ST STEVAL-L99615C Manuale utente

Introduction

The STEVAL-L99615C is an evaluation kit composed of an expansion board containing the L9961 IC for battery pack monitoring

solutions, and the NUCLEO-G071RB STM32 Nucleo-64 development board, aiming to demonstrate the performance and the

ease of integration with STMicroelectronics technology for BMS applications.

The kit exploits the characteristics of the L9961, able to monitor up to five Li-Ion battery cells in series configuration,

communicating with the STM32G071RB microcontroller, through the I²C interface.

The expansion board has been specifically developed to be stacked on the NUCLEO-G071RB development board through the

ST morpho connectors, and embeds a power connector able to connect it to a 5-cell battery pack, or alternatively to an external

power supply to emulate the battery pack.

A software package containing a dedicated firmware program for the STM32G071RB microcontroller and a GUI for the PC, has

been released to permit users to benefit from the demonstration, looking at the major significant characteristics described by

BMS application: cell voltage and stack voltage monitoring, stack current monitoring, temperature conversion via external NTC,

OV, and UV thresholds management, etc..

Figure 1. STEVAL-L99615C evaluation kit

Getting started with the STEVAL-L99615C evaluation kit based on the L9961

device for battery management system

UM3151

User manual

UM3151 - Rev 1 - April 2023

For further information contact your local STMicroelectronics sales office. www.st.com

1Getting started

1.1 Overview

The STEVAL-L99615C features:

• measurement of cell voltages (3 to 5 cells), with over/undervoltage detection

• measurement of stack voltage, with over/undervoltage detection and plausibility check vs. sum of cells

• measurement of battery pack temperature through an external NTC (emulated by an on-board trimmer)

with over/undertemperature detection

• measurement of battery current, with Coulomb counting, overcurrent, and short-circuit in discharge

protection

• battery cell balancing supporting up to 70 mA per cell

• dual configurable HS/LS pre-driver for pack relay management

• pack fuse management

• high hot plug robustness

1.2 System architecture

The STEVAL-L99615C evaluation kit consists of two subsystems:

• the NUCLEO-G071RB STM32 Nucleo-64 development board embedding the STM32G071RBT6

• the expansion board embedding the L9961 that monitors the battery pack and physically protects the

battery-packed application, contributing also to maintain the expected voltages

Figure 2. NUCLEO-G071RB - L9961 expansion board

1.2.1 NUCLEO-G071RB development board

The NUCLEO-G071RB STM32 Nucleo-64 development board is based on the high-performance Arm Cortex®-

M0+ 32-bit RISC core operating at up to 64 MHz frequency, with 128 KB flash memory and 16 KB SRAM.

The ST morpho headers allow expanding the functionality of the STM32 Nucleo open development platform with

a wide choice of specific shields.

The STM32 Nucleo-64 boards do not require any separate probe as they integrate the ST-LINK/V2-1 debugger/

programmer. They embed comprehensive, free STM32 software libraries and examples available with the

STM32CubeG0 MCU package.

Related links

Refer to the related ST web page NUCLEO-G071RB bill of materials and schematic diagrams

UM3151

Getting started

UM3151 - Rev 1 page 2/30

1.2.2 Expansion board

The expansion board hosts the L9961 BMS device, a complete battery pack monitoring, balancing, and protection

system for Li-Ion and Li-Polymer cells in 3, 4, or 5 series configurations. The device uses a high precision

ADC to provide cell voltage, stack voltage, and temperature conversion via external NTC. Voltage monitoring

functions are cyclically performed with a programmable loop time. Stack current is also monitored via a high

accuracy CSA, continuously running and also performing Coulomb counting. Cell balancing is available and can

be simultaneously activated on all cells. IC configuration and information exchange for SOC/SOH estimation are

performed via the I²C peripheral.

The IC also integrates a dual pre-driver programmable in both HS/LS configurations for driving pack relays. The

L9961 also implements battery pack fuse protection to prevent fire and explosion hazards. A 3.3 V regulator with

a high current capability is available for supplying a pack controller and other external circuitry in both standby

and normal operation modes. The IC protects the battery pack against over/undervoltage conditions and monitors

for over/undertemperature. It also features protection against overcurrent (both directions) and short-circuit in

discharge events. Safety relevant configurations can be stored in the internal NVM to avoid reprogramming the

device at each wake-up.

