ADInstruments PH Amp Manuale utente

pH Amp

Owner’s Guide

pH Amp

Owner’s Guide

This document was, as far as possible, accurate at the time of release. However,

changes may have been made to the software and hardware it describes since

then. ADInstruments Pty Ltd reserves the right to alter speciﬁcations as

required. Late-breaking information may be supplied separately.

Trademarks of ADInstruments

PowerLab

, LabTutor

and MacLab

are registered trademarks of ADInstruments

Pty Ltd. The names of speciﬁc recording units, such as PowerLab 8/30, are

trademarks of ADInstruments Pty Ltd. LabChart, Chart and Scope (application

programs) are trademarks of ADInstruments Pty Ltd.

Other Trademarks

Apple, Mac and Macintosh are registered trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc.

Windows, Windows XP and Windows Vista are either registered trademarks or

trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.

All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

Product: ML165 pH Amp

Document Number: U-ML165-OG-002B

Part Number: 4611

Unit 13, 22 Lexington Drive, Bella Vista, NSW 2153, Australia

without the prior written permission of ADInstruments Pty Ltd.

Web: www.adinstruments.com

Technical Support: [email protected]

Documentation: [email protected]

ADInstruments Pty Ltd. ISO 9001:2000 Certiﬁed Quality Management System

Reg. No. 1053

Contents

iii

Contents

Safety Notes 5

1 Overview 13

How to Use This Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Checking the pH Amp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

ADInstruments Front-ends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

The pH Amp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

The Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

The Electrode and Reference Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

The Online Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

The Temperature Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

The Back Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

The Signal Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

C Connector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

2 Setting Up 17

Connecting to the PowerLab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Single Front-end . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Multiple Front-ends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Using ADInstruments Programs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

The Front-end Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Front-end Self-test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Software Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

The pH Amp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Signal Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Setting the Range. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Inverting the Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Calibrating the pH Amp Electrode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

pH Amp

Owner’s Guide

Setting Up the Temperature Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Signal Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Setting the Range. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Inverting the Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

The Temperature Probe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

A Technical Aspects 27

pH Amp Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Technical Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

B Troubleshooting 29

C Specifications 31

pH Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Temperature Section. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Control Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Physical Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Index 33

Safety Notes

Statement of Intended Use

All products manufactured by ADInstruments are intended for use in

teaching and research applications and environments only.

ADInstruments products are NOT intended to be used as medical

devices or in medical environments. That is, no product supplied by

ADInstruments is intended to be used to diagnose, treat or monitor a

subject. Furthermore no product is intended for the prevention, curing

or alleviation of disease, injury or handicap.

Where a product meets IEC 60601-1 it is under the principle that:

• it is a more rigorous standard than other standards that could be

chosen, and

• it provides a high safety level for subjects and operators.

The choice to meet IEC 60601-1 is in no way to be interpreted to mean

that a product:

• is a medical device,

• may be interpreted as a medical device, or

• is safe to be used as a medical device.

Safety Notes

pH Amp

Owner’s Guide

Safety Symbols

Devices manufactured by ADInstruments that are designed for direct

connection to humans are tested to IEC 601-1:1998 (including

amendments 1 and 2) and 60601-1-2, and carry one or more of the

safety symbols below. These symbols appear next to those inputs and

output connectors that can be directly connected to human subjects.

The three symbols are:

• BF (body protected) symbol. This means that the input connectors

are suitable for connection to humans provided there is no direct

electrical connection to the heart.

• CF (cardiac protected) symbol. This means that the input

connectors are suitable for connection to human subjects even

when there is direct electrical connection to the heart.

• Warning symbol. The exclamation mark inside a triangle means

that the supplied documentation must be consulted for operating,

cautionary or safety information before using the device.

Further information is available on request.

Bio Amp Safety Instructions

The Bio Amp inputs displaying any of the safety symbols are

electrically isolated from the mains supply in order to prevent current

ﬂow that may otherwise result in injury to the subject. Several points

must be observed for safe operation of the Bio Amp:

BF symbol: Body-

protected equipment

CF symbol: Cardiac-

protected equipment

Warning symbol: ‘see

documentation’

Safety Notes

• All Bio Amp front-ends (except for the ML138 Octal Bio Amp) and

PowerLab units with a built-in Bio Amp are supplied with a 3-lead

or 5-lead Bio Amp subject cable and lead wire system. The ML138

Octal Bio Amp is supplied with unshielded lead wires (1.8 m). Bio

Amps are only safe for human connection if used with the

supplied subject cable and lead wires.

• All Bio Amp front-ends and PowerLab units with a built-in Bio

Amp are not deﬁbrillator-protected. Using the Bio Amp to record

signals during deﬁbrillator discharges may damage the input

stages of the ampliﬁers. This may result in a safety hazard.

• Never use damaged Bio Amp cables or leads. Damaged cables and

leads must always be replaced before any connection to humans is

made.

Isolated Stimulator Safety

Instructions

The Isolated Stimulator outputs of a front-end signal conditioner or

PowerLab with a built-in isolated stimulator are electrically isolated.

However, they can produce pulses of up to 100 V at up to 20 mA.

Injury can still occur from careless use of these devices. Several points

must be observed for safe operation of the Isolated Stimulator:

• The Isolated Stimulator output must only be used with the

supplied bar stimulus electrode.

• The Isolated Stimulator output must not be used with individual

(physically separate) stimulating electrodes.

• Stimulation must not be applied across the chest or head.

• Do not hold one electrode in each hand.

