Symantec NORTON GHOST Manuale utente

Norton Ghost

™

Personal Edition

User’s Guide

Norton Ghost

™

Personal Edition User’s Guide

The software described in this book is furnished under a license agreement

and may be used only in accordance with the terms of the agreement.

1998–1999 Symantec Corporation.

Any technical documentation that is made available by Symantec Corporation

is the copyrighted work of Symantec Corporation and is owned by Symantec

Corporation.

NO WARRANTY. The technical documentation is being delivered to you

AS-IS and Symantec Corporation makes no warranty as to its accuracy or use.

Any use of the technical documentation or the information contained therein

is at the risk of the user. Documentation may include technical or other

inaccuracies or typographical errors. Symantec reserves the right to make

changes without prior notice.

No part of this publication may be copied without the express written

permission of Symantec Corporation, Peter Norton Group, 10201 Torre

Avenue, Cupertino, CA 95014.

Trademarks

Symantec, the Symantec logo, Norton Ghost, Ghost Walker, Ghost Explorer,

and GDisk are trademarks of Symantec Corporation.

Microsoft, MS-DOS, Windows, and Windows NT are registered trademarks of

Microsoft Corporation. IBM, OS/2, and OS/2 Warp are registered trademarks

of International Business Machines Corporation. Novell and NetWare are

registered trademarks of Novell Corporation. 3Com and EtherLink are

registered trademarks of 3Com Corporation. Compaq is a registered

trademark of Compaq Corporation. Zip and Jaz are registered trademarks of

Iomega Corporation. SuperDisk is a trademark of Imation Enterprises

Corporation.

Other product names mentioned in this manual may be trademarks or

registered trademarks of their respective companies and are hereby

acknowledged.

Printed in the United States of America.

10987654321

NOTICE: SYMANTEC LICENSES THE ENCLOSED SOFTWARE TO YOU ONLY UPON THE CONDITION

THAT YOU ACCEPT ALL OF THE TERMS CONTAINED IN THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT. PLEASE READ

THESE TERMS CAREFULLY. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THESE TERMS, THEN SYMANTEC IS

UNWILLING TO LICENSE THE SOFTWARE TO YOU, IN WHICH EVENT YOU SHOULD RETURN THE

FULL PRODUCT WITH PROOF OF PURCHASE TO THE DEALER FROM WHOM IT WAS ACQUIRED

WITHIN SIXTY DAYS OF PURCHASE, AND YOUR MONEY WILL BE REFUNDED.

LICENSE AND WARRANTY:

The software which accompanies this license (the "Software") is the property of Symantec or its licensors

and is protected by copyright law. While Symantec continues to own the Software, you will have certain

rights to use the Software after your acceptance of this license. Except as may be modiﬁed by a license

addendum which accompanies this license, your rights and obligations with respect to the use of this

Software are as follows:

• You may:

(i) use the Software on one computer to clone, or apply an image of, a hard drive on that computer, or

a portion thereof, to another hard drive on the same computer;

(ii) use the Software on that same computer to create an image ﬁle of a hard drive on that computer and

store the image ﬁle on removable media for disaster recovery purposes;

(iii) use the Software to create a boot disk as described in the documentation for reapplying the hard

drive image that was created for disaster recovery purposes to the hard drive on that same computer;

(iv) use the Software to clone a hard drive from that same computer to a replacement computer, in the

manner described in the software documentation, and to use the Software on the replacement computer

provided that the Software has been removed from the original computer;

(v) make one copy of the Software for archival purposes, or copy the Software onto the hard disk

of your computer and retain the original for archival purposes;

(vi) after written notice to Symantec, transfer the Software on a permanent basis to another person or

entity, provided that you retain no copies of the Software and the transferee agrees to the terms of this

agreement.

