NXP Semiconductors PN7150 Guida

AN11756

PN7150 Hardware Design Guide

Rev. 1.2 — 15 January 2018

347612

Application note

COMPANY PUBLIC

Document information

Info

Content

Keywords

PN7150, Hardware Design, Power modes, Chip interfaces

Abstract

This document is intended to provide an overview on how to integrate the

NFC Controller PN7150 from hardware perspective.

It presents the different hardware design options offered by the IC and

provides guidelines on how to select the most appropriate ones for a

given implementation.

In particular, this document highlights the different chip power states and

how to operate them in order to minimize the average NFC-related power

consumption.

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PN7150 Hardware Design Guide

AN11756

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Rev. 1.2 — 15 January 2018

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Contact information

For additional information, please visit:

http://www.nxp.com

Revision history

Rev

Date

Description

1.2

20180115

Adding information related to WLCSP42 package

Editorial changes

1.1

20160523

Security status changed into “COMPANY PUBLIC”

1.0

20151204

First official version of the document

NXP Semiconductors

AN11756

PN7150 Hardware Design Guide

AN11756

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Application note

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1. Introduction

The PN7150 is a full feature NFC Controller designed for integration in devices compliant

with NFC Forum standards.

It is designed based on learning from previous NXP NFC device generation to ease the

integration of the NFC technology in electronic devices by providing:

- A low PCB footprint and a reduced external Bill of Material by enabling as unique

feature the capability to achieve RF standards with small form factor antenna

- An optimized architecture for low power consumption in different modes (standby,

low power polling loop)

- An highly efficient integrated power management unit allowing direct supply from

a battery while a constant output power (operating distance in Poll mode) for

extended battery supply range (2.75 to 5.5V) can be achieved.

It embeds a new generation RF contactless front-end supporting various transmission

modes according to NFCIP-1 and NFCIP-2, ISO/IEC 14443, ISO/IEC 15693, MIFARE

and FeliCa specifications. This new contactless front-end design brings a major

performance step-up with a higher sensitivity.

Detailed chip features set can be found in the PN7150 Product Datasheet [1].

This application note is intended to give an overview of the way the PN7150 must be

integrated into a hardware platform. It presents in particular the different hardware design

options offered by the PN7150 and it provides guidelines on how to select the most

appropriate ones for a given implementation.

An overview of the different chip interfaces is first shown. Then detailed information

related to each interface is depicted and the related configurations are presented.

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PN7150 Hardware Design Guide

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2. Interfaces

The purpose of this chapter is to give an overview of the PN7150 interfaces and to show

how the chip is interconnected to the external world.

PN7150 external connections are shown in Fig 1.

Then, PN7150 interfaces are listed in Table 1 and the different configuration options are

mentioned.

Antenna

matching / tuning

circuit

Antenna interface

BAT

DD(PAD)

INPUT CLK Optional

CLK request

Power interface

Clock interface

Host controller

Host interface

DD(TX)

Antenna

VEN Optional

IRQ

NFCC

Optional

PWR request

Fig 1. Interfaces summary

The PN7150 provides the following interfaces:

Host interface

Clock interface

Power interface

Antenna interface

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PN7150 Hardware Design Guide

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Table 1. Interface summary

Interface

Short description

Options

Host interface

Link with host controller

•I²C address configuration

•IRQ or polling

•Reset control

Clock interface

Input clock required when

generating RF field •Input clock characteristics

•

CLK request mechanism

Power interface

Interface to power management

unit (direct battery supply

supported)

•Power management concept

•Decoupling capacitors

Antenna interface

Link to an NFC antenna in order to

enable communication with a

remote contactless device

•Antenna selection

•Antenna matching

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PN7150 Hardware Design Guide

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3. Typical application schematics

The purpose of this chapter is to propose an application schematic for PN7150.

The below depicted configuration is based on the following implementation choices:

a. The use of a crystal as input clock source (see 5.1)

b. The use of a standard antenna (see 7.1)

c. The use of VBAT to generate TVDD (see 6.4.1)

Fig 2. Typical Application Schematic in HVQFN package

Fig 3. Typical Application Schematic in WLCSP package

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4. Host interface

4.1 Host interface pinning

Table 2. Host interface pinning

HVQFN pin

WLCSP pin

Symbol

Description

I2CADR0

I2C-bus ADdRess bit 0 input

I2CADR1

I2C-bus ADdRess bit 1 input

I2CSDA

I2C-bus Serial DAta

I2CSCL

I2C-bus Serial Clock Line

IRQ

Interrupt ReQuest output

#10

VEN

V ENable input. Set the device in Hard Power Down

4.2 Host interface pin characteristics

Detailed characteristics of the host interface pins can be found in the PN7150 Product

datasheet [1].

4.3 Digital interface levels

The host controller interface power supply must be connected to the PN7150 on the

VDD(PAD) pin. Both 1.8V and 3V supply levels are supported.

Thus, multiple digital levels between the host controller and the PN7150 can be

supported without the need for level shifters.

For details on the VDD(PAD) range, please refer to the PN7150 Product Datasheet [1].

4.4 I²C bus specificities

Slave address:

In the case where I²C is the selected host interface, the chip will answer to a given I²C

slave address.

