Texas Instruments LMX2594PSEVM Manuale utente
User’s Guide
LMX2594PSEVM Evaluation Instructions
ABSTRACT
The LMX2594PSEVM uses two LMX2594 synthesizers to generate two phase-coherent outputs with very fine
phase adjustment capability. The outputs of the synthesizers can also be combined to produce lower noise and
jitter than is possible with just one.
The LMX2594 is a high-performance, wideband synthesizer that can generate any frequency from 10 MHz to 15
GHz without using an internal doubler, thus eliminating the need for sub-harmonic filters.
Table of Contents
1 LMX2594PSEVM Evaluation Module.....................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Evaluation Module Contents.............................................................................................................................................. 3
1.2 Evaluation Setup Requirement.......................................................................................................................................... 3
1.3 Resources.......................................................................................................................................................................... 3
2 Setup........................................................................................................................................................................................4
2.1 Connection Diagram.......................................................................................................................................................... 4
2.2 Power Supply..................................................................................................................................................................... 4
2.3 Reference Clock.................................................................................................................................................................4
2.4 SYNC Input........................................................................................................................................................................ 4
2.5 RF Output...........................................................................................................................................................................4
2.6 Programming......................................................................................................................................................................4
2.7 Evaluation Software........................................................................................................................................................... 5
3 Typical Measurement..............................................................................................................................................................6
3.1 Category 3 Synchronization............................................................................................................................................... 6
3.2 Phase Noise Improvement.................................................................................................................................................7
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4 Schematic................................................................................................................................................................................9
5 PCB Layout and Layer Stack-up..........................................................................................................................................11
5.1 PCB Layer Stack-Up........................................................................................................................................................ 11
5.2 PCB Layout...................................................................................................................................................................... 11
6 Bill of Materials..................................................................................................................................................................... 13
7 EVM Modification..................................................................................................................................................................14
8 Troubleshooting Guide.........................................................................................................................................................15
9 Reference PRO......................................................................................................................................................................16
9.1 Output Frequency Selection.............................................................................................................................................16
9.2 Output Format Selection.................................................................................................................................................. 17
9.3 Typical Output Characteristics......................................................................................................................................... 18
9.4 Firmware Update..............................................................................................................................................................18
Trademarks
PLLatinum™ is a trademark of Texas Instruments.
Windows® is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
All trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
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1 LMX2594PSEVM Evaluation Module
1.1 Evaluation Module Contents
The following is included in the package:
• One LMX2594PSEVM board (DC193-001).
• One Reference PRO board (SV601349).
• One USB cable.
• One 10-pin ribbon cable.
1.2 Evaluation Setup Requirement
The evaluation requires the following hardware and software:
• A DC power supply
• A spectrum analyzer or a signal analyzer
• A PC running Windows® 7 or more recent version
• An oscilloscope
• A high quality signal generator
• Texas Instruments Clocks and Synthesizers TICS Pro software
• Texas Instruments PLLatinum™ Simulator Tool (optional)
1.3 Resources
Related evaluation and development resources include:
•LMX2594 data sheet
•TICS Pro software
•PLLatinum Simulator Tool (PLL Sim)
•Reference PRO design file
• Reference designs:
–TIDA-01410
–TIDA-01346
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2 Setup
2.1 Connection Diagram
Figure 2-1. Connection Diagram
2.2 Power Supply
Apply 3.6 V to Vcc SMA connector. Acceptable supply voltage range is 3.5 V to 5 V. The maximum current
consumption in the most extreme configuration must not exceed 1200 mA. The onboard LDOs will provide a
3.3-V supply to the LMX2594 devices.
2.3 Reference Clock
Connect a low jitter reference clock to the OSCin SMA connector. This clock is evenly distributed to both
LMX2594 devices. If a sine wave clock is used, 8 dBm or more input power is suggested.
2.4 SYNC Input
In category 1 and 2 phase synchronization, the timing of the SYNC signal is not critical. This SYNC signal can
be generated from the Reference Pro board. In category 3 phase synchronization, the SYNC signal has to be
carefully aligned with the reference clock of the synthesizers. This SYNC signal shall be provided externally to
the SYNC SMA connector.
2.5 RF Output
Each LMX2594 device has two RF outputs, but only RFoutA is used. By default, RFoutAP pin is connected to
the SMA connector while the RFoutAM pin is terminated onboard. This is the default configuration to measure
the phases between the outputs of the LMX2594 devices. With some modification to the EVM, the sum of the
two LMX2594 devices output can be obtained from the SumRFout SMA connector. See Section 7 for more
information on EVM modification.
2.6 Programming
Connect the ribbon cable from the Reference PRO to the LMX2594PSEVM.
Connect the USB cable from a PC to the USB port on the Reference PRO board. This provides a power
supply to the Reference PRO board and communication with the TICS Pro software. A firmware update may be
required. See Section 9.4 for details.
The two LMX2594 devices share the uWIRE socket but only one device can be programmed at a time. Make
sure that only one of the DIP switches is in the ON position at a time.
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Figure 2-2. uWIRE Switches
2.7 Evaluation Software
Download and install TICS Pro to a PC. Run the software and follow the following steps to get started.
1. Go to Select Device → PLL + VCO → LMX2594.
2. Go to Default Configuration → Default Mode.
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3 Typical Measurement
3.1 Category 3 Synchronization
Use the flow chart in the data sheet to determine the phase synchronization category. If it is a category 3
synchronization, there is limitation to the reference clock frequency and the timing of the SYNC signal with
respect to the reference clock is critical. Shown below is a category 3 synchronization example.
Figure 3-1. Category 3 TICS Pro Configuration
If it is a category 3 synchronization, VCO_PHASE_SYNC should be checked to put the devices in SYNC mode.
After programming, the outputs from the two LMX2594 devices may not be phase-aligned.
Figure 3-2. Output Phases Before Synchronization
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A timing critical SYNC pulse is needed to trigger synchronization.
Figure 3-3. Timing Critical SYNC Pulse
Figure 3-4. Output Phases After Synchronization
3.2 Phase Noise Improvement
By combining the output of two synthesizers that are in-phase, a theoretical 3-dB phase noise benefit is possible
due to the output power being 6-dB higher while the noise power is only 3-dB higher.
To measure the combined phase noise, some modification to the EVM is needed. See Section 7 for details.
In Figure 3-5, the blue trace shown the phase noise of individual LMX2594 device while the black trace
respresented the phase noise of the combined signal.
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