• You may not:

(i) use the Software commercially or non-commercially for the purpose of creating multiple computers

or hard drives not connected to the original computer, with similar or identical conﬁgurations to that of

the original computer or hard drive;

(ii) copy the documentation which accompanies the Software;

(iii) sublicense, rent or lease any portion of the Software;

(iv) reverse engineer, decompile, disassemble, modify, translate, make any attempt to discover the

source code of the Software, or create derivative works from the Software; or

(v) use a previous version or copy of the Software after you have received a disk replacement set or an

upgraded version as a replacement of the prior version, unless you donate a previous version of an

upgraded version to a charity of your choice, and such charity agrees in writing that it will be the sole

end user of the product, and that it will abide by the terms of this agreement. Unless you so donate a

previous version of an upgraded version, upon upgrading the Software, all copies of the prior version

must be destroyed.

• Sixty Day Money Back Guarantee:

If you are the original licensee of this copy of the Software and are dissatisﬁed with it for any reason,

SYMANTEC LICENSE AND WARRANTY

you may return the complete product, together with your receipt, to Symantec or an authorized

dealer, postage prepaid, for a full refund at any time during the sixty day period following the delivery

to you of the Software.

• Limited Warranty:

Symantec warrants that the media on which the Software is distributed will be free from defects for a

period of sixty (60) days from the date of delivery of the Software to you. Your sole remedy in the

event of a breach of this warranty will be that Symantec will, at its option, replace any defective media

returned to Symantec within the warranty period or refund the money you paid for the Software.

Symantec does not warrant that the Software will meet your requirements or that operation of the

Software will be uninterrupted or that the Software will be error-free.

THE ABOVE WARRANTY IS EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, WHETHER

EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS

FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC

LEGAL RIGHTS. YOU MAY HAVE OTHER RIGHTS, WHICH VARY FROM STATE TO STATE.

• Disclaimer of Damages:

REGARDLESS OF WHETHER ANY REMEDY SET FORTH HEREIN FAILS OF ITS ESSENTIAL PURPOSE,

IN NO EVENT WILL SYMANTEC BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR ANY SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL,

INDIRECT OR SIMILAR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY LOST PROFITS OR LOST DATA ARISING OUT

OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE SOFTWARE EVEN IF SYMANTEC HAS BEEN ADVISED OF

THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE LIMITATION OR EXCLUSION OF LIABILITY FOR INCIDENTAL

OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES SO THE ABOVE LIMITATION OR EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO

YOU.

IN NO CASE SHALL SYMANTEC'S LIABILITY EXCEED THE PURCHASE PRICE FOR THE SOFTWARE.

The disclaimers and limitations set forth above will apply regardless of whether you accept the

Software.

• U.S. Government Restricted Rights:

RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND. All Symantec products and documentation are commercial in nature.

The software and software documentation are "Commercial Items", as that term is deﬁned in 48 C.F.R.

2.101, consisting of "Commercial Computer Software" and "Commercial Computer Software

Documentation", as such terms are deﬁned in 48 C.F.R. 252.227-7014(a)(5) and 48 C.F.R. 252.227-

7014(a)(1), and used in 48 C.F.R. 12.212 and 48 C.F.R. 227.7202, as applicable. Consistent with 48

C.F.R. 12.212, 48 C.F.R. 252.227-7015, 48 C.F.R. 227.7202 through 227.7202-4, 48 C.F.R. 52.227-14,

and other relevant sections of the Code of Federal Regulations, as applicable, Symantec's computer

software and computer software documentation are licensed to United States Government end users

with only those rights as granted to all other end users, according to the terms and conditions

contained in this license agreement. Manufacturer is Symantec Corporation, 10201 Torre Avenue,

Cupertino, CA 95014.

• General:

This Agreement will be governed by the laws of the State of California. This Agreement may only be

modiﬁed by a license addendum which accompanies this license or by a written document which has

been signed by both you and Symantec. Should you have any questions concerning this Agreement,

or if you desire to contact Symantec for any reason, please write: Symantec Customer Sales and

Service, 10201 Torre Avenue, Cupertino, CA 95014.

