Time Electronics 1010 Manuale utente

User Manual

1010

DC Voltage Calibrator

Version 1.2

04/22

Time Electronics Ltd

Unit 5, TON Business Park, 2-8 Morley Road,

Tonbridge, Kent, TN9 1RA, United Kingdom.

T: +44 (0) 1732 355993 | F: +44 (0) 1732 350198

mail@timeelectronics.co.uk | www.timeelectronics.com

Nothing from this manual may be multiplied, or made public in any form or manner, either

electronically or hard copy, without prior written consent from Time Electronics Ltd.

This also applies to any schematics, drawings and diagrams contained herein.

This manual provides operating and safety instructions for the Time Electronics product.

To ensure correct operation and safety, please follow the instructions in this manual.

Time Electronics reserves the right to change the contents, specifications and other

information contained in this manual without notice.

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Contents

1Introduction....................................................................................................................................4

1.1 Description.............................................................................................................................................4

1.2 Specifications ........................................................................................................................................5

1.3 Power Unit .............................................................................................................................................6

1.4 Circuit Description ................................................................................................................................. 6

1.5 Applications ...........................................................................................................................................6

2Operation........................................................................................................................................7

2.1 Front Panel Controls.............................................................................................................................. 7

2.2 Operating Procedure .............................................................................................................................8

2.3 Output noise ..........................................................................................................................................9

2.4 Common mode noise ............................................................................................................................9

2.5 Thermal emfs.........................................................................................................................................9

2.6 Fuses (main PCB) .................................................................................................................................9

2.7 Mains Power Unit ................................................................................................................................10

3Constructional Layout Details.................................................................................................... 12

3.1 Chopper amplifier module.................................................................................................................... 12

4Re-calibration...............................................................................................................................14

4.1 Zero ..................................................................................................................................................... 14

4.2 Full Scale.............................................................................................................................................14

4.3 Calibration Procedure..........................................................................................................................16

4.410mV and 1mV Range Calibration ......................................................................................................17

5Warranty and Servicing............................................................................................................... 18

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1Introduction

1.1 Description

The 1010 is an extremely accurate battery/mains powered voltage calibrator sourcing up to

10 volts in 5 ranges with a resolution up to 0.01µV.

Outstanding accuracy, and stability is achieved by using an LTC advanced subsurface Zener

bipolar reference source; this features a very low drift of 2ppm/°C max TC, coupled with the

use of low temperature coefficient resistors.

Power is provided by a mains/rechargeable battery power unit. A front panel indicator

monitors the battery charge condition.

The circuit design provides automatic standardisation against the internal reference and

allows up to 30mA output current with less than 0.1 ohms output resistance. Short circuit

overload protection is provided; and a normal-off-reverse, (positive-off negative) switch

controls the output signal.

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1.2 Specifications

Ranges: 0-9.9999V in 5 ranges

0-9.9999V in 100µV steps

0-999.99mV in 10µV steps

0-99.999mV in 1µV steps

0-9.9999mV in 0.1µV steps

0-999.99uV in 0.01µuV steps

Accuracy: 10V & 1V ranges: ± 0.02% of setting + ± 0.005% of range

100mV range: ± 0.05% of setting + ± 0.005% of range, ± 1µV

10mV & 1mV Ranges: ± 0.05% of setting + ± 0.005% of range, ± 4µV

Setting Resolution: 5 digits on all ranges.

Output Resistance: Less than 0.1 ohm (typically 0.05 ohm) on 10V, 1V and 0.1V ranges.

1 ohm on lower ranges.

Maximum Output 25mA max. on 10V, 1V & 0.1V ranges (an internal short circuit current

Current:limit is set at approx 30mA). Lower ranges can be loaded up to the

short circuit current value although it should be noted that loads less

than 1kΩwill give greater than 0.1% error.

Maximum Overload: The instrument can withstand a continuous short circuit on the output.

Output Voltage Less than 30 ppm/°C (0 to +50°C)

Stability:Less than 5 ppm/V variation in supply voltage.

Less than 75 ppm/year not cumulative.

Less than 10 ppm/hr at constant temperature.

Output Polarity: Positive or negative (Normal – Reverse) switch selected. A centre ‘off’

position on this switch provides a short circuit on the output for 1010

voltage source.

Output Noise Level: 10, 1 & 0.1V ranges, less than 10 ppm of setting ± 2µV (0-10 Hz).

10mV & 1mV ranges, less than ± 0.05µV (0-10 Hz)

Dimensions: W 217 x H 160 x D 193 mm.

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1.3 Power Unit

The 1010 is supplied with a internal mains/battery power unit. This can be configured when

ordered for either 115V or 230V AC, 50/60Hz. See section 2.7.

1.4 Circuit Description

The calibrator designed with a precision LTC 5V reference device which offers both

outstanding accuracy and temperature coefficient specifications. This provides the input to a

FET chopper amplifier system which operates in a feed-back stabilised mode, and has a

gain value determined by a set of precision metal film resistors which are selected by a 5

decade digital thumbwheel switch bank. The output voltage is variable from 0 to 9.9999

volts in 5 ranges. An output resistance of typically 0.05 ohms is maintained on the top three

ranges; the maximum output current that can be drawn on these ranges is automatically

limited to 25mA. This is designed to protect the electronic circuitry in the event of accidental

short circuit etc.

The lower ranges have an output resistance of 1 ohm and will supply current up to the short

circuit value (30mA), see output resistance in specifications. To ensure complete reliability of

the switch bank, each digit thumbwheel switch employs twin parallel gold plated contacts -

even if a contact fails the 1010 still functions correctly.