Figure 3. STEVAL-L99615C expansion board - top and bottom

UM3151

System architecture

UM3151 - Rev 1 page 3/30

1.2.3 Power supply section

In case a real battery is not available, it is possible to use the battery simulator embedded on the L9961 demo

board by installing a J5 jumper and by feeding the L9961 demo board through the CN2 connector (B+ and B-).

Figure 4. Power supply connector and battery simulator

R23

R24

R25

R26

R27

470nF

C18

470nF

C19

470nF

C20

470nF

C21

470nF

C22

BATT_PACK

910

1112

1314

1516

NT3

NT4

Battery Simulator

B-

ISENSEN

ISENSEP

B+

BATT_PACK

UM3151

System architecture

UM3151 - Rev 1 page 4/30

1.2.4 Pack relays stage

The L9961 uses a dual pre-driver stage to manage the external Charge (CHG) and Discharge (DCHG)

switches. The pre-driver stage can be configured as high-side or low-side by programming the CHG_HS_LS

and DCHG_HS_LS field.

To set the DCHG MOSFET to high-side operation, remove the J13 and J14 jumpers and install a jumper in J15

and J16 position 1-2 or for low-side operation, remove the J19 and J20 jumpers and install a jumper in position

2-3. To set the CHG MOSFET to high-side operation, install a jumper in J17 and J18 position 1-2 or for low-side

operation, install a jumper in position 2-3.

Figure 5. Pack relays schematic

J19

J14J13

CH+

CH-

Charge

J20

R29

R31

R30

R28

VSD

DCHG

CHG

VSC

CHG_DCHG

213

J17

213

J18

213

J16

213

J15

CHG_DCHG

TDCHG

TVSD

TVSC

TCHG

STL210N4F7

1 3

ITV4030L2015NR

2.2K

GND

MMSZ4701T1G

GND

FUSE

STL7N6F7

Note: See L9961 datasheet for further details.

UM3151

System architecture

UM3151 - Rev 1 page 5/30

1.2.5 Fuse stage

Under certain conditions classified as permanent failures, the L9961 can be programmed to activate the FUSE

pre-driver. An external NMOS can be driven to blow up a fuse connected in series to the battery pack positive

terminal.

Figure 6. Fuse stage schematic

1 3

ITV4030L2015NR

2.2K

GND

MMSZ4701T1G

GND

FUSE

STL7N6F7

B+

Note: See L9961 datasheet for further details.

UM3151

System architecture

UM3151 - Rev 1 page 6/30

1.2.6 L9961 demo board connectors

The CN1 is a 10-pin IDC style connector used to route sense signals from the remote 5-cell battery board to the

L9961 demo board. The connector contains the Kelvin connections for C0 through C5, the current sense resistors

differential voltage, and the NTC voltage, which can be used to route an external NTC and shunt resistor.

If the external Rshunt is used, R11 should be uninstalled and replaced with the new one.

If the external NTC is used, R12 should be removed. Once it has been removed, the user can connect the

external resistor between the NTC and OD pins. It is important to polarize the NTC with an external pull-up

resistor biased to VREG. For further details regarding the application circuit, please refer to the "Application

Information" section in the L9961 datasheet.

Figure 7. CN1 connector

B-

ISENSEN

ISENSEP

B+

B-

ISENSEN

ISENSEP

B+

1 2

3 4

5 6

7 8

9 10

CN1

10-Pin Male

NTC

This is a 10-pin IDC style connector, which allows to either connect an Aardvark I2C/SPI Host Adapter or a Beagle

I2C/SPI Protocol Analyzer to the L9961 demo board.