CONTENTS

Chapter 1 About Norton Ghost Personal Edition

How Norton Ghost works ................................................................8

Clone internal hard disk drives and individual partitions .............8

Save and load image files to and from removable media ...........9

Clone hard disk drives and partitions peer-to-peer ..................10

Chapter 2 Setting up Norton Ghost

Minimum system requirements ......................................................13

Hardware requirements for Norton Ghost transfer modes .......14

Installing Norton Ghost Personal Edition ........................................14

Installing Norton Ghost in Windows ........................................14

Installing Norton Ghost in DOS ...............................................15

Uninstalling Norton Ghost .............................................................16

Uninstalling Norton Ghost in Windows ....................................16

Uninstalling Norton Ghost in DOS ..........................................16

Setting up a DOS boot disk ...........................................................16

Setting up transfer methods ..........................................................17

Internal drives ..........................................................................17

Local devices ..........................................................................17

Peer-to-peer connections ........................................................18

Peer-to-peer parallel port connections .....................................18

Peer-to-peer NetBIOS network connections ...........................18

Chapter 3 Using Norton Ghost

What you need to do .....................................................................21

Starting Norton Ghost ...................................................................23

Navigating without a mouse ...........................................................24

Cloning disks .................................................................................24

Cloning from disk to disk .........................................................25

Cloning a disk to image file .....................................................27

Cloning a disk from an image file .............................................29

Cloning partitions ...........................................................................32

Cloning from partition to partition ............................................32

Cloning from partition to image file ..........................................34

Cloning a partition from an image file .......................................36

Managing image files .....................................................................39

Image files and compression ...................................................39

Image files and CRC32 ...........................................................40

Contents

Image files and volume spanning .............................................40

Image files and tape drives ......................................................43

Viewing image file content and selective file restoration ..........44

Appendix A Norton Ghost command-line switches

Command-line switches .................................................................47

Appendix B Frequently asked questions

Appendix C Troubleshooting

Norton Ghost error codes .............................................................67

Appendix D Diagnostics

Hard drive detection and diagnostic information .............................69

Norton Ghost abort error file (ghost.err) .................................69

Hard disk geometry diagnostics ..............................................70

Full diagnostic statistics dump summary ..................................70

Symantec Service and Support Solutions

Disk Replacement Form

Index

CHAPTER

About Norton Ghost

Personal Edition

Norton Ghost is the fast and reliable software solution to satisfy all your PC

disk cloning and copying needs: upgrading hard drives, backing up for

disaster recovery, or migrating from your old PC to a new PC.

Caution:

Norton Ghost Personal Edition is a powerful utility program that

performs complex operations on your computer. It is recommended for

experienced and highly skilled PC users only.

Norton Ghost clones either complete disks or speciﬁed partitions:

■

An entire disk can be either cloned directly from one disk to

another or saved into a Norton Ghost image ﬁle. The image ﬁle

can be used as a template to create copies of the original disk.

■

The contents of a partition can be copied to another partition.

Selected partitions can be copied to an image ﬁle that is used as a

template to create copies of the original partitions.

When cloning complete hard drives, procedures such as FDISK and

FORMAT are a thing of the past. Norton Ghost dynamically partitions and

formats a target disk on the ﬂy. The source and target disks can be different

sizes. Norton Ghost adjusts the position and size of the target partitions

automatically, FAT12, FAT16, FAT32, and NTFS partitions are expanded or

contracted to ﬁt the target. The source and target disk can be on the same

computer, or the target disk can be on a different computer, providing the

two computers are connected through NetBIOS or the parallel ports.

Norton Ghost copies every required partition, regardless of type, from the

source (disk or image ﬁle) to the target. If the source and target disks are

identical in size and structure, Norton Ghost can perform a sector-by-sector

copy. Because this is seldom the case and does not allow the resizing of

Chapter 1: About Norton Ghost Personal Edition

partitions, Norton Ghost positions each partition or logical drive on the

target disk using the same rules as FDISK, copying the partitions on a ﬁle-

by-ﬁle basis.

An image ﬁle can be stored on a CD, Superdisk, JAZ or ZIP drive, or other

removable media. This ﬁle can be used for backup or for cloning copies of

the original disk.

Norton Ghost runs in DOS with a simple graphical interface. Alternatively,

to simplify repetitive tasks, command-line switches can automate

operation.

The Norton Ghost installation CD contains these additional utilities that

work with Norton Ghost:

■

Ghost Explorer recovers and deletes individual directories and ﬁles

from an image ﬁle.