• Always use a suitable electrode cream or gel and proper skin

preparation to ensure a low-impedance electrode contact. Using

electrodes without electrode cream can result in burns to the skin

or discomfort for the subject.

• Subjects with implantable or external cardiac pacemakers, a

cardiac condition, or a history of epileptic episodes must not be

subject to electrical stimulation.

• Always commence stimulation at the lowest current setting and

slowly increase the current.

• Stop stimulation if the subject experiences pain or discomfort.

pH Amp

Owner’s Guide

• Do not use faulty cables, or those that have exhibited intermittent

faults.

• Do not attempt to measure or record the Isolated Stimulator

waveform while connected to a subject using a PowerLab input or

any other piece of equipment that does not carry the appropriate

safety symbol (see Safety Symbols above).

Always check the status indicator on the front panel. It will always

ﬂash green each time the stimulator delivers a current pulse. A yellow

ﬂash indicates an ‘out-of-compliance’ (OOC) condition that may be

due to the electrode contact drying up. Always ensure that there is

good electrode contact at all times. Electrodes that are left on a subject

for some time need to be checked for dry contacts. An electrode

impedance meter can be used for this task.

• Always be alert for any adverse physiological effects in the subject.

At the ﬁrst sign of a problem, stimulation must be stopped, either

from the software or by ﬂicking down the safety switch on the

front panel of any built-in Isolated Stimulator or the ML180

Stimulus Isolator.

• The ML180 Stimulus Isolator is supplied with a special

transformer plug pack. The plug pack complies with medical

safety requirements. Therefore, under no circumstances should

any other transformer be used with the Stimulus Isolator. For a

replacement transformer plug pack please contact your nearest

ADInstruments representative.

General Safety Instructions

To achieve the optimal degree of subject and operator safety,

consideration should be given to the following guidelines when

setting up a PowerLab system either as stand-alone equipment or

when using PowerLab equipment in conjunction with other

equipment. Failure to do so may compromise the inherent safety

measures designed into PowerLab equipment. The following

guidelines are based on principles outlined in the international safety

standard IEC60601-1-1:

General requirements for safety - Collateral

standard: Safety requirements for medical systems

. Reference to this

standard is required when setting up a system for human connection.

Safety Notes

PowerLab systems (and many other devices) require the connection of

a personal computer for operation. This personal computer should be

certiﬁed as complying with IEC60950 and should be located outside a

1.8 m radius from the subject (so that the subject cannot touch it while

connected to the system). Within this 1.8 m radius, only equipment

complying with IEC60601-1 should be present. Connecting a system

in this way obviates the provision of additional safety measures and

the measurement of leakage currents.

Accompanying documents for each piece of equipment in the system

should be thoroughly examined prior to connection of the system.

While it is not possible to cover all arrangements of equipment in a

system, some general guidelines for safe use of the equipment are

presented below:

• Any electrical equipment which is located within the SUBJECT

AREA should be approved to IEC60601-1.

• Only connect those parts of equipment that are marked as an

APPLIED PART to the subject. APPLIED PARTS may be

recognized by the BF or CF symbols which appear in the Safety

Symbols section of these Safety Notes.

• Only CF-rated APPLIED PARTS must be used for direct cardiac

connection.

• Never connect parts which are marked as an APPLIED PART to

those which are not marked as APPLIED PARTS.

• Do not touch the subject to which the PowerLab (or its peripherals)

is connected at the same time as making contact with parts of the

PowerLab (or its peripherals) that are not intended for contact to

the subject.

• Cleaning and sterilization of equipment should be performed in

accordance with manufacturer’s instructions. The isolation barrier

may be compromised if manufacturer’s cleaning instructions are

not followed.

• The ambient environment (such as the temperature and relative

humidity) of the system should be kept within the manufacturer’s

speciﬁed range or the isolation barrier may be compromised.

• The entry of liquids into equipment may also compromise the

isolation barrier. If spillage occurs, the manufacturer of the affected

equipment should be contacted before using the equipment.

pH Amp

Owner’s Guide

• Many electrical systems (particularly those in metal enclosures)

depend upon the presence of a protective earth for electrical safety.

This is generally provided from the power outlet through a power

cord, but may also be supplied as a dedicated safety earth

conductor. Power cords should never be modiﬁed so as to remove

the earth connection. The integrity of the protective earth

connection between each piece of equipment and the protective

earth should be veriﬁed regularly by qualiﬁed personnel.

• Avoid using multiple portable socket-outlets (such as power

boards) where possible as they provide an inherently less safe

environment with respect to electrical hazards. Individual

connection of each piece of equipment to ﬁxed mains socket-

outlets is the preferred means of connection.

If multiple portable socket outlets are used, they are subject to the

following constraints:

• They shall not be placed on the ﬂoor.

• Additional multiple portable socket outlets or extension cords

shall not be connected to the system.

• They shall only be used for supplying power to equipment which

is intended to form part of the system.

Cleaning and Sterilization

ADInstruments products may be wiped down with a lint free cloth

moistened with industrial methylated spirit. Refer to the

manufacturer’s guidelines or the Data Card supplied with transducers

and accessories for speciﬁc cleaning and sterilizing instructions.

Preventative Inspection and

Maintenance

PowerLab systems and ADInstruments front-ends are all

maintenance-free and do not require periodic calibration or

adjustment to ensure safe operation. Internal diagnostic software

performs system checks during power up and will report errors if a

signiﬁcant problem is found. There is no need to open the instrument

for inspection or maintenance, and doing so within the warranty

period will void the warranty.

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