Texas Instruments Chipcon CC2400DBK Manuale utente

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User Manual

Rev. 1.2

CC2400DBK Demonstration Board Kit

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Table of contents

INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................... 3

PCB ........................................................................................................................................... 4

RF SECTION ............................................................................................................................ 4

ANTENNA ................................................................................................................................. 4

POWER SUPPLY SECTION .......................................................................................................... 7

RS-232 INTERFACE.................................................................................................................. 8

MICROCONTROLLER AND USER INTERFACE ................................................................................ 8

PCB LAYOUT ......................................................................................................................... 11

USING THE CC2400DB DEMONSTRATION BOARD.......................................................... 22

CC2400 SOFTWARE DOWNLOAD AND EVALUATION USING AVR STUDIO 4 ................................. 22

RC OSCILLATOR ..................................................................................................................... 23

MICROCONTROLLER EEPROM MAPPING................................................................................. 23

IN SYSTEM PROGRAMMING ..................................................................................................... 24

BOOTLOADER......................................................................................................................... 25

INTRODUCTION TO EXAMPLES PROVIDED WITH CC2400DB ...................................................... 26

SETTING UP A SOFTWARE PROJECT FOR CC2400 .................................................................... 27

HARDWARE DEFINITION FILES (HDF) ...................................................................................... 27

HARDWARE LIBRARY FILES (HLF)........................................................................................... 27

CONFIGURE OUTPUT PROFILE.................................................................................................. 28

DATA PACKET DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................... 28

DATA TRANSMISSION PROTOCOL ............................................................................................. 28

TROUBLESHOOTING............................................................................................................ 29

IT DOES NOT WORK ................................................................................................................. 29

ICANNOT PROGRAM THE AVR USING THE SERIAL PORT ............................................................ 29

REFERENCES........................................................................................................................ 29

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Introduction

The CC2400 single-chip RF transceiver provides a highly integrated, flexible low-cost solution

for applications using the world wide unlicensed 2.4 GHz frequency band. The CC2400DBK

demonstration board kit is a complement to the development kit (DK) as the hardware is

representative of an actual application, and it is well suited as a prototyping platform for

application code.

The CC2400DBK Demonstration Board Kit includes two CC2400DB Demonstration Boards.

These boards contain a CC2400 with necessary support components, an Atmel mega8 AVR

microcontroller, a PCB antenna, as well as a joystick, buttons and LEDs that can be used to

implement a visual user application interface. The demonstration board is also furnished with

connectors where all of the internal signals on the PCB are available.

This User Manual describes how to use the CC2400DBK Demonstration Board Kit. Atmel’s

AVR Studio and associated software is used to program and debug software. Please see the

reference section of this document for links to Atmel’s documentation on how to use their

tools.

Your CC2400DBK Demonstration Board Kit should contain the following items:

Kit contents

Item Number of articles

Demonstration Board (CC2400DB) 2

Quick Start instructions 1

CC2400 sample kit 1

RS-232 cables 2

Important:

Contact your local telecommunication authorities before transmitting an RF signal to ensure

that there are no local restrictions on the use of the 2400 –2483.5 MHz ISM band. The

CC2400 operates in the 2.4 GHz frequency band. Although this frequency band is usually

described as “world-wide”, some countries do not allow unlicensed operation in this band.

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PCB

Figure 1 depicts an overview of the CC2400DB with description of the various components

embedded on the PCB.

Figure 1: CC2400DB overview

RF Section

The CC2400DB RF section includes all the necessary components for correct operation. The

CC2400 is connected to a 16 MHz crystal. A small 2.4 GHz PCB antenna is also included. RF

test and measurement equipment can be mounted the PCB by the use of an SMA connector,

by swapping capacitor placement of C63 and C62. See schematics for details. The RF layout

is identical to the CC2400EM, which is part of the CC2400DK Development Kit.

Important:

The CC2400DB demonstration board output power must be reduced for a 100% transmission

duty cycle to be compliant with the FCC 15 2nd harmonics regulation requirement. At the

moment the design is 1 dB above the limit.

Antenna

The PCB antenna is a so-called Inverted-F type. The Inverted-F antenna is a wire monopole

where the top section is folded down to be parallel with the ground plane. By folding the

antenna down you will reduce the height and maintain a resonant wire length. A capacitance

will be introduced to the input impedance of the antenna due to the parallel section. However,

as a rule of thumb design guide, the length + height (L+H) will be approximately equal to a

1.8V voltage

regulator

Optional 9V

battery Leds

4-10 V

DC-jack

Temp. sensor

CC2400 RF

section

PCB

antenna

buttons

MCU

section

RS-232

port

Joystick

3.3V voltage

regulator

SWRU048 Page 5 of 30

quarter wavelength (λ/4). A reduction of the antenna height (H) will in general decrease the

antenna bandwidth. Please see figure 3 for the antenna dimensions.

Figure 2: Antenna dimensions

The height of the antenna is defined as the distance from the ground plane to the parallel

section, and the length is from the end of the antenna parallel section to the feed point.

Length: L = (26.19 mm – 9.19 mm + 1.22 mm x ½) = 17.61 mm

Height: H = (6.17 mm + 0.97 mm - 1.19 mm x ½) = 6.55 mm

Quarter wavelength: λ/4 = (L + H) = 17.61 mm + 6.55 mm = 24.16 mm

The physical size of the antenna is decreased somewhat compared to the theoretical length,

(λ= c/4*f = 3x108/ 4x2.45x109) = 30.61 mm

SWRU048 Page 6 of 30

The radiated pattern for the PCB antenna was measured with the horizontal polarization

direction for the CC2400DB by measuring with vertical and horizontal mounting of the

demonstration board.

