Juniper SECURITY THREAT RESPONSE MANAGER 2008.2 - EVENT CATEGORY CORRELATION REV... Manuale utente

Juniper Networks, Inc.

1194 North Mathilda Avenue

Sunnyvale, CA 94089

USA

408-745-2000

www.juniper.net

Part Number: 530-025607-01, Revision 1

Security Threat Response Manager

Event Category Correlation Reference

Guide

Release 2008.2

2

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document are the property of Juniper Networks or their respective owners. All specifications are subject to change without notice. Juniper Networks

assumes no responsibility for any inaccuracies in this document or for any obligation to update information in this document. Juniper Networks reserves

the right to change, modify, transfer, or otherwise revise this publication without notice.

FCC Statement

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digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the

equipment is operated in a commercial environment. The equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio-frequency energy and, if not installed and

used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential

area is likely to cause harmful interference, in which case users will be required to correct the interference at their own expense. The following

information is for FCC compliance of Class B devices: The equipment described in this manual generates and may radiate radio-frequency energy. If it

is not installed in accordance with NetScreen’s installation instructions, it may cause interferencewith radio and television reception. This equipment has

been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device in accordance with the specifications in part 15 of the FCC rules. These

specifications are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference in a residential installation. However, there is no guarantee that

interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be

determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver. Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV

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THE SOFTWARE LICENSE AND LIMITED WARRANTY FOR THE ACCOMPANYING PRODUCT ARE SET FORTH IN THE INFORMATION PACKET

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Event Category Correlation Reference guide

Release 2008.2

Revision History

June 2008—Beta Draft

The information in this document is current as of the date listed in the revision history.

CONTENTS

ABOUT THIS GUIDE

Conventions 1

Technical Documentation 1

Documentation Feedback 1

Requesting Support 2

EVENT CATEGORY CORRELATION

About Event Category Correlation 1

High-Level Event Categories 3

Event Correlation Processing 4

Additional Event Processing 14

Recon 14

DoS 16

Authentication 18

Access 23

Exploit 24

Malware 25

Suspicious Activity 26

System 30

Policy 33

CRE 34

Potential Exploit 34

SIM Audit 35

VIS Host Discovery 36

Application 36

STRM Event Category Correlation Reference Guide

ABOUT THIS GUIDE

The Event Category Correlation Reference Guide provides you with information on

how to investigate various types of security threats using the Offense Manager,

Event Viewer, or Flow Viewer. You can sort offenses by category (such as, exploit,

policy, or malware).

Conventions Table 1 lists conventions that are used throughout this guide.

Technical

Documentation You can access technical documentation, technical notes, and release notes

directly from the Juniper networks Support Web site at

http://www.juniper.net/support/.

Documentation

Feedback We encourage you to provide feedback, comments, and suggestions so that we

can improve the documentation. Send your comments to

techpubs-comments@juniper.net, or fill out the documentation feedback form at

http://www.juniper.net/techpubs/docbug/docbugreport.html. If you are using e-mail, be

sure to include the following information with your comments:

•Document name

•Document part number

•Page number

•Software release version

Table 1 Icons

Icon Type Description

Information note Information that describes important features or

instructions.

Caution Information that alerts you to potential loss of

data or potential damage to an application,

system, device, or network.

Warning Information that alerts you to potential personal

injury.

STRM Event Category Correlation Reference Guide

2ABOUT THIS GUIDE

Requesting

Support • Open a support case using the Case Management link at

http://www.juniper.net/support/ or call 1-888-314-JTAC (from the United States,

Canada, or Mexico) or 1-408-745-9500 (from elsewhere).

STRM Event Category Correlation Reference

EVENT CATEGORY CORRELATION

This document provides information on the types of event categories and the

processing of events. For example, the event category determines if events will

have an offense automatically created, real-time flow analysis, rate analysis, and

the default correlation tests performed. This document provides information on

event correlation including:

•About Event Category Correlation

•Recon

•DoS

•Authentication

•Access

•Exploit

•Malware

•Suspicious Activity

•System

•Policy

•CRE

•Potential Exploit

•SIM Audit

•VIS Host Discovery

•Application

About Event

Category

Correlation

An Event Processor processes events collected from one or more Event

Collector(s). Once received, the Event Processor correlates the information from

STRM and distributes to the appropriate Correlation Group for processing.

The Correlation Groups perform tests on the events to determine factors such as

vulnerability data, relevance of the targets, importance, or credibility of the events.

The results of the Correlation Group tests appear as annotations in the Offense

Manager and Event Viewer. Also, custom rules are applied to additional events for

specific incident recognition. Once complete, the Event Processor stores the event

STRM Event Category Correlation Reference

2EVENT CATEGORY CORRELATION

in the Ariel database and, in some circumstances, performs real-time flow analysis

to determine the appropriate routing of the event.

