National Instruments NI 9758 Manuale utente

USER MANUAL

NI 9758

NI Powertrain Controls Port Fuel Injector Driver Module

Contents

Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 2

Pinout........................................................................................................................................ 2

Hardware .................................................................................................................................. 3

Powering the Module................................................................................................................ 3

Platform Compatibility ............................................................................................................. 4

Port Fuel Injector Drivers ......................................................................................................... 4

Low-Side Drivers ..................................................................................................................... 7

Compliance and Certifications ................................................................................................. 9

Physical Specifications and Characteristics ............................................................................. 11

2|ni.com |NI 9758 User Manual

Introduction

The National Instruments 9758 Port Fuel Injector (PFI) Driver Module includes a CompactRIO

(cRIO) module for driving low and high impedance Port Fuel Injectors (PFI) and general

purpose automotive solenoid valves and actuators. The NI 9758 includes a LabVIEW FPGA VI

for controlling each driver channel. Each PFI channel is individually controlled for timing and

duration. Each general purpose low-side solenoid driver is PWM controlled, capable of 0% to

100% duty cycle operation.

Features:

• 4-channel low or high impedance PFI driver

– Two phase current control

– Turnable current level and duration for each phase

– Optional recirculation at end of pulse

– Open and short circuit detection and reporting with short circuit disable

• 4-channel general purpose low-side solenoid driver

– 1.5 A continuous duty

– PWM controlled

• 0% to 100% duty cycle operation

• 2 Hz to 10 kHz frequency operation

• 500 ns resolution

– Open and short circuit detection and reporting with short circuit disable

• External power supply of 7 V to 32 V

Pinout

Figure 1. NI 9758 Pin Assignments

NI 9758 Manual |© National Instruments |3

Hardware

The NI 9758 provides four port fuel injector drivers and four general purpose low-side solenoid

drivers in a NI CompactRIO module.

Powering the Module

The NI 9758 requires power from two different sources, a 15-pin D-SUB (HD15) connector and

the external screw-terminal connector.

The CompactRIO backplane male high density D-SUB 15-pin (HD15) connector mates with the

module’s female HD15 connector. This power source provides a regulated 5 V and ground to

various digital logic functions within the module. The CompactRIO 5 V source is active

whenever the CompactRIO or R Series Expansion Chassis is properly powered. The NI 9758

should only be powered at the HD15 connector by plugging it into a CompactRIO or R Series

Expansion Chassis. The NI9758 HD15 connector should not be connected to any other device.

The external screw-terminal connector with the terminals labeled BATT (0) and GND (9)

provide a second power source. Typical power sources will be from automotive 12 V or 24 V

battery systems. The NI 9758 can accept power from 7 V to 32 V. The NI 9758 requires a

maximum of 100 mA from an external power supply. When actuators and injectors are

connected to and powered from the same power supply as the NI 9758, a battery or power supply

capable of 10 A continuous output will be required under a full load.

The NI 9758 requires both external power and power from the CompactRIO backplane. The high

current path is directed through the BATT and GND terminals on the front of the NI 9758, not

through the HD15 backplane connector.

Note The NI 9758 will not be recognized by software without both power supplies

active.

Caution The external battery supply input terminals are not reverse voltage

polarity protected. Connecting power to the NI 9758 in reverse polarity will damage

the NI 9758. This event is not covered by the warranty

4|ni.com |NI 9758 User Manual

Platform Compatibility

NI Powertrain Control modules require a hardware support system to function. You cannot use

the modules independently or interfaced with third-party devices at the backplane HD15

connector. NI Powertrain Control modules are compatible with the following National

Instruments platforms:

• CompactRIO, which consists of a CompactRIO controller, chassis, or integrated

controller/chassis.

• NI PXI, which consists of any NI PXI chassis, NI PXI RT controller, and NI PXI-78xxR

R Series FPGA card. The NI Powertrain Control modules insert into an NI R Series

expansion chassis. Connect an NI R Series expansion chassis to the NI PXI FPGA card

using a SHC68-68-RDIO cable.

Note NI Powertrain Control modules are not compatible with the National

Instruments CompactDAQ chassis.

You can use NI Powertrain Control modules with NI cRIO-911x, NI cRIO-907x, and NI R Series

Expansion systems under the following conditions:

• Leave one empty chassis slot between NI Powertrain Control modules and other NI

modules.

• Maintain an ambient system operating temperature of 0 °C to 45 °C.

Note Typical specifications of National Instruments modules might not apply when

used in a system with NI Powertrain Control modules.

Note National Instruments guarantees warranted specifications for all National

Instruments modules except thermocouple modules when used in a system with

NI Powertrain Control modules.

