EL-CELL ECC-Std Manuale utente

User Manual

Release 3.81

ECC-Std

Electrochemical test cell

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User Manual ECC-Std

Release 3.81

The information in this manual has been carefully checked and believed to be accurate;

however, no responsibility is assumed for inaccuracies.

EL-Cell GmbH maintains the right to make changes without further notice to products

described in this manual to improve reliability, function, or design. EL -Cell GmbH does not

assume any liability arising from the use or application of this product.

EL-Cell GmbH

Tempowerkring 8

21079 Hamburg - Germany

phone: +49 40 79012-737

fax: +49 40 79012-736

e-mail: info@el-cell.com

web: www.el-cell.com

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User Manual ECC-Std

Release 3.81

Content

1 Product description...................................................................................................................................4

2 ECC-Std assembly......................................................................................................................................6

3 Disassembly and Cleaning .......................................................................................................................9

4 Unpacking .................................................................................................................................................10

5 Technical data ..........................................................................................................................................10

5 Spare parts and consumables ...............................................................................................................11

6 Technical support ....................................................................................................................................12

7 Warranty ....................................................................................................................................................12

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User Manual ECC-Std

Release 3.81

1 Product description

The ECC-Std electrochemical cell is a standard test cell for the characterization of lithium ion

battery systems as well as other aprotic chemistries. With the ECC cell design we have adapted

the advantages of the industry’s standard button (coin) cell while avoiding its serious

shortcomings for everyday lab usage.

The ECC cell design is the result of many years’ experience and iterative improvement in

lithium ion battery and supercapacitor electrode testing. It is perfectly suited for voltammetry

and impedance as well as cycle life testing.

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User Manual ECC-Std

Release 3.81

Features

High precision 18 mm diameter sandwich geometry with <0.1 mm electrode concentricity

Reliable sealing with PE seals and 4-fold cutting rings

Easy and reliable electrolyte filling

Fast assembly and dismantling, and easy cleaning of cell components

Electrodes are easily accessible for post-mortem analysis

Reusable cell components except for PE seal

Small and defined electrolyte volume down to 0.05 cm3

Adjustable, reproducible and homogeneous mechanical pressure on electrodes

Materials in media contact are stainless steel 316L and PEEK (other materials on request)

Modular cell construction with many interchangeable components.

Dedicated tools available to ease cell assembly and operation

Optional upgrade kit for using a reference electrode

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

Spring force applied on cell stack / N

Thickness of electrode stack / µm

FED9015 (Standard)

FED9020

FED9021

Spring load on stack vs. stack

thickness for different springs.

Standard is FED9015.

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User Manual ECC-Std

Release 3.81

2 ECC-Std assembly

The ECC-Std electrochemical cell may be assembled either with thick glass fiber or with thin

technical separator (such as Celgard 2325). Hereafter the two modes are referred to as AAA

mode (with the glass fiber separator and and the two adjacent electrodes having the same 18

mm diameter) or ABA mode (with the separator being oversized compared to the two adjacent

electrodes).

When using air sensitive electrodes like metallic lithium, the cell is being assembled and filled

with electrolyte inside a glove box. Prior to assembly, all cell components are to be dried

overnight in vacuum at 120 °C.

To minimize parasitic currents, the upper electrode (in contact with the piston) should be at

more positive potentials than the lower electrode (in contact with the cell base). We hereafter

refer to the upper electrode as cathode, and to the lower electrode as anode.

Bracket

Cutting rings plus PE

seal ensure ultra-low

leakage

PEEK sleeve ensures

electrode concentricity

and homogeneous

current distribution

Stainless steel 316L

base with 2mm

banana jacks

Gold plated spring

applies reproducible

mechanical load on

cell stack (10 … 50 N)

Stainless steel 316L

plunger for corrosion

resistance in aprotic

media

PTFE plug

assembly

Cell stack

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User Manual ECC-Std

Release 3.81

Upper electrode

Lower electrode

2.1 Safety precautions

Use proper safety precautions when using hazardous electrode materials and electrolytes.

Wear protective glasses and gloves to protect you against electrolyte that may accidentally

spill out during disassembly. Upon cell disassembly, dispose all materials properly. Metallic

lithium and some insertion compounds may decompose heavily in contact with water and

other solvents, and can cause fire.

Note: The assembly has to take place under the protective atmosphere in a glove box.

2.2 Assembly Steps for AAA mode

This assembly mode is recommended for half-cell tests against lithium metal. It is also suitable

for full cell tests. In the AAA mode the cell is assembled with a thick fiber cloth (fleece)

separator having the same 18 mm diameter as the two adjacent electrodes. The cell is filled

with the electrolyte by dropping a given volume of electrolyte directly onto the separator

(0.15 to 0.5 ml, depending on the separator and electrodes used). Only when applying the

spring load upon final cell closure, a defined amount of electrolyte is squeezed out of the

separator and soaks the two adjacent electrodes. The confinement of the cell stack by an

insulating sleeve ensures a homogeneous current distribution and thus makes this

configuration ideal for impedance measurements.

1. Close the side opening of the cell base with the provided PTFE-plug.

2. Insert the plunger into the sleeve and place the plunger/sleeve assembly onto the

workbench with the contact face of the plunger pointing upwards.

