HP Xw4300 - Workstation - 2 GB RAM Guida di riferimento rapido

HP Client Management Interface

Technical White Paper

Introduction......................................................................................................................................... 2

Background ........................................................................................................................................ 2

Benefits .............................................................................................................................................. 3

Architecture ........................................................................................................................................ 4

Hardware Sensor Information............................................................................................................ 5

Hardware Configuration Options....................................................................................................... 6

System Health Events ........................................................................................................................ 6

Available Software Products.................................................................................................................. 7

HP Client Management Interface Software Provider.............................................................................. 7

HP Client Manager .......................................................................................................................... 8

HP System Software Manager ........................................................................................................... 9

Developing Custom Solutions ................................................................................................................ 9

Hardware Sensor Information............................................................................................................ 9

Hardware Configuration Options..................................................................................................... 12

System Health Events ...................................................................................................................... 15

Example applications ..................................................................................................................... 16

Retrieving BIOS Settings .............................................................................................................. 16

Changing the Ownership Tag......................................................................................................17

Changing the Boot Order............................................................................................................ 18

Enabling Hyper-Threading........................................................................................................... 18

Setting BIOS Defaults .................................................................................................................. 19

Monitoring Events....................................................................................................................... 20

Security ............................................................................................................................................ 22

Preserving Password Integrity .......................................................................................................... 22

Configuring WMI Security .............................................................................................................. 24

For more information.......................................................................................................................... 26

Call to action .................................................................................................................................... 26

Introduction

This white paper provides technical information on the HP Client Management Interface (HP CMI). HP

CMI is an open architecture for gathering client computer inventory, monitoring health events, and

managing BIOS configuration settings on HP business class client computers. This interface is included

standard on select new models beginning with the HP Compaq dc7600 series and dx7200 series

business desktops, and the HP xw4300 workstation. An HP CMI Software Provider SoftPaq is also

available for legacy models and may be downloaded from HP.com.

This document describes the business need which drove development of HP CMI, benefits of the

interface, architectural details, examples of how HP CMI can be used to carry out various client

management tasks, and the security model.

Background

Historically, it has been a challenge for customers to easily integrate HP client computers with systems

management tools and applications they are using. The typical management software model relies on

a “software management agent” installed on the client computer. This software agent exposes

management instrumentation through a proprietary driver and hardware interface and communicates

with the systems management tool console. Often, the software agent must be updated and

redeployed as new manageability features and new computer models are introduced.

Traditional Management Software Model

This traditional management software model contains three tightly integrated components: the

computer hardware to be instrumented, an operating system specific driver to surface the

instrumentation, and a software agent to expose and communicate the instrumented data with the

management software console. In most cases these software agents are further specialized by the

manner they surface the instrumented data to applications. This approach has made integration of

advanced management features into commercial management software slow, and development of

feature-rich custom-developed management applications difficult to accomplish.

Recognizing the need for a better solution, HP has developed the HP Client Management Interface.

HP CMI provides a zero-footprint, programmatic interface built on industry standards that systems

management tools and custom management applications can access to gather inventory information,

heath alerts, and manage BIOS configuration.

Benefits

HP business-class client computers equipped with HP Client Management Interface technology provide

an unprecedented level of out-of-the-box management capability. HP CMI provides the following

benefits:

Flexible and open

•Built on industry standards for gathering inventory and health status information.

•Simple and scriptable instrumentation allows IT professionals to easily integrate with existing

management tools or develop custom management applications.

•Client computer instrumentation can be made available to a central management console

application and/or locally at the client computer.

•Computer health events are sent in real-time — no waiting for the management agent to poll for

client status.

Consistent

•Provides a common interface to management information across HP business-class client computers

equipped with HP CMI.

•Provides a stable foundation to future hardware management features.

•Interface behavior is consistent between 32-bit and 64-bit versions of Windows, and the next

version of the Windows operating system.

Easy to manage

•No software agent is required to access client computer inventory information, health status and

manage BIOS configuration.

•New client computers seamlessly integrate into the managed environment without re-tooling

management software.

•Leverages operating system policies for configuration and security.

Architecture

Systems management technology has matured in recent years with the widespread adoption of the

Common Information Model (CIM) and Web-Based Enterprise Management (WBEM) as a

vendor-neutral method for describing the myriad of management elements available across the

enterprise from client systems to storage area networks. This trend has made management of

enterprise resources easier, and systems management applications more powerful in their ability to

interpret heterogeneous management information.