1.5 Applications

The uses of the instrument include the calibration applications of conventional voltage

potentiometers. A 1010 in these applications has the advantage of requiring no

standardisation and being able to supply much higher output currents without loss of

accuracy. Long term stability is inherent since standardisation is not required.

Other applications as a precision voltage source include calibration, linearity and gain

stability measurements, etc., on D.C. amplifiers, digital and electronic voltmeters,

transducers and as a variable low current power supply or backing-off voltage. The 10

ppm/HR stability and low noise levels are of particular interest when an extremely stable

voltage is required rather than a high accuracy calibration source.

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2Operation

2.1 Front Panel Controls

1. Power on/off

A miniature toggle switch interrupts the low voltage DC supply line to the circuit module.

Indication of supply on/off is provided by the battery level indicator.

2. Output polarity

A change-over toggle switch enables the output polarity to be reversed. A centre position

provides a short circuit on the 1010 output terminals.

3. Internal rechargeable battery level

The battery level is continuously monitored on a front panel LED indicator which also serves

as a supply on-off indication. When green the unit is powered on and battery level is good.

When red, the batteries need recharging.

4. Output voltage range

Selected by a 5-position rotary switch.

5. Output Voltage Setting

Selected on a 5-digit thumbwheel switch. The resolution of setting is 0.01% of full scale.

Output

Terminals

Case

Terminal

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2.2 Operating Procedure

Operation of the 1010 is self explanatory from the front panel controls and specification.

Normal precautions concerning overload and incorrect range selection, should be observed.

1. Power on the 1010.

2. Check the battery level.

3. Select the required range.

4. Set the required output voltage.

5. Set the output polarity to apply voltage to the unit under test.

Note: When the output switch is set to the ’OFF’ position, there is a short circuit on the output terminals.

This can also be used for quick zeroing of output.

2.2.1 Operating Position

Unlike many potentiometers and devices incorporating standard cells, the 1010 DOES NOT

require operation or transportation in a particular position.

2.2.2 Output terminals

The selected output voltage is connected to the front panel safety terminal binding posts

which are suitable for twisted stripped wire compression connection, spade terminals, or by

4mm shrouded or normal plug insertion.

2.2.3 Case terminal

The case terminal is connected only to the instrument case and is isolated from the circuitry.

The case provides an overall electrostatic screen for the 1010 and can be earthed as

required to improve rejection of noise pick-up.

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2.3 Output noise

The electrical noise on the output voltage consists of chopper intermodulation, thermal noise

and random variations. Thermal noise becomes more significant on the lower ranges (see

Thermal EMFS).

In general, the total noise level is less than 20ppm of setting ±2µV for the 10v, 1v and

100mV ranges over the frequency range 0 - 10 Hz and less than ±0.2µV (0-10 Hz) for the

lower ranges. Lower noise levels can be obtained by connecting a low pass filter on the

output terminals.

2.4 Common mode noise

Additional noise and variation of the output voltage can be caused by large common mode

voltages. These occur when the 1010 is used to calibrate (or measure) any input which is

above ground potential or has an AC component with respect to ground.

When the battery is powered, the 1010 has inherently a very high DC common mode

rejection, but it is not recommended that 100V DC common mode be exceeded. The AC

common mode rejection is determined by the capacitive unbalance to ground of the output

terminals and associated connections. The 1010 is checked before despatch with 30Vpp 50

Hz common mode voltage on the output terminals.

2.5 Thermal emfs

When the 1010 is used to provide precision voltages of less than about 1mV, care must be

exercised to avoid errors due to thermal emfs. These occur where temperature differences

are present at the junctions of dissimilar metals, e.g. a normal solder to copper junctions has

a thermal emf of approximately 3µV/°C. Errors inside the 1010 under temperature stable

conditions are typically less than ±0.2µV.

2.6 Fuses (main PCB)

The DC supply line and output fuses are mounted on the INSIDE of the front panel printed

circuit board. Access is by removing the instrument front panel as described in Section 3.

Both are 20mm 250mA types. Spare fuses can be obtained directly from Time Electronics

Ltd, from your local supplier, or an authorised distributor.

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2.7 Mains Power Unit

2.7.1 Type PU2

The PU2 incorporates a rechargeable Nickel-metal hydride battery pack and charge

controller. The design is arranged to enable the PU2 to provide power directly from the

mains to power the instrument, and / or recharge the battery pack.

Alternatively, the PU2 can power the instrument from the rechargeable battery pack if mains

power is not connected.

When mains power is connected, the charger provides the correct charge current

(40-70mA) for the battery and automatically reduces this to a trickle rate (3 - 4mA) when

the battery is fully charged. This means that it is impossible to overcharge the battery.

The DC performance is as follows:

•With mains connected: DC output 15.5 - 7V (0 - 100mA load).

•With mains disconnected (and battery fully charged): DC 15.5 - 14.5V (0 - 100mA load)

•Mains input range: 110 - 250V AC 40 - 60 Hz. IEC mains input fuse is 20mm F1A.

The capacity of the rechargeable battery is approximately 600mAH. This allows about

40 - 50 hrs continuous use of the 1010. To fully recharge the battery requires 14-16 hours

with mains connected.

2.7.2 Constructional details PU2

The P.C.B. is located on the rear panel by 4 screws and is spaced off approx. 10mm. A

metal cover protects and screens the PCB and components. The output connectors and

output fuse are located outside the cover.

The cover is fixed to the rear panel by 4 screws. Later versions of PU2 have a 20mm

F500mA fuse located inside cover.

Important Note:

Take care when checking and dismantling a PU2. Even though disconnected from the mains, there is still

sufficient power stored in the rechargeable battery to cause catastrophic damage to the electronic circuitry if

inadvertent short circuits occur. These can easily occur when the metal cover is being removed.

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