3. Place the working electrode (cathode) and the cloth separator into the assembly.

4. Dispense a defined amount of electrolyte onto the separator, and place the counter

electrode on top inside the sleeve.

5. Push the cell base over the assembly, press onto the plunger, and turn the cell around

into the upright position.

6. Mount the spring and the PE seal.

7. Attach the cell lid, insert the cell into the bracket, and tighten the wing nut.

Note: The adequate amount of electrolyte depends on the porosity and thickness of the

components used, and thus has to be determined in pre-tests. The amount must be smaller

than the absorption capacity of the separator in its uncompressed state. For the standard 1.5

mm thick glass fiber separator and standard Li-ion electrodes with <0.1mm thickness, an

electrolyte amount of 0.5 ml is appropriate.

Separator

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User Manual ECC-Std

Release 3.81

Upper electrode

Separator

Lower electrode

2.3 Assembly Steps for ABA full cell mode

This procedure is recommended for standard Li-ion battery materials in combination with thin

technical separators like Celgard 2325 (25 µm thick). In the ABA assembly mode the two

electrodes are both 18 mm, and the separator is 24 mm in diameter in order to prevent a

short circuit along the edge of the separator.

In a first step, the anode is centrically adhered (glued) to the bottom of the cell base. Second,

the Celgard separator is placed on top of the anode inside the cell base.

Third, the cathode is placed into the plunger/sleeve assembly, and soaked with some excess of

electrolyte. Third, this assembly is pushed from below into the cell base into which anode and

separator have been placed before. This way, the electrolyte is sucked into the initially dry

separator and anode by capillary forces.

A dedicated loading tool is optionally available to ease the cell assembly with polyolefine

separators. http://el-cell.com/products/accessories-tools/ecc-cellload

1. Close the side opening of the cell base with the provided PTFE-plug.

2. Insert the plunger into the sleeve and place the plunger/sleeve assembly onto the

workbench.

3. Place the anode into the plunger/sleeve assembly with the current collector foil facing

upwards.

4. Charge a pipette with 100 µL of electrolyte and place a tiny drop of the electrolyte onto

the back of the anode. We recommend using an adjustable volume pipette with

disposable tip.

5. Grab the plunger/sleeve assembly and support the plunger with your fingertip. Then push

the cell base over the assembly, press firmly onto the plunger, and remove the

plunger/sleeve assembly. The anode is now centrically adhered (glued) to the bottom of

the cell base.

6. Push the Celgard separator into the cell base

7. Again, insert the plunger into the sleeve and place the plunger/sleeve assembly onto the

workbench

8. Place the cathode onto the plunger/sleeve assembly, with the current collector foil facing

downwards.

9. Dispense the electrolyte onto the cathode.

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User Manual ECC-Std

Release 3.81

10. Again, grab the plunger/sleeve assembly and support the plunger with your fingert ip.

Then push the cell base (with the anode and separator located inside) over the assembly,

press onto the plunger, and turn the cell into the upright position.

11. Mount the spring and the PE seal.

12. Attach the cell lid, insert the cell into the bracket, and tighten the wing nut.

3 Disassembly and Cleaning

After use, disassemble the test cell in the reverse order of assembly. Dispose electrodes and

electrolyte properly. Clean wetted cell parts with deionized water and/or other appropriate

detergent wash and solvent. PEEK sleeve, cell base and plunger may be additionally cleaned in

an ultrasonic bath. After cleaning with water, dry parts with compressed air. Before building a

new cell, dry parts overnight at 80°C under vacuum. This treatment is essential for the PEEK

sleeve, as the PEEK polymer may absorb water.

Cell base and plunger may be additionally treated with aqueous nitric acid (20%, 2 hours at

room temperature). Do not apply this treatment to any other cell parts.

Notes:

Protect yourself against chemical hazards. Electrolyte may spill out during cleaning.

Electrode materials and electrolyte may react with ambient atmosphere or solvents used

for cleaning. Wear appropriate protection equipment, goggles and gloves.

Clean all cell parts right after disassembly. Leaving cell parts in contact with ambient

atmosphere while still being wetted with electrolyte may result in severe corrosion.

Sleeve removing tool

The sleeve can be easily removed with the sleeve removing tool. First detach the PTFE Plug

assembly, then position the tool beneath the rim of the sleeve and lift it out of the cell base.

NOTE: Leaving cell parts in contact with ambient atmosphere while still being wetted with

electrolyte may result in severe corrosion.

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User Manual ECC-Std

Release 3.81

4 Unpacking

Check the contents of the packages against the list given below to verify that you have

received all of the components. Contact the factory if anything is missing or damaged. NOTE:

Damaged shipments must remain with the original packaging for freight company inspection.

List of Components

1. ECC-Std test cell

2. PE-Seal (10 pcs) ECC1-00-0053-A/X

3. Sleeve Removing Tool ECC1-00-0092-A

4. Glass fiber separator 18 mm x 1.55 mm (10 pcs) ECC1-01-0012-C/X

5. Separator (Celgard 2325) 24 mm x 0.025 mm (10pcs) ECC1-01-0022-D/X

5 Technical data

Height: 90 mm

Width: 54 mm

Depth: 70 mm

Weight: 640 g

Temperature range: -40 to +80 °C (150 °C)*

Electrolyte volume min: 0.05 cm3

*with optional Heat Resistance Set ECC1-01-0040-A 0040-A

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