Windows Management Instrumentation is Microsoft’s implementation of the WBEM initiative, and is

available as a component of the operating system. WMI uses the CIM standard to represent systems,

applications, networks, devices, and other managed components. WMI can be used to automate

administrative tasks in an enterprise environment. WMI features query-based information retrieval,

relationship and data modeling, event subscription services, and access from any programming

language capable of supporting Component Object Model (COM)1, such as C++, Visual Basic, or

scripting languages under Windows Scripting Host.

HP Client Management Interface Model

Hardware

Client

Network

HP Client Management Interface leverages WMI to surface management information directly from the

hardware and system BIOS, and in doing so gains all the benefits associated with the WMI interface

to management information.

1Component Object Model is a specification developed by Microsoft. It provides the framework for technologies such as ActiveX.

HP CMI exposes three classifications of management information about the underlying hardware

platform:

•Hardware sensor information

This includes information about physical sensors within the client computer. The interface supports a

wide variety of sensor types, including both numerical sensors such as fan speed (rpm) and sensors

based on a physical state, such as the state of a case lock (open, closed). Sensor data is surfaced

as an enumeration in WMI, which provides flexibility in the number and types of sensors reported

from platform to platform.

•Hardware configuration options

Instrumentation information related to configuring hardware options includes a multitude of features.

These features are exposed in both a general and specialized manner to systems management

applications. As with sensor data, hardware configuration options are surfaced as an enumeration

in WMI, which provides flexibility in the number and types of sensors reported from platform to

platform.

•System health events

System health events are dynamically surfaced based on triggered hardware events. WMI provides

a convenient, low-bandwidth mechanism for management information consumers to subscribe to

these hardware events and be notified in real-time. These events can be monitored at the local client

computer or by a remote console.

Hardware Sensor Information

HP CMI defines a base model for surfacing hardware sensor data to management applications. This

model supports extension in two ways:

1. Enumeration of sensors physically attached to a given platform can be generalized by querying

against the base class. This allows management tools to automatically detect available sensor

devices without recoding.

2. Definition of new sensor types will extend the general definitions provided by the interface. This

approach guarantees that properties known and understood today will continue to possess the

same characteristics and behaviors as new features are introduced.

The following table defines the basic set of services provided by HP CMI to support the surfacing of

hardware sensor data to management applications.

Management Class Description

HP_BIOSSensor Defines the basic set of properties common to all types of hardware

sensors. All hardware sensors available on a particular platform can be

surfaced by enumerating this class.

HP_BIOSStateSensor This class provides access to a category of sensors that our monitored

by state changes only. State changes are defined by an array of

possible values within each sensor definition. Examples of state-based

sensors would include POST warnings, physical switches, or solenoids.

HP_BIOSNumericSensor Defines the category of sensors that return numerical measurements.

Hardware Configuration Options

One of the most compelling features of HP CMI is the power to manipulate and change hardware

configuration options in an open and adaptable manner. WMI provides a foundation for scriptable

administration of operating system options that is well proven in the enterprise management

community. HP CMI leverages that foundation to provide the IT administrator with an unprecedented

degree of control in managing configurations across the enterprise. As with sensor information, the

mechanisms provided for collecting and manipulating hardware configuration options are designed

with forward compatibility and future capabilities in mind.

The following table illustrates the inherent capability and flexibility of HP CMI in dealing with various

types of hardware configuration options.

Management Class Description

HP_BIOSSetting Defines the basic set of properties common to all forms of BIOS

settings. All hardware configuration options supported by the platform

can be surfaced by enumerating this class.

HP_BIOSString Extension of HP_BIOSSetting to support string-based hardware

configuration options. This would include such capabilities as:

ownership tag, asset tracking number, and UUID.

HP_BIOSInteger Extension of HP_BIOSSetting to support numeric hardware

configuration options.

HP_BIOSEnumeration Most hardware configuration options fall into an enumeration category.

Enumerations are collections of possible values for a setting (usually

expressed as human-readable text). Example enumerations would be:

“On, Off” or “Enable, Disable”.

HP_BIOSOrderedList This class extends the HP_BIOSSetting to support such hardware

features as boot order.

