ASCEL Electronic AE20401 Istruzioni per l'installazione e il funzionamento

Æ20401

5.8 GHz Frequency Counter

/ Power Meter

Assembly and

Operation Manual

REV 3.1 EN

Table o Contents

Safety Information.....................................................................ii

Handover of a evice Built From a Kit....................................iv

Intended Use.............................................................................iv

ES Warning.............................................................................v

AE20401 5.8 GHz Frequency Counter / Power Meter..............1

Circuit escription.....................................................................2

Soldering....................................................................................4

Component Reference................................................................6

Assembly..................................................................................14

Adjustment of the input amplifier............................................18

Troubleshooting Checklist.......................................................20

Power Supply...........................................................................22

Case Mounting.........................................................................23

Operation..................................................................................25

Circuit iagram.......................................................................44

Bill of Materials.......................................................................46

Component Placement iagram..............................................49

ata Interface...........................................................................50

Specifications...........................................................................53

Warning

Please read this manual before you assemble and use this kit.

Keep it accessible for all users at all times.

Sa ety In ormation

Know and follow the applicable regulations for

electric devices in your region. In Germany,

these are especially V E 0100, V E

0550/0551, V E 0700, V E 0711 and V E

0860. Pay attention to the following safety

advices:

• isconnect the power supply before opening the case.

• Work on devices only if you made sure that they are

disconnected from any power supply, and any possible charge

inside is discharged.

• evices must only be used if they are mounted in a case in a

way that prevents the user from touching any live wires or

parts. isconnect the device from its power supply during

assembly.

• Always check the power cords for breaks or damaged

insulation. Replace any defective parts immediately.

• Seek advice from a qualified expert if you are not sure about

any specific value of a part, an installation procedure, or how

to connect accessories.

•Always check if the device is suitable for the intended purpose

before putting the unit in use. Seek assistance from a qualified

professional or the manufacturer if you are not sure.

• The manufacturer assumes no liability for errors made during

assembly or operation.

• evices that need a supply voltage greater that 24V may be

assembled by professionals only, to avoid hazards from

improper assembly.

• In schools, educational institutes or workshops, the use of this

unit must take place under the supervision of qualified staff.

• o not put this unit in use in an environment where the risk of

fire or explosion or explosive gas, vapor or dust is present.

• If the unit must be repaired, use original parts only. The use of

inappropriate parts may lead to a safety risk.

• Avoid working alone.

• Keep electronic parts away from children.

• o not replace parts with such that does not meet the required

parameters. For example: never replace a fuse with another one

with higher nominal current!

• Other regulations may apply. Please check the local safety

regulations for assembling electronic devices.

iii

Handover o a Device Built From a Kit

(in countries where applicable)

If you hand over a device built from a kit, you legally become

the manufacturer. This mean you are responsible for complying

with the appropriate regulations for electronic devices. All

accompanying papers, in particular this manual, must also be

passed over. Where necessary (for example in the European

Union) you must also publish your identity to the consignee.

Intended Use

(in countries where applicable)

The intended use of this device is measuring frequencies and

power within the given limits.

• Other uses are not approved!

ESD Warning

What is ESD?

ES (Electrostatic Dis-

charge) is the sudden flow

of electricity between two

objects caused by contact

or an electrical short. It

can reach very high voltages of many kV. In some cases even

over 100kV!

Causes of ESD

The main cause of ES events is static electricity. Static

electricity is usually generated through tribocharging, like

walking on a rug, ascending from a fabric seat, removing some

types of plastic packaging or using non-ES compliant tools.

Danger of ESD

The high voltage pulse can easily destroy electronic parts. ICs

and FETs are very sensitive to high voltage. Even a short,

single touch may destroy a part!

How do I prevent damage due to ESD?

Always ground yourself while working with electronic parts. A

grounded conducting wrist strap and proper anti-static work

surface mat will help prevent ES damage. Also make sure

that the soldering iron is grounded and ES -safe.