For example, Figure 2-1 provides a representation of the process within the Event

Processor for processing events. Once the Event Processor receives an event, the

Category Router determines the appropriate Correlation Group to apply tests to

the event. Once complete, the event is passed through the Custom Rules Engine

to determine the custom rules that apply to the event. The event is then passed

through the Ariel database for storage and the Flow Context and Routing

components to determine if real-time flow analysis should be performed and if the

event should automatically generate a new offense or become part of an existing

offense. If this is the case, the event is sent to the Magistrate. If real-time flow

analysis is requested of the event, a request is sent to the Classification Engine to

determine routing.

Figure 2-1 Event Category Correlation Process

This section includes:

•High-Level Event Categories

•Event Correlation Processing

•Additional Event Processing

Event Collector Event Collector

Category Router

Correlation

Group 1

Correlation

Group 2

Correlation

Group 3

Correlation

Group 4

Correlation

Group 5

Custom Rules

Engine

Ariel DB Storage

Classification Engine Magistrate

Events Events

Event Processor

Events

Flow Context and Routing

External Event

Exported to:

E-mail

Syslog

SNMP

STRM Event Category Correlation Reference

About Event Category Correlation 3

High-Level Event

Categories The high-level event categories include:

Table 2-1 High-Level Event Categories

Category Description

Recon Events relating to scanning and other techniques used to identify

network resources, for example, network or host port scans.

DoS Events relating to Denial of Service (DoS) or Distributed Denial of

Service (DDoS) attacks against services or hosts, for example,

brute force network DoS attacks.

Authentication Events relating to authentication controls, group, or privilege

change, for example, log in or log out.

Access Events resulting from an attempt to access network resources,

for example, firewall accept or deny.

Exploit Events relating to application exploits and buffer overflow

attempts, for example, buffer overflow or web application

exploits.

Malware Events relating to viruses, trojans, back door attacks, or other

forms of hostile software. This may include a virus, trojan,

malicious software, or spyware.

Suspicious

Activity The nature of the threat is unknown but behavior is suspicious

including protocol anomalies that potentially indicate evasive

techniques, for example, packet fragmentation or known IDS

evasion techniques.

System Events related to system changes, software installation, or status

messages.

Policy Events regarding corporate policy violations or misuse.

CRE Events generated from an offense or event rule. For more

information on creating custom rules, see the STRM

Administration Guide.

Potential Exploit Events relating to potential application exploits and buffer

overflow attempts.

SIM Audit Events relating to user interaction with the Console and STRM

Administration Console.

VIS Host

Discovery Events relating to the host, ports, or vulnerabilities that the VIS

component discovers.

Application Events relating to application activity.

STRM Event Category Correlation Reference

4EVENT CATEGORY CORRELATION

Event Correlation

Processing For each event category, the Correlation Group determines the correlation rules

(tests) that are performed on each event. Each test is performed and assigned a

value between 0 and 10. Once all tests are complete, all test results are weighted

and the data for the event is provided in the event viewer. Table 2-2 provides a list

of possible correlation rules (tests).

Table 2-2 Correlation Rules (Tests)

Rule Description

Relevance of the

day of the week Determines the relevance of the day of the week for this event.

For example, if the event occurs on the weekend, an attack may

have a higher relevance.

Device credibility Credibility rating can be applied on a per device basis that allows

users to associate a credibility to a device based on the level of

trust for the device and the validity of the produced event. For

example, a highly tuned IDS in front of a key server may have a

credibility of 7 while an IDS outside the corporate network may

have a credibility of 3.

Event rate Determines if the event rate of this event type is greater than

normal. This is determined on a category by category basis.

Attacker Determines if the attacker is one of the configured assets.

Target Determines if the target is one of the configured assets.

Source port Determines if the source port is less than 1024. If the port is less

than 1024, the attacker may be attempting to fool a stateless

firewall.

Attacker age Determines the relative importance of how long the attacker has

been known to the system. If the attacker is new, the relevance of

this attacker increases.

Target age Determines the relative importance of how long the target has

been known to the system.

Remote attacker Determines the relative importance of the attacker network.

Remote target Determines the relative importance of the target network.

Target port Determines if the target port is included in the list of most

attacked ports provided by the incidents.org data.

Attacker risk Determine the overall risk assessment value for the attacker

based on the asset profile data.

Target risk Determine the overall risk assessment value for the target.

Time of the attack Determines the time of attack. For example, if the attack occurs

in the middle of the night, which is deemed to be a low traffic

time, this indicates a higher relevance of the attack.

Vulnerable

targeted port If the port is open, determine if the targeted port is vulnerable to

the current exploit.

Vulnerable port Determines if the port is vulnerable to any type of attack or

exploit.

Open target port Determines if the target port is open.

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