Note National Instruments recommends the NI 9214 for thermocouple

measurements in CompactRIO systems using NI Powertrain Control modules.

Note NI Powertrain Control modules do not support Scan Interface mode,

auto-detection, or ID mode.

Port Fuel Injector Drivers

Each PFI driver channel is capable of driving low or high impedance port fuel injectors.

Driving Low Impedance Injectors

Low impedance injectors will have approximately 2 Ωresistance across the solenoid which

allows a higher current through the solenoid to enable faster valve opening times. High current

is not needed for the entire duration of the injection event in order to keep the valve open. The

initial current level is referred to as the peak current and the current level for the remaining

injection duration is referred to as the hold current. The standard configuration for the PFI

drivers is a peak current of 4 A and a hold current of 1 A.

NI 9758 Manual |© National Instruments |5

The NI 9758 has two phases of current control. The maximum phase current is 4 A. Control can

be set to transition from the first to the second phase after a set time or immediately when the

first current level is reached. To drive low impedance injectors, set the first phase peak current

to 4 A and the second phase hold current to 1 A.

If for the entire duration of the injection event, neither peak nor hold current levels are reached,

then an open circuit will be reported for the channel. It is possible that an open condition may be

falsely reported under certain conditions, even though a fuel injector is properly connected.

Examples of this include very low battery voltage, poor connections which introduce added

resistance, or total injection duration, which is less than the requested peak time and the peak

current is never reached.

Each PFI driver channel is protected from accidental short circuit to battery. At the beginning of

each injection event, the current rise rate is monitored in order to detect a short circuit. If the

current rises faster than expected for a typical port fuel injector solenoid, then a short circuit error

flag will be reported for that channel and the channel will be disabled until software clears the

error flag. Short circuit detection is also performed continuously at a later time within each

injection event. The short circuit error flag for each channel will not be cleared while an injection

event is being commanded for that channel. It is strongly recommended that the user not

continually clear the short circuit error flags, as this may lead to driver circuit damage in the

event of an actual short circuit. Even though the short circuit detection and disable feature is

present, it is strongly recommended that the wiring harness include a 5 A automotive fuse for

four low impedance injectors as shown below.

Figure 2 is a representation of a typical peak/hold current trace if one of the injector leads were

monitored with a current probe and oscilloscope.

Figure 2. Peak/Hold Current Profile

6|ni.com |NI 9758 User Manual

Driving High Impedance Injectors

High impedance injectors may be used with the PFI driver circuits without any hardware or

software configuration changes. High impedance injectors will have approximately 12 Ω

resistance across the solenoid. Typically, less than 1 A is required to open and hold the solenoid

valve.

High impedance injectors require a single current phase. Set the duration of the first phase to

zero to keep control of the phase during the injection event.

The open circuit flag should be ignored when driving high impedance injectors because the hold

current level of 1 A may never be reached, thus reporting a false open circuit.

Short circuit detection operates identically to that of low impedance injector control and the

channel will be disabled if a short is detected, until the error flag is cleared in software. Even

though the short circuit detection and disable feature is present, it is strongly recommended that

the wiring harness include a 5 A automotive fuse for four high impedance injectors.

Figure 3. Hold Current Reached and Controlled

Figure 4. Hold Current Never Reached

Caution Do not attempt to drive low impedance injectors with the general purpose

low-side switch drivers. The low-side drivers are only rated for 1.2 A continuous. The

resulting higher current levels could damage the low-side drivers.

NI 9758 Manual |© National Instruments |7

Figure 5. Connecting Port Fuel Injectors to the Driver Module

Note A CompactRIO controller may be powered by the same power source or by

an isolated power source. If the Compact RIO controller is powered by the same

battery used for cranking the engine, then it is possible that the battery voltage

will drop below 9 V during cranking, causing the CompactRIO controller to reset.

This can be prevented by using a small backup battery and a diode pack for the

CompactRIO controller. Visit ni.com/info and enter Info Code PFI for

recommended parts and connections for the NI 9758.

Low-Side Drivers

The low-side drivers are capable of driving a wide variety of automotive relays and actuators.

Examples of actuators include EGR valves, turbo wastegate valves, fuel pressure regulators, or

any single-solenoid-actuator which draws less than 1.2 A at the highest expected battery voltage.

Caution Do not attempt to drive low impedance injectors or solenoids with the

general purpose low-side drivers. The low-side drivers are only rated for 1.2 A

continuous. Higher current levels could damage the low-side drivers.