HP_BIOSPassword While password values are never exposed through the HP CMI model,

this class exists to help determine the existence of various password

options on the client platform. This class would be queried to determine

if a setup password was currently set on the platform, for example.

HP_BIOSSettingInterface This class provides access to the WMI methods exposed by HP CMI.

This includes methods to set individual settings and reset all settings to

a default state.

System Health Events

Traditionally, system health monitoring has required a management agent to poll hardware features

at some deterministic frequency in order to discover possible warning and error conditions within the

system. This polling model of health measurement requires system resources and, potentially, network

resources to monitor and maintain. In addition, the longer the polling interval, the longer it takes to

potentially discover the triggering event. HP CMI breaks this mold of system health notification by

surfacing events directly from the hardware when they are discovered. Management applications

designed to consume WMI events can be configured to subscribe to the events generated by HP CMI

without impacting system performance or network bandwidth.

The following table outlines some of the event monitoring capabilities provided by HP CMI. Like all HP

CMI features, new events can be introduced with new hardware platforms or through system firmware

updates without impacting the design of the interface or management tools designed to consume the

events.

Event Type Description

Sensor related Events associated with health-monitoring sensors on the hardware

platform. Sensor related events include: over-temperature, fan stalls,

and chassis intrusion detection.

Device failures Device failures refers to events for devices that are not monitored

through hard-wired sensors, such as an ECC memory failure.

Configuration changes When hardware configuration options are modified, or an attempt is

made to modify these options without proper authority, HP CMI will

generate related events to provide a mechanism to monitor and audit

the interface from within the enterprise.

Available Software Products

HP Client Management Interface is included standard on select new HP business client computer

models. An HP CMI Software Provider is also available for legacy models. In addition, several HP

Client Management Solutions leverage the features of HP CMI.

HP Client Management Interface Software Provider

The HP CMI Software Provider, available as a SoftPaq downloadable from HP.com, extends many of

the capabilities of the HP Client Management Interface for legacy HP business computers. While the

HP CMI Software Provider does not contain all the features and flexibility of native HP CMI support,

the Software Provider allows IT managers to reap many of the same benefits exposed by HP CMI on

their existing hardware infrastructure.

The following diagram shows how HP CMI Software Provider is a hybrid of the traditional

management agent framework and the WMI instrumentation management model exposed by HP

CMI.

HP Client Management Interface Model

Hardware

Client

Network

HP CMI Software Provider creates the necessary definitions to support the hardware configuration

option classes defined by the native HP CMI architecture. This allows for hardware configuration

scripts and management application to interact with instrumented configuration data without the

necessity of understanding if the underlying implementation is hardware or software based.

HP BIOS Configuration for ProtectTools

HP BIOS Configuration for ProtectTools version 2.0 provides the capability to access and modify

BIOS configuration details from within the HP ProtectTools interface. This application utilizes the

data-driven model used within HP CMI. Because HP CMI is designed to expose information in a

consistent manner regardless of varying platform feature sets, BIOS Configuration is capable of

supporting a wide range of features and platforms with minimal, if any, need to upgrade the

application.

HP Client Manager

HP Client Manager provides centralized hardware management of HP business PCs, notebooks and

workstations. Features include the ability to get in-depth hardware inventory information, monitor

system health status, run diagnostic tests, remotely install drivers and manage BIOS settings updates

without visiting each client computer. Beginning with version 6.1, HP Client Manager takes

advantage of HP CMI exposed features and capabilities.

HP System Software Manager

HP System Software Manager (SSM) is a valuable tool in the custom IT solution arsenal for managing

HP client computers. HP SSM supports automation of software and BIOS updates, and an ability to

report and modify BIOS settings through a text-based file format. Available later this year, SSM 2.0

will leverage HP CMI to provide BIOS configuration support to 32-bit and 64-bit versions of Windows

in a manner familiar to users of the utility.

Developing Custom Solutions

The following sections describe the HP CMI architecture at a detailed level for application developers

and IT professionals familiar with WMI and CIM concepts. There are several reference links at the

end of this paper to learn more information on CIM and the capabilities of WMI-based management

solutions.

The management classes are described that are surfaced through HP CMI in managed object format

(MOF) syntax. HP CMI relies on the object inheritance capability of CIM to create a flexible and

extensible interface to hardware instrumentation details.