Warning symbol for an

electrostatic sensitive device

AE20401 5.8 GHz Frequency Counter /

Power Meter

The AE20401 combines three different functions:

- A frequency counter, that range from mHz resolution with

reciprocal counting algorithms to 5.8 GHz with the optional

Channel B Module

- A pulse counter (Channel C)

- And a power meter (optional Channel PWR Modules) that

can measure from -55 dBm (3 nW) to +30 dBm (1 W) / -5 dBm

in the range from C to 500 MHz / 10 MHz to 8 GHz. The

value of external attenuators can be included in the readings.

It can measure Frequency/Period (Channel A/B) and RPM

(Channel A). The number of pulses per revolution is adjustable.

Offset and Smooth functions and selectable Trigger Edge

extends the possible applications even further.

The USB interface1 allows remote control of the frequency

counter with the included software. The easy, plain text

command protocol allows simple integration with external

tools and systems. Every single function of the device can be

remote controlled.

All SM (Surface Mounted evice) components are already

soldered, so the kit is also suitable for beginners in electronics.

The comprehensive manual should help answer all questions

that may arise during assembly.

Please read the complete manual (especially if you are not yet

experienced in electronic engineering) before building the kit.

1optional

Circuit Description

The circuit diagram of the AE20401 can be divided into several

parts, which are described here.

The digital part is based on microcontroller IC1. IC1 controls

all functions, computes the readings, and drives the LC . The

USB port is handled by the FT230X UART-USB Bridge (IC5).

IC8 is the 2.5V reference for the A C (analog to digital

converter) that is used to convert the analog output of the

Power Meter Module to a digital value.

The 5V digital supply comes from the linear regulator IC4. 1

protects IC4 from reverse polarity of the input voltage.

ecoupling capacitors are placed next to all ICs. Each module

has their own power regulation and decoupling capacitors on

their own boards.

Channel A/C input circuitry: the C offset is removed from the

signal first. Then it is impedance matched and fed to the input

amplifier. 2/ 3 limit the signal in case of input overload. P1*

is used to attenuate it. A high-speed comparator (IC6) with

hysteresis is then used to compare the signal against a reference

voltage. (see chapter "Adjustment" for details).

Now a 5Vpp square wave that is the same frequency as the

input signal is available which can be processed by the digital

(logic) ICs. Along with the signal from Channel B, which is

already divided by 500 in the module, it is divided by 2 by a

high speed flip-flop (IC2), then further by 8 by a 4bit counter

(IC3).

Now, all these signals are routed to a multiplexer (IC7), where

three signals are available: the comparator output from Channel

A, the divided-by-16 signal, and the divided-by-1000 signal

from Channel B.

The microcontroller selects one of these signals, depending on

active channel and mode, which is processed to create a

reading.

The analog output from the Power Meter (Channel PWR) is

converted to a digital value by the microcontroller's internal

A C. This digital value is then used to calculate the power.

Since the Channel B Module uses 3.3V internally, voltage

dividers on the data lines (R17/R19, R23/R20 and R22/R21)

reduce the amplitude from 5V to 3.3V.

The external input (EXT) is protected against overvoltage by

R15 together with 4/ 5.

The separately drawn CLK footprint can accept either a

standard crystal oscillator or the optional 1ppm TCXO Module.

R2 is a high power resistor capable of withstanding short

overload events on Channel A/C without damage – however, it

is important not to exceed the specified maximum limits, as

higher input voltages may damage the frequency counter!

Soldering

Please read the following pages if you are not yet experienced

in soldering. Good soldering is a matter of practice! Practice on

old boards until you feel confident before assembling the kit.

• The parts are mounted on the silkscreen side of the PCB

Except parts whose designators ends with an asterisk (like

S1*) These are mounted on the other side!

• Do not inhale the fumes from the flux! Wash your hands

after soldering! Wear protective glasses!

• If you use additional flux, make sure it is suitable for

electronics use! Non-suitable flux may contain acid which will

damage the traces on the PCB over time.

• Try to solder fast. Heating up for too long may damage the

components and the board.

• Solder wire with a diameter between 0.5-0.75mm (0.02"-

0.03") is most suitable for through-hole components. Lead

solder is easier to use than lead-free solder.

• A clean, non-oxidized tip is essential for good soldering. Use

a wet sponge or a metal wool tip cleaner to regularly clean the

tip. The metal wool cleaners are superior to a wet sponge as

there is no temperature shock.

Indice

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