Each channel is independently controlled within the module via pulse-width modulation

(PWM). PWM duty cycle from 0% to 100% is possible. Software on the RIO FPGA device

communicates several parameters for each channel to operate. Those parameters are Enable,

Period and PulseWidth. All parameters are communicated serially at 200 µs intervals. Each

PWM controller utilizes a 20-bit timer operating at 2 MHz. This provides a resolution of 500 ns

and a minimum PWM frequency of 2 Hz. Since 0% and 100% duty cycles are possible, relays

and actuators may be controlled in continuous on or off states.

8|ni.com |NI 9758 User Manual

Each low-side driver channel automatically tests for open circuit conditions. When the low-side

switch is commanded open, the circuit is tested for an open condition. Upon detection of an open

circuit, an open circuit error flag will be reported. The error flag may be cleared by software.

Driver circuit operation is not affected by an open circuit error flag that is left asserted.

Each low-side driver channel automatically protects itself from an accidental short circuit to

battery. When the low-side switch is commanded closed, the circuit is tested for a short. Upon

detection of a short, a short circuit error flag will be reported for the channel and the channel will

be disabled until software clears the error flag. The short circuit error flag for each channel will

not be cleared while the switch is being commanded closed. It is strongly recommended that the

user not continually clear the short circuit error flags, as this may lead to driver circuit damage

in the event of an actual short circuit. Even though the short circuit detection and disable feature

is present, it is strongly recommended that the wiring harness include a 5 A automotive fuse for

four solenoids.

Figure 6. Connecting General Purpose Solenoids to the Low-Side Driver Channels

Note A CompactRIO controller may be powered by the same power source or by

an isolated power source. If the CompactRIO controller is powered by the same

battery used for cranking the engine, then it is possible that the battery voltage will

drop below 9 V during cranking, causing the CompactRIO controller to reset. This

can be prevented by using a small backup battery and a diode pack for the

CompactRIO controller.

NI 9758 Manual |© National Instruments |9

Compliance and Certifications

Safety

This product meets the requirements of the following standards of safety for electrical

equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use:

• IEC 61010-1, EN 61010-1

• UL 61010-1, CSA 61010-1

Electromagnetic Compatibility

This product meets the requirements of the following EMC standards for electrical equipment

for measurement, control, and laboratory use:

• EN 61326-1 (IEC 61326-1): Class A emissions; Industrial immunity

• EN 55011 (CISPR 11): Group 1, Class A emissions

• AS/NZS CISPR 11: Group 1, Class A emissions

• FCC 47 CFR Part 15B: Class A emissions

• ICES-001: Class A emissions

Caution When operating this product, use shielded cables and accessories.

CE Compliance

This product meets the essential requirements of applicable European Directives as follows:

• 2006/95/EC; Low-Voltage Directive (safety)

• 2004/108/EC; Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive (EMC)

10 |ni.com |NI 9758 User Manual

Environmental Management

NI is committed to designing and manufacturing products in an environmentally responsible

manner. NI recognizes that eliminating certain hazardous substances from our products is

beneficial to the environment and to NI customers.

For additional environmental information, refer to the Minimize Our Environmental Impact web

page at ni.com/environment. This page contains the environmental regulations and

directives with which NI complies, as well as other environmental information not included in

this document.

Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE)

EU Customers At the end of the product life cycle, all products must be sent to

a WEEE recycling center. For more information about WEEE recycling centers,

National Instruments WEEE initiatives, and compliance with WEEE Directive

2002/96/EC on Waste and Electronic Equipment, visit ni.com/environment/

weee.

Battery Replacement and Disposal

Battery Directive Battery Directive This device contains a long-life coin cell

battery. If you need to replace it, use the Return Material Authorization (RMA)

process or contact an authorized National Instruments service representative. For

more information about compliance with the EU Battery Directive 2006/66/EC about

Batteries and Accumulators and Waste Batteries and Accumulators, visit ni.com/

environment/batterydirective.

Ferrite Requirement for EMC Compliance

Install a clamp-on ferrite bead onto both the power supply cable and the signal cable. Power to

the module must be off when adding ferrites. Ferrites must be connected to the power cable and

the signal cable as close to the module as possible. Placing the ferrite elsewhere on the cable

noticeably impairs its effectiveness. Determine the clamp-on ferrite beads to install based on

your application. Use the following ferrites or other similar ferrites:

• Power cable: Laird 28A0592-0A2

• Signal cable: TDK Cat3035 (2 total)

Cd/Hg/Pb

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(RoHS)Ǆ݇Ѣ National Instruments Ё೑ RoHS ড়㾘ᗻֵᙃˈ䇋ⱏᔩ ni.com/

environment/rohs_chinaǄ(For information about China RoHS compliance,

go to ni.com/environment/rohs_china.)

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