Microchip Technology SAM D21 Manuale utente

SAM D21

SAM D21 Curiosity Nano Evaluation Kit User's Guide

Preface

The SAM D21 Curiosity Nano Evaluation Kit (DM320119) is a hardware platform to evaluate the SAMD21G17D

microcontroller (MCU), and it is supported by the MPLAB® X Integrated Development Environment (IDE). The

evaluation kit provides an easy access to the features of the SAMD21G17D to integrate the device into a custom

design. The Curiosity Nano series of evaluation kits include an On-Board Nano Debugger, hence external tools are

not required to program the SAMD21G17D device. The SAM D21 Curiosity Nano Evaluation Kit is shown below.

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Table of Contents

Preface........................................................................................................................................................... 1

1. Introduction............................................................................................................................................. 3

1.1. Features....................................................................................................................................... 3

2. Getting Started........................................................................................................................................ 4

2.1. Curiosity Nano Quick Start........................................................................................................... 4

3. Curiosity Nano.........................................................................................................................................5

3.1. On-Board Nano Debugger........................................................................................................... 5

3.2. Curiosity Nano Standard Pinout................................................................................................... 6

3.3. Power Supply............................................................................................................................... 7

3.4. Disconnecting the On-Board Nano Debugger..............................................................................9

3.5. Current Measurement................................................................................................................ 10

4. Hardware...............................................................................................................................................11

4.1. Connectors................................................................................................................................. 11

4.2. Peripherals................................................................................................................................. 14

4.3. On-Board Nano Debugger Implementation................................................................................14

5. Hardware Revision History....................................................................................................................16

5.1. Identifying Product ID and Revision........................................................................................... 16

6. Schematics............................................................................................................................................17

7. Document Revision History...................................................................................................................20

The Microchip Website.................................................................................................................................21

Product Change Notification Service............................................................................................................21

Customer Support........................................................................................................................................ 21

Microchip Devices Code Protection Feature................................................................................................ 21

Legal Notice................................................................................................................................................. 21

Trademarks.................................................................................................................................................. 22

Quality Management System....................................................................................................................... 22

Worldwide Sales and Service.......................................................................................................................23

SAM D21

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1. Introduction

Kit Overview

The SAM D21 Curiosity Nano evaluation kit is a hardware platform used to evaluate the SAMD21G17D MCU.

Figure 1-1. Kit Overview

1.1 Features

The following are features of the SAM D21 Curiosity Nano evaluation kit:

• SAMD21G17D microcontroller

• One yellow user LED

• One mechanical user switch

• On-Board Nano Debugger

– Board identification in MPLAB X IDE

– One green power/status LED

– Programing and debugging

– Virtual COM port (CDC)

– One logic analyzer (DGI GPIO)

• USB powered

• Adjustable target voltage

– MIC5353 LDO regulator controlled by the On-Board Nano Debugger

– 1.7V to 3.6V output voltage

– 500 mA maximum output current (limited by ambient temperature and output voltage)

SAM D21

Introduction

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2. Getting Started

2.1 Curiosity Nano Quick Start

Follow these steps to explore the Curiosity Nano platform:

1. Download MPLAB X IDE.

2. Launch MPLAB X IDE.

3. Connect a USB cable (Standard-A to Micro-B or Micro-AB) between the PC and the debug USB port on the

kit.

When the Curiosity Nano kit is connected to the computer for the first time, the operating system will perform a driver

software installation. The driver file supports both 32-bit and 64-bit versions of Microsoft® Windows® XP, Windows

Vista®, Windows 7, Windows 8, and Windows 10. The drivers for the kit are included with MPLAB X IDE.

After the Curiosity Nano board is powered, the green status LED will be lit and MPLAB X IDE will auto-detect which

Curiosity Nano board is connected. MPLAB X IDE will populate relevant information like data sheets and kit

documentation in the kit window. The SAMD21G17D device is programmed and debugged by the On-Board Nano

Debugger, hence external programmer or debugger tool is not required.

SAM D21

Getting Started

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3. Curiosity Nano

Curiosity Nano is an evaluation platform that provides a set of small boards with access to most of the microcontroller

I/Os. The platform consists of a series of low pin-count microcontroller (MCU) boards, which are integrated with

MPLAB X IDE to present relevant user guides, application notes, data sheets, and example codes. The platform

features a Virtual COM port (CDC) for serial communication to a host PC and a Data Gateway Interface (DGI) GPIO.

3.1 On-Board Nano Debugger

The SAM D21 Curiosity Nano contains an On-Board Nano Debugger for programming and debugging. The On-Board

Nano Debugger is a complex USB device consists of several interfaces, such as a debugger, a mass storage device,

a data gateway, and a Virtual COM port (CDC). Together with MPLAB X IDE, the On-Board Nano Debugger interface

can program and debug SAMD21G17D. An DGI is available for use with the logic analyzer channels for code

instrumentation to visualize program flow. DGI GPIOs can be graphed using the Data Visualizer. The Virtual COM

port is connected to a UART on the SAMD21G17D and it provides an easy way to communicate with the target

application through terminal software. The On-Board Nano Debugger controls one Power/Status LED (marked PS)

on the SAM D21 Curiosity Nano evaluation board. The following table describes how the LED is controlled in different

operation modes.