This is determined by the combination of a base address and the logical state of

I2CADR0 and I2CADR1 pins: b' 0 1 0 1 0 I2CADR1 I2CADR0’ where I2CADR0 and

I2CADR1 are the least significant bits. For instance, if both I2CADR0 and I2CADR1 are

tied to ground, the 7-bits slave address of the PN7150 is “0x28” (gives 0x50 as 8-bits

write address).

Table 3. I²C slave 8-bits address

I2CADR0 Level

I2CADR1 Level

I2C write address

(R/W bit = 0)

I2C read address

(R/W bit = 1)

0 (GND)

0x50

0x51

1 (VDD(PAD))

0 (GND)

0x52

0x53

0 (GND)

1 (VDD(PAD))

0x54

0x55

1 (VDD(PAD))

0x56

0x57

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Pull-up selection:

Pull-up resistors to VDD(PAD) are required on the I²C lines SDA and SCL. The resistors

value must be selected to meet the I²C timing requirements based on the line

capacitance, the VDD(PAD) level and the targeted maximum I²C clock speed. More

details can be found in the I²C bus specification [3] document.

4.5 Frames reading synchronization

PN7150 answers / notifications toward the host controller are asynchronous and they can

be triggered by an external event (e.g. detection of a card in the RF field).

Therefore, a mechanism must be put in place so that asynchronous frames from the

PN7150 are well captured by the host controller. For this, 3 implementations can be

foreseen on the host controller side:

1- IRQ pin external interrupt

2- IRQ pin polling

3- Read polling

For 1-, connect pin IRQ of the PN7150 to an external interrupt line on the host controller

side. In this case, when the PN7150 has some data available, the IRQ line will be

asserted and if configured accordingly, a software interrupt is generated on the host

controller side. An I2C read is then managed by the corresponding interrupt handler.

For 2-, the principle is to regularly poll the status of the IRQ pin and when it toggles, to

perform a read on the I2C interface.

For 3-, the principle is to regularly perform some read on the I2C interface and to discard

frames starting with the default value as in this case it would mean that no data is

available from the PN7150. The I²C address will not be acknowledged in case the

PN7150 doesn’t have any meaningful data to send to the host.

Implementation -1 is recommended.

IRQ Signal Specification:

The signal can be configured active high or active low via the NCI Configuration

API. This configuration is stored in non-volatile memory. Details can be found in the

PN7150 User Manual [2].

The signal will be active any time data is available in the PN7150 send buffer

The pad state is maintained during the standby mode

The pad is configured in pull down in hard power down mode

4.6 Reset control (VEN)

The PN7150 HW is activated using the input pin VEN.

When VEN is greater than 1.1V the PN7150 core is supplied from VBAT.

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For VEN lower than 0.4V the PN7150 is in hard power down state and the chip’s internal

core is no more supplied.

The chip is reset when VEN is switched back to a voltage level higher than 1.1V.

It is strongly recommended to foresee a control of VEN pin from the host controller side

so that it can reset PN7150 whenever needed.

The VEN pad state is considered as valid information only when the VDD(PAD) pad is

supplied.

Indeed, VEN signal is supposed to be driven by the host controller with which VDD(PAD)

supply is shared. When the supply is not there, this means that the host controller is not

able to drive a meaningful state on the PN7150 VEN pin.

An internal pull-down resistor can be programmed on the PN7150 internal VEN signal in

order to define a clear pin state when it is not externally driven by the host (details can be

found in PN7150 User Manual [2]). It means that when the device is powered-up with

VBAT and VDD(PAD) supplied to the PN7150, the NFC chip will stand in hard power

down until the host controller explicitly drives the VEN pin to the digital high state (during

its boot sequence).

The full PN7150 power states, considering VBAT, VDD(PAD) and VEN pin level, is given

in PN7150 Product datasheet [1].

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5. Clock interface

The core microcontroller of the PN7150 chip can run without any external clock (based

on an internal oscillator). However, the 13.56MHz RF field carrier accuracy requirements

are not compatible with the use of an internal oscillator. As a consequence, the PN7150

needs either to have an external clock supplied to its XTAL1 pin or to be connected to a

crystal oscillator before starting to emit an RF field.

The PN7150 clock interface must be configured properly to reflect whether it is

connected to a crystal oscillator or to an external clock (in this case, the frequency must

also be configured). This is done through the NCI host interface. Details can be found in

PN7150 User Manual [2].

5.1 Use of crystal oscillator

A 27.12MHz crystal can be used as input clock for PN7150. For instance, when there is

no clock on the system complying with the PN7150 input clock specification. When using

a crystal, frequency accuracy and drive level must be carefully selected according to the

specification provided in the PN7150 Product Datasheet [1].

Fig 4. Crystal based clock configuration

Crystal interface has been verified with several references as given below. Other crystal

units might be suitable for the specified usage, but only the ones below have been

properly checked by NXP.

- NDK:

oNX2016AA 27.12MHz EXS00A-03778 (discontinued)

oNX2016SA 27.12MHz EXS00A-CS06346

oNX2016HA 27.12MHz EXS00A-CH00075

- MURATA:

oXRCGB27M120F3M10R0

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