Following the explanation of the properties and methods provided via HP CMI, several examples are

provided to demonstrate the capability of HP CMI in handling client management tasks.

The examples presented herein are based on Windows Scripting Host technology. However, any

development environment capable of connecting to WMI could be used instead. Microsoft Visual

Basic Scripting Edition is used to simplify the example scenarios.

Hardware Sensor Information

MOF Definition

#pragma namespace("\\\\.\\root\\HP\\InstrumentedBIOS");

[abstract]

class HP_BIOSSensor

{

[read] string Name;

[read] string Description;

[read, ValueMap {"0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9",

"10","11","12"}, Values {"Unknown","Other","Temperature",

"Voltage","Current","Tachometer","Counter","Switch","Lock",

"Humidity","Smoke Detection","Presence","Air Flow"}]

uint32 SensorType;

[read] string OtherSensorType;

[read, ValueMap {"0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9",

"10","11","12","13","14","15","16","17","18","..",

"0x8000.."}, Values {"Unknown","Other","OK","Degraded",

"Stressed","Predictive Failure","Error",

"Non-Recoverable Error","Starting","Stopping","Stopped",

"In Service","No Contact","Lost Communication","Aborted",

"Dormant","Supporting Entity in Error","Completed",

"Power Mode","DMTF Reserved","Vendor Reserved"}]

uint32 OperationalStatus;

[read] string CurrentState;

[read] string PossibleStates[];

};

class HP_BIOSStateSensor : HP_BIOSSensor

{

};

class HP_BIOSNumericSensor : HP_BIOSSensor

{

[read, ValueMap {"0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9",

"10","11","12","13","14","15","16","17","18","19","20",

"21","22","23","24","25","26","27","28","29","30","31",

"32","33","34","35","36","37","38","39","40","41","42",

"43","44","45","46","47","48","49","50","51","52","53",

"54","55","56","57","58","59","60","61","62","63","64",

"65"}, Values {"Unknown","Other","Degrees C","Degrees F",

"Degrees K","Volts","Amps","Watts","Joules","Coulombs",

"VA","Nits","Lumens","Lux","Candelas","kPa","PSI",

"Newtons","CFM","RPM","Hertz","Seconds","Minutes",

"Hours","Days","Weeks","Mils","Inches","Feet",

"Cubic Inches","Cubic Feet","Meters","Cubic Centimeters",

"Cubic Meters","Liters","Fluid Ounces","Radians",

"Steradians","Revolutions","Cycles","Gravities","Ounces",

"Pounds","Foot-Pounds","Ounce-Inches","Gauss","Gilberts",

"Henries","Farads","Ohms","Siemens","Moles","Becquerels",

"PPM (parts/million)","Decibels","DbA","DbC","Grays",

"Sieverts","Color Temperature Degrees K","Bits","Bytes",

"Words (data)","DoubleWords","QuadWords","Percentage"}]

uint32 BaseUnits;

[read] sint32 UnitModifier;

[read] uint32 CurrentReading;

};

Property Details

Class Property Description

Name Name identifying the sensor being reported. Typically this will follow

the format <device>_<device number> (ex: Fan_01).

Description A textual description of the sensor. This may indicate which entity this

sensor monitors in a form-factor that could have multiple sensors of the

same type.

SesnorType The type of the Sensor, e.g. Voltage or Temperature Sensor. If the type

is set to "Other", then the OtherSensorType can be used to further

identify the type, or if the Sensor has numeric readings, then the type of

the Sensor can be implicitly determined by the Units. A description of

the different Sensor types is as follows: A Temperature Sensor measures

the environmental temperature. Voltage and Current Sensors measure

electrical voltage and current readings. A Tachometer measures

speed/revolutions of a device. For example, a Fan Device can have an

associated Tachometer which measures its speed. A Counter is a

general purpose Sensor that measures some numerical property of a

Device. A Counter value can be cleared, but it never decreases. A

Switch Sensor has states like Open/Close, On/Off, or Up/Down. A

Lock has states of Locked/Unlocked. Humidity, Smoke Detection and

Air Flow Sensors measure the equivalent environmental characteristics.

A Presence Sensor detects the presence of a physical element.

OtherSensorType A string describing the Sensor type. Used when the SensorType

property is set to "Other".

OperationalStatus Indicates the current status(es) of the element. Various operational

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