Table 3-1. On-Board Nano Debugger LED Control

Operation Mode Status LED

Boot Loader mode LED blink at 1 Hz during power up.

Power-up LED is lit, constant.

Normal operation LED is lit, constant.

Programming Activity indicator, the LED flashes slowly during programming or debugging.

Fault The LED flashes fast if a power fault is detected.

Sleep/Off LED is OFF. The On-Board Nano Debugger is either in Sleep mode or Power-Down mode. This

will occur only if the kit is externally powered

3.1.1 Virtual COM Port

A general-purpose USB serial bridge between a host PC and a target device.

3.1.1.1 Overview

The debugger implements a complex USB device that includes a standard Communications Device Class (CDC)

interface, which appears on the host as a Virtual COM Port. The CDC can be used to stream arbitrary data in both

directions between the host and the target. Characters sent from the host will appear in UART form on the CDC TX

pin, and UART characters sent into the CDC RX pin will be sent back to the host. On Windows machines, the CDC

will enumerate as the Curiosity Virtual COM Port and appear in the ports section of the device manager. The COM

port number is usually shown here.

Note: On the older version of Windows systems a USB driver is required for CDC. This driver is included in Atmel®

Studio and MPLAB X IDE installations. On Linux machines, the CDC will enumerate and appear as /dev/ttyACM#.

On MAC machines, the CDC will enumerate and appear as /dev/tty.usbmodem#. Depending on which terminal

program is used, it will appear in the available list of modems as usbmodem#.

3.1.1.2 Limitations

Not all UART features are implemented in the debugger CDC, and the constraints are outlined below:

• Baud rate: Must be in the range of 1200 bps to 500 kbps. Values outside this range will be capped to these

values, without warning. Baud rate can be changed on-the-fly.

• Character format: Only 8-bit characters are supported.

• Parity: Can be odd, even, or none.

• Hardware flow control: Not supported.

SAM D21

Curiosity Nano

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• Stop bits: One or two bits are supported.

3.1.1.3 Signaling

During USB enumeration, the host OS will start both communication and data pipes of the CDC interface. At this

point, it is possible to set and read baud rate and other UART parameters of the CDC, but data sending and receiving

will not be enabled. When a terminal connects on the host, it must assert the DTR signal. This is a virtual control

signal that is implemented on the USB interface but not in hardware on the debugger. Asserting DTR from the host

will indicate to the debugger that a CDC session is active, and it will enable its level shifters (if available), and start

the CDC data send and receive mechanisms. Deasserting the DTR signal will not disable the level shifters, but it will

disable the receiver, hence no further data will be streamed to the host. Data packets that are already queued up for

sending to the target will continue to be sent out, but no further data will be accepted.

3.1.1.4 Advanced Use

When the CDC Override mode is in normal operation, the On-Board Nano Debugger is a true UART bridge between

the host and the device. However, under certain use cases, the debugger can override the Basic Operating mode

and use the CDC pins for other purposes. Dropping a text file (with extension .txt) into the debugger’s mass

storage drive can be used to send characters out of the CDC TX pin. The text file must start with the characters:

CMD:SEND_UART=. The maximum message length is 50 characters, and all remaining data in the frame is ignored.

The default baud rate used in this mode is 9600 bps, but if the CDC is already active or has been configured, the

recently used baud rate still applies.

USB-Level Framing Considerations

Sending data from the host to the CDC can be done byte-wise or in blocks, which will be chunked into 64-byte USB

frames. Each frame will be queued up for sending to the CDC TX pin. Sending a small amount of data per frame can

be inefficient, particularly at low-baud rates, because the debugger buffers frames, not bytes. A maximum of 4 x 64-

byte frames can be active at any time, the debugger will throttle the incoming frames accordingly. Sending full 64-

byte frames containing data is the most efficient. When receiving data from the target, the debugger will queue up

incoming bytes into 64-byte frames, which are sent to the USB queue for transmission to the host when they are full.

Incomplete frames are also pushed to the USB queue at approximately 100 ms intervals, triggered by USB start-of-

frame tokens. Up to 8 x 64-byte frames can be active at any time. If the host or software running on it, fails to receive

data fast enough, an overrun will occur. When this happens the last-filled buffer frame will be recycled instead of

being sent to the USB queue, and a full frame of data will be lost. To prevent this occurrence, the user must ensure

that the CDC data pipe is being read continuously, or the incoming data rate must be reduced.

Note: Mass storage disk is not supported during this release.

3.1.2 Mass Storage Disk

Not supported at this time.