■

GDISK is a complete replacement for the FDISK and FORMAT

utilities that allows on-the-ﬂy formatting, better disk space

utilization, batch mode operation, hiding and unhiding of

partitions, and extensive partition reporting.

Unlike FDISK, which uses interactive menus and prompts, GDISK is

command line driven and offers quicker conﬁguration of a disk’s

partitions.

How Norton Ghost works

Because the Norton Ghost executable is small with minimal conventional

memory requirements, it can easily be run from a DOS boot disk or

alternative storage location within DOS. Norton Ghost can make complete

backups of disks or partitions. Norton Ghost even copies in-use system

ﬁles that other backup utilities miss, making it a great tool for disaster

recovery operations.

The following sections give examples of common ways to use Norton

Ghost.

Clone internal hard disk drives and individual partitions

With Norton Ghost you can save all of the contents on one internal hard

disk drive or partition to another by cloning local disk-to-disk, or partition-

to-partition. The hardware must be installed correctly and have the hard

disk drive jumpers and CMOS/BIOS correctly conﬁgured. As with all

How Norton Ghost works

Norton Ghost usage, both the source and destination must be free from ﬁle

corruption and physical hard disk drive problems prior to cloning.

Note:

When cloning an entire hard disk drive, the existing partition

conﬁguration is overwritten and need not be set in advance.

Internal transfer operations are one of the fastest methods of cloning, and

offer a simple quick hard disk drive backup or migration tool. By using a

second hard disk drive as a backup, it can be used to replace the original

in the event of its failure or corruption, reducing the downtime of the

machine.

Norton Ghost’s ability to resize the partitions and ﬁle systems it

understands while cloning disk-to-disk simpliﬁes upgrading to a larger

hard disk drive. Install the new hard disk drive hardware as required, then

run Norton Ghost from a boot disk to migrate the contents of the old drive

to the larger drive. This leaves the original disk untouched and available

until the new system conﬁguration is completed.

Caution:

Make sure you correctly identify and select the source and

destination disks as the operation cannot be undone.

Save and load image ﬁles to and from removable media

It is possible to burn image ﬁles onto a CD or to save an image ﬁle to a ZIP

drive, JAZ drive, Superdisk, or other removable media.

For ZIP, JAZ, Superdisk, and removable media, Norton Ghost writes and

reads directly to and from the device, providing that the device is working

and has a DOS drive letter.

When creating the image of the model for storage on a CD, we recommend

bringing the image down onto the PC that has the writing software, and

then creating the CD. Norton Ghost can be included on the created CD.

To create a CD image ﬁle for later restoration:

Save the model hard disk to an image ﬁle using Norton Ghost and

the split command-line option.

Run the CD writing software and save the image onto the CD.

Chapter 1: About Norton Ghost Personal Edition

For restoration purposes, once the device is working and has a drive letter,

Norton Ghost can use that drive to perform the required task.

Clone hard disk drives and partitions peer-to-peer

Peer-to-peer connections are typically used when there are two computers

that you wish to connect. Norton Ghost gives you the choice of connecting

through the NetBIOS or through the LPT (printer) parallel port. In both

cases, one computer becomes the master, the other the slave. See “Peer-to-

peer connections” on page 18 for more information.

■

To connect through the printer port you need a parallel data

transfer cable plugged into the LPT port of both computers.

■

To connect through NetBIOS you need a network card in each

computer, a converted Ethernet cable, and the appropriate

networking software. In general, connecting through the network

gives two to ﬁve times the performance of an LPT connection.

For NetBIOS and LPT connections, one machine must act as the master and

the other the slave. All operator input will be on the master computer.

Using the NETBIOS interface

With Ethernet, or Token Ring, it is possible to clone between two

machines, using their network interface cards through the NetBIOS

protocol interface. By purchasing, or making, a custom connectivity

Ethernet crossover cable or using coaxial or a mini-HUB and cables, a PC

can connect to another PC. This is a two-node peer-to-peer network. To set

up NetBIOS requires ﬁve basic Novell networking software components:

■

LSL

■

MLID (the Network Interface Card ODI driver)

■

IPXODI

■

NetBIOS interface

■

NET.CFG (conﬁguration)

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