Important:

In practical range testing outdoors with line-of-sight (LOS) and use of the rfBlinkLed

application example, the following range has been verified at Chipcon Norway with optimal

SmartRF Studio settings for the respective data rates:

1. Data rate settings 1 Mbps, range measured: 140 meters

2. Data rate settings 250 kbps, range measured: 240 meters

Please note that these range tests were performed at 0

C with a simple packet protocol, no

link margin, no robust protocol, close to the sensitivity limit of CC2400, and no retransmission.

CC2400DB

0 degr.

Top view

Antenna

Figure 3: Radiated pattern horizontal mounting

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Figure 3 depicts the antenna pattern while the CC2400DB is mounted horizontally with the

antennas parallel section aligned to the 0 degree direction.

Antenna

CC2400DB

0 degr.

Top view

Figure 4: Radiated antenna pattern vertical mounting

Figure 4 depicts the antenna pattern while the CC2400DB is mounted vertically with the

antennas parallel section aligned to the 0 degree direction.

Power supply section

The power supply section contains two voltage regulators: a 3.3 V regulator for use by the

microcontroller and the I/O pins of the CC2400, and a 1.8 V regulator for powering the

CC2400 core.

A diode prevents permanent damage if wrong polarity is applied to the board. There are two

power connectors; a 2.5mm DC jack-type connector allows you to connect an unregulated

battery eliminator easily (the positive supply is on the center pin), and a connector for a 9V

battery on the bottoms side of the PCB. It is also possible to use 3 or 4 AA or AAA alkaline

cells to power the CC2400DB if a suitable battery pack is used.

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RS-232 interface

A serial port is included on the CC2400DB. This port is used when software is programmed

into the AVR MCU using the boot loader, and is also used by several of the example

programs. The port includes support for RTS/CTS-type hardware flow control (handshaking).

Important:

It is important to be aware that maximum data rate for the Atmega8 RS-232 interface on

CC2400DB is 38.4 Kbps due to the use of the internal RC oscillator. Please see the Atmega8

datasheet for a baud rate error overview with the respect to a selected oscillator frequency.

Microcontroller and user interface

The microcontroller used is an AVR Atmega8L from Atmel. This controller has 8 KB of Flash

program memory, 1 KB of SRAM data memory and 512 bytes of non-volatile EEPROM data

memory. The controller runs on its internal oscillator, and is interfaced to the CC2400 via its

built-in SPI interface as well as some general I/O pins.

The MCU is also connected to three LEDs, a joystick and an extra button for user interface

purposes. The different examples use these peripherals differently. An analog temperature

sensor is also included.

An ISP connector is provided for programming the AVR without using the serial port. In this

case an Atmel AVR programmer should be connected to this connector.

All of the I/O pins are connected to footprints for 2 x 10 pin-row connectors. These connectors

are compatible with Agilent logic analyzer probes, and can be used either for testing or for

prototyping. For instance, it is possible to add a daughter board with additional circuitry using

these connectors.

AVR Pin

Number AVR pin name Pin usage I/O connector

1 PD3/INT1 CC2400 DIO/DKT P4 pin 14

2 PD4/XCK/T0 Yellow LED P4 pin 7

7 PB6/XTAL1/TOSC

Joystick up P3 pin 9

8 PB7/XTAL2/TOSC

Joystick right P3 pin 7

9 PD5/T1 Joystick down P3 pin 6

10 PD6/AIN0 Joystick left P3 pin 3

11 PD7/AIN1 Joystick center push P3 pin 5

12 PB0/ICP RS-232 handshaking RTS, push

button

P3 pin 13

13 PB1/OC1A RS-232 handshaking CTS, Red LED P3 pin 17

14 PB2/SS/OC1B CC2400 chip select P4 pin 13

15 PB3/MOSI/OC2 CC2400 SI, AVR ISP P4 pin 8

16 PB4/MISO CC2400 SO, AVR ISP P4 pin 6

17 PB5/SCK CC2400 SCK, AVR ISP P4 pin 4

19 ADC6 Not used P4 pin 11

22 ADC7 Temperature sensor P4 pin 9

23 PC0/ADC0 CC2400 GIO6 P4 pin 10

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24 PC1/ADC1 CC2400 GIO1 P4 pin 19

25 PC2/ADC2 CC2400 TX P4 pin 16

26 PC3/ADC3 CC2400 RX P4 pin 18

27 PC4/ADC4/SDA RS-232 on/off P3 pin 11

28 PC5/ADC5/SCL Green LED P4 pin 5

29 PC6/RESET Reset button, AVR ISP P4 pin 3

30 PD0/RXD RS-232 receive data from PC P3 pin 15

31 PD1/TXD RS-232 transmit data to PC P3 pin 19

32 PD2/INT0 CC2400 DCLK/FIFO P4 pin 12

Table 1: AVR I/O pins

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number Signal name in

schematic Pin usage CC2400

pin AVR pin

2 Unregulated supply

voltage

3 PD6 Joystick left 10 (PD6/AIN0)

5 PD7 Joystick center push 11 (PD7/AIN1)

6 PD5 Joystick down 9 (PD5/T1)

7 PB7 Joystick right 8

(PB7/XTAL2/TOSC2)

9 PB6 Joystick up 7

(PB6/XTAL1/TOSC1)

11 FORCE_ON RS-232 on/off 27 (PC4/ADC4/SDA)

13 RTS RS-232 handshaking,

push button

12 (PB0/ICP)

15 RXD0 RS-232 data from PC 30 (PD0/RXD)

17 CTS RS-232 handshaking,

Red LED

13 (PB1/OC1A)

19 TXD0 RS-232 data to PC 31 (PD1/TXD)

20 GND Ground

Table 2: P3 pinout

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