Ethernut, because it’s
electroconductive. Plastic surfaces may be harmful too because of electrostatic
dischar e. It is advisable to put the board at least on a wooden surface or simply
on a piece of paper. The optimal way is to fix stand-offs in the mountin holes.
Board Installation
Step 1: Remove the board from the antistatic ba . Visually inspect it for any
dama e made durin shipment. If there are visible defects, return the board for
replacement.
Step 2: Connect Ethernut`s DB-9 RS232 port to an available COM port usin the
serial cable included in the starter kit. Any null-modem cable should work as well.
Step 3: On the PC, start the terminal emulation pro ram at 115200 baud, no
parity, 8 data bits, and 1 stop bit. Disable hardware (RTS/CTS) and software
(XON/XOFF) flow control.
Step 4: Use one twisted pair cable (patch cable) to connect Ethernut's RJ-45
connector to the hub or switch. Make sure that the PC is connected to the same
physical Ethernet network. Ethernut 5.0 comes with Auto-MDIX and may be
connected directly to the PC with a standard patch cable. However, dependin on
the PC's operatin system, link ne otiation may not work reliable in this
confi uration.
Step 4.1: If not connected to a PoE switch, you can use the USB cable for power
supply. Connect the Mini-B connector to the Mini USB receptacle on the Ethernut
board and the Type A connector to any USB port of your PC.
Step 4.2: Alternatively you may connect an external 7-24V, 1.5W power supply
to the barrel connector on the Ethernut Board. Ethernut is equipped with its own
rectifier brid e. Therefore the polarity of the barrel connector isn't important.
As soon as the board is powered up, the red LED at the reset switch will be lit.
Then the SAMBoot boot loader firmware will initialize the hardware and move the
U-Boot boot loader from serial Flash memory to the SDRAM and start it. U-Boot
messa es are displayed in the terminal emulator.
See the next chapter for a detailed description of the boot loader pro ram.
8
WARNING: As with all computer equipment, the Ethernut board may be severely
dama ed by electrostatic dischar e (ESD). Be sure to take proper precautions
before removin the Ethernut board from the antistatic ba . Do not hand the bare
board to another person.
Quick Start
Usin the Boot Loader
As soon as the board is powered up, the U-Boot boot loader will send several
status messa es to the serial port, which are displayed on the terminal emulator.
U-Boot 2011.03-rc1 (Mar 10 2011 – 15:08:32)
CPU: AT91SAM9XE
Crysta frequency: 18.432 MHz
CPU c ock : 180.634 MHz
Master c ock : 90.317 MHz
I2C: ready
DRAM: 128 MiB
F ash: 512 KiB
NAND: 1024 MiB
MMC: mci: 0
DataF ash:AT45DB321
Nb pages: 8192
Page Size: 528
Size= 4325376 bytes
Logica address: 0xC0000000
Area 0: C0021000 to C0041FFF (RO) setup
Area 1: C0042000 to C00C5FFF (RO) uboot
Area 2: C00C6000 to C0359FFF (RO) kerne
Area 3: C035A000 to C03DDFFF (RO) nutos
Area 4: C03DE000 to C03FEFFF env
SF: Detected AT45DB321D with page size 528, tota 16.5 MiB
In: seria
Out: seria
Err: seria
Net: macb0: PHY present at 0
macb0: Starting autonegotiation...
macb0: Autonegotiation comp ete
macb0: ink up, 100Mbps fu -dup ex ( pa: 0x45e1)
macb0
Hit any key to stop autoboot:
In the default confi uration, U-Boot will wait up to 3 seconds for any key entered
via the serial port and then continue to boot the Linux kernel from serial Flash. If
any key is pressed, U-Boot will display the command line prompt, waitin for a
command. Enter help and press Enter to display the list of available commands.
U-Boot> he p
More detailed informations about most commands are available by enterin help
followed by the specific command, e. .
U-Boot> he p usb
Beside the build-in commands, U-Boot is able to execute command scripts, which
are stored in environment variables. The command printenv lists the contents of all
environment variables.
U-Boot> printenv
9
Ethernut 5.0 Hardware Manual
Scripts stored in environment variables can be executed by enterin the command
run followed by the variable's name. The variable bootcmd contains the script that
is executed durin automatic bootin .
U-Boot> printenv bootcmd
bootcmd=run f ashboot inux
This simple script calls another script contained in the variable flashbootlinux,
which will boot the Linux kernel from serial Flash. You may alternatively boot
Linux from a TFTP server by chan in the bootcmd.
U-Boot> setenv bootcmd run tftpbootlinux
U-Boot> saveenv
Saving Environment to SPI F ash...
SF: Detected AT45DB321D with page size 528, tota 16.5 MiB
Erasing SPI f ash...Writing to SPI f ash...done
The command saveenv will store the modified environment in serial Flash, makin
it available on the next power-up.
Several predefined scripts are available to boot Linux or Nut/OS or to update Flash
contents:
run flashbootlinux Boot Linux kernel from serial Flash.
run flashbootnut Boot Nut/OS ima e from serial Flash.
run nfsbootlinux Boot Linux kernel from NFS mount.
run nfsbootnut Boot Nut/OS ima e from NFS mount.
run nfsinstallenv Update U-Boot environment in serial Flash from NFS mount.
run nfsinstalllinux Update Linux kernel in serial Flash from NFS mount.
run nfsinstallnut Update Nut/OS ima e in serial Flash from NFS mount.
run nfsinstalluboot Update U-Boot in serial Flash from NFS mount.
run tftpbootlinux Boot Linux kernel from TFTP server.
run tftpbootnut Boot Nut/OS ima e from TFTP server.
run tftpinstallenv Update U-Boot environment in serial Flash from TFTP server.
run tftpinstalllinux Update Linux kernel in serial Flash from TFTP server.
run tftpinstallnut Update Nut/OS ima e in serial Flash from TFTP server.
run tftpinstallrootfs Update root file system in NAND Flash from TFTP server.
run tftpinstalluboot Update U-Boot in serial Flash from TFTP server.
When usin an NFS or TFTP server, make sure to properly set the variables
nfsserver or tftpserver. The U-Boot documentation will provide further details.
Bootin Linux
When not interrupted by pressin any key, U-Boot will load the Linux kernel from
serial Flash. Alternatively you can enter the command boot on the U-Boot
command line.
10
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