Figure 8. CN3 connector

SCL

1GND 2

SDA

3NC/+5V 4

MISO

5NC/+5V 6

SCLK/MDC

7MOSI/MDIO 8

9GND 10

CN3

AARDVARK 10-Pin Male

SDA

SCL

WAKEUP

RDY

FAULTN

FAULTN_SAFE

NSHIP

GND

UM3151

System architecture

UM3151 - Rev 1 page 7/30

2Jumpers and connectors

2.1 L9961 demo board jumpers and connectors

Table 1. L9961 demo board jumpers and connectors description

Name Description Configuration Type

CN1 Remote sense: used to route sense signals from

the 5-cell battery board to the L9961 demo board -10-pin IDC

style

CN2 Battery pack: used to route the power signals from

the 5-cell battery board to the L9961 demo board -

4-pin

Phoenix

header

CN3 Total phase: used to connect an Aardvark I2C/SPI

Host Adapter or a Beagle I2C/SPI Protocol Analyzer -10-pin IDC

style

CN7,

CN10

ST morpho connector: used to place L9961 demo

board on top of the NUCLEO-G071RB micro board - -

J1 Used to measure current flowing into VB pin - -

J2 VIO voltage selector 1-2: 3.3 V from micro

2-3: 3.3 V from L9961 (VREG) -

J4 Used to select micro power source

OPEN: micro is fed from the NUCLEO-

G071RB micro board USB

CLOSE: micro is fed from VREG.

Note: If μC is fed from VREG,

JP3 jumper must be open on

the NUCLEO-G071RB micro

board

J5 Battery simulator: used to simulate battery pack

OPEN: battery simulator circuit is

disconnected.

Note: This configuration is used

when the 5-cell battery board

is connected

CLOSED: battery simulator circuit is

connected

Multiple

position

jumper

J6A Used to connect NSHIP pin to B+ - -

J6B Used to drive NSHIP pin from micro - -

J6C Used to drive WAKEUP pin from SW1 push button - -

J13, J14 Used to bypass the HS relay MOSFETs OPEN: when HS relay MOSFETs is used

CLOSED: when LS relay MOSFETs is used

Soldered

jumper

J19, J20 Used to bypass the LS relay MOSFETs OPEN: when LS relay MOSFETs is used

CLOSED: when HS relay MOSFETs is used

Soldered

jumper

J15,

J16,

J17, J18

Used to configure the relay MOSFETs to either high

or low-side usage

1-2: HS configuration is selected

2-3: LS configuration is used -

SW1

Push button: used to take the device out of

SHIPMENT state

Note: If J6C jumper is closed, the SW1

is also used to take the device out

of STADNBY state.

- -

UM3151

Jumpers and connectors

UM3151 - Rev 1 page 8/30

2.2 NUCLEO-G071RB micro board jumpers and connectors

Table 2. NUCLEO-G071RB micro board jumpers and connectors description

Name Description Configuration Type

CN2 STLINK USB connector - USB micro-B

CN7, CN10 ST morpho connector: used to pace L9961 demo

board on top of the NUCLEO-G071RB micro board - -

JP2 5 V jumper selection(1)

OPEN: no 5 V power

1-2 CLOSED: 5 V from STLINK

3-4 CLOSED: 5 V from VIN 7 V to 12 V

5-6 CLOSED: 5 V from E5V

7-8 CLOSED: 5 V from USB_CHG

JP3 STM32 VDD current measurement Opened when micro is powered from VREG -

1. See UM2324 for further details.

2.3 5-cell battery board connectors

Table 3. 5-cell battery board connectors description

Name Description Configuration Type

CN1 Remote sense: used to route sense signals from the 5-cell battery board to the

L9961 demo board - 10-pin IDC style

CN2 Battery pack: used to route the power signals from the 5-cell battery board to

the L9961 demo board - 4-pin Phoenix header

CN3 Charge/Discharge: used to connect a load or charger to the battery pack - 2-pin Phoenix header

UM3151

NUCLEO-G071RB micro board jumpers and connectors

UM3151 - Rev 1 page 9/30

3Application setup

3.1 System requirements

To set up the demo and run the application with the evaluation kit, the following items are required:

Figure 9. Demo setup: STEVAL-L9961 kit, power supply and USB Type-A to Micro-B cable

• STEVAL-L99615C kit

• USB Type-A to Micro-B cable

• a portable power supply (up to 20 V, 1 A) to feed the STEVAL-L99615C kit (in case a real battery

is not available), possibly equipped with a two or four position plug 7.62MM connector as the Wurth

691351400002 or 691351400004, like the one shown in Figure 9.

• the evaluation GUI contained in the STSW-L99615C

• a laptop to install the evaluation GUI contained in the STSW-L99615C

UM3151

Application setup

UM3151 - Rev 1 page 10/30

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