3.2 Curiosity Nano Standard Pinout

The twelve edge connections closest to the USB connector on Curiosity Nano kits have a standardized pinout. The

program and debug pins have different functions depending on the target programming interface as shown in the

following table and figure.

Table 3-2. Curiosity Nano Standard Pinout

Debugger Signal ICSP Target Description

NC - No connect.

ID - ID line for extensions.

CDC RX UART TX USB CDC RX line.

CDC TX UART RX USB CDC TX line.

DBG1 SWCLK Debug clock line

DBG2 GPIO DGI GPIO

SAM D21

Curiosity Nano

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...........continued

Debugger Signal ICSP Target Description

VTG - Target voltage

GND - Common ground.

DBG0 SWDATA Debug data line.

DBG3 nRESET Reset line

VOFF - Voltage Off input.

VBUS - VBUS voltage for external use.

Figure 3-1. Curiosity Nano Standard Pinout

3.3 Power Supply

The evaluation kit is powered through the USB port and contains two regulators for generating 3.3V for the debugger

and an adjustable regulator for the target. The voltage from the USB connector can vary between 4.4V-5.25V

(according to the USB specification) and will limit the maximum voltage to the target. The following figure shows the

entire power supply system on the SAM D21 Curiosity Nano.

Figure 3-2. Power Supply Block Diagram

SAM D21

Curiosity Nano

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3.3.1 Target Voltage Regulator

The target voltage regulator is a MIC5353 variable output LDO. The On-Board Nano Debugger can adjust the voltage

output that is supplied to the kit target section by manipulating the MIC5353's feedback voltage. The hardware

implementation is limited to an approximate voltage range from 1.7V-5.1V. Additional output voltage limits are

configured in the debugger firmware to ensure that the output voltage never exceeds the hardware limits of the

SAMD21G17D microcontroller. The voltage limits configured in the On-Board Nano Debugger on the SAM D21

Curiosity Nano are 1.7V-3.6 V. The target voltage is set to 3.3V in production and can be changed through Atmel

Studio. Any change to the target voltage done in Atmel Studio is persistent, even through a power toggle. The

MIC5353 supports a maximum current load of 500 mA. It is an LDO regulator in a small package, placed on a small

PCB, and the thermal shutdown condition can be reached at lower loads than 500 mA. The maximum current load

depends on the input voltage, set output voltage, and the ambient temperature. The following figure shows the safe

operation area for the regulator with an input voltage of 5.1V and an ambient temperature of 23°C.

Figure 3-3. Target Regulator Safe Operation Area

3.3.2 External Supply

The SAM D21 Curiosity Nano evaluation kit can be powered by an external voltage instead of the on-board target

regulator. When the Voltage Off (VOFF) pin is shorted to ground (GND), the On-Board Nano Debugger firmware

disables the target regulator and it is safe to apply an external voltage to the VTG pin.

WARNING

Applying an external voltage to the VTG pin without shorting VOFF to GND may cause permanent damage

to the kit.

WARNING

Absolute maximum external voltage is 5.5V for the level shifters on board. Applying a higher voltage may

cause permanent damage to the kit.

Programming, debugging, and data streaming are still possible while using the external power. The debugger and

signal level shifters will be powered from the USB cable. Both regulators, the debugger, and the level shifters are

powered down when the USB cable is removed.

SAM D21

Curiosity Nano

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3.4 Disconnecting the On-Board Nano Debugger

The following block diagram shows connections between the debugger and the SAMD21G17D microcontroller. The

round boxes represent connections to the board edge on the SAM D21 Curiosity Nano. The signal names are shown

in Figure 3-1 and printed in silkscreen on the bottom side of the board.

Figure 3-4. On-Board Nano Debugger Connections

By cutting the GPIO straps with a sharp tool, as shown in the following figure, all I/Os connected between the

debugger and the SAMD21G17D can be disconnected. To disconnect the target regulator, cut the VTG strap.

Notes:

1. Cutting the connections to the debugger will disable programming, debugging, data streaming, and the target

power supply. The signals will also be disconnected from the board edge next to the On-Board Nano

Debugger section.

2. Solder in 0Ω resistors across the footprints or short-circuit them with tin solder to reconnect any cut signals.

SAM D21

Curiosity Nano

3.5 Current Measurement

The power to the SAMD21G17D is connected from the on-board power supply to the target voltage supply (VTG)

with a cut strap as shown in Disconnecting the On-Board Debugger. To measure the power consumption of the

SAMD21G17D and other peripherals connected to the board, cut the strap and connect an ammeter over the strap.

The ammeter can be connected between the target VTG pad edge connector and an external power supply for easy

measurement. Alternatively, an external power supply can be used as described in External Supply.

Tip: The on-board level shifters will draw a small amount of current even when they are not in use.

Disconnect the On-Board Nano Debugger and level shifters as described in Disconnecting the On-Board

Debugger to prevent any current leakage.

SAM D21

Curiosity Nano

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