DeLOCK 12951 Manuale utente

IoT LoRa Radio Module 868 MHz 20 dB TTL (3.3 V)

User manual

Product-No:12951

User manual no:12951-a

www.delock.com

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1. Specification and parameter

1.1 Limit parameter

Main parameter

Performance

Notes

Min.

Max.

Power supply

（

）

0 5.2

Voltage over 5.2V will cause permanent

damage to module

Blocking power

（

dBm

）

- -10

Chances of burn is slim when modules

are used in short distance

Operating temperature

（℃）

-40

1.2 Operating parameter

Main parameter

Performan

Remark

Min

Typ.

Max.

Operating voltage

（

）

3.3

5.0

5.2

≥5.0 V ensures output power

Communication level

（

）

-3.3 -

For 5V TTL, it may be at risk of

burning down

Operating temperature

（℃）

-40

Industrial design

Operating frequency

（

MHz

）

862

-868

893

Support ISM band

Power

consumptio

Transmitting current [mA]

106

Instant power consumption

Receiving current [mA]

Turn-off current [μA]

-4 -Software is shut down

Max Tx power

（

dBm

）

19.2

20.0

Receiving sensitivity

（

dBm

）

-144

-146

-147

Air data rate is 2.4kbps

Air data rate

（

bps

）

0.3k

2.4k

19.2k

Controlled via user’s programming

Main parameter

Description

Remark

Distance for reference 3000m

Test condition

：

clear and open area, antenna gain: 5dBi

，

antenna height: 2.5m，air data rate: 2.4kbps

TX length 58 Btye

Maximum capacity of single package, automatic

subcontracting after exceeding

Buffer

512 Btye

Modulation

LoRa™

-2-

Communication interface

TTL

@3.3V

Package

DIP

Connector

2.54mm

Size

21 * 36mm

Antenna

SMA-K

50 ohm impedance

2. Size and pin definition

No.

Name

Direction

Function

1 M0

Input

（weak pull-up）

Work with M1 to decide 4 working modes of module (not suspended, if

not used, could be grounded).

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2 M1

Input

（weak pull-up）

Work with M0 to decide 4 working modes of module (not suspended, if

not used, could be grounded).

3 RXD Input

TTL UART inputs, connects to external (MCU, PC) TXD output pin. Can

be configured as open-drain or pull-up input.

TXD

Output

TTL UART outputs, connects to external RXD (MCU, PC) input pin. Can

be configured as open-drain or push-pull output

5 AUX Output

To indicate module ’ s working status & wakes up the external MCU.

During the procedure of self-check initialization, the pin outputs low

level. Can be configured as push-pull output (suspending is allowed).

VCC

Input

Power supply

：

2.3~ 5.2V DC

GND

Input

Ground

Fixed orifice

3. Connect to MCU

No.

Description（STM8L MCU）

1 The UART module is TTL level.

2 For some MCU works at 5VDC, it may need to add 4-10K pull-up resistor for the TXD & AUX pin.

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4. Function description

4.1 Fixed transmission

4.2 Broadcasting transmission

4.3 Broadcasting address

For example: Set the address of module A as 0xFFFF or 0x0000, and the channel as 0x04;

-5-

When module is the transmitter (transparent transmission), all modules under channel 0x04 will receive the data, the

purpose of broadcast is realized.

5.4 Monitor address

For example: Set the address of module A as 0xFFFF or 0x0000, and the channel as 0x04;

When module A is the receiver, it can receive the data sent from all modules under channel 0x04, the purpose of

monitor is realized.

4.5 Reset

When the module is powered, AUX outputs low level immediately, conducts hardware self-check and sets the

operating mode based on user’s parameters. During the process, the AUX remains low level. After the process

completed, the AUX outputs high level and starts to work as per the operating mode combined by M1 and M0.

Therefore, users need to wait the AUX rising edge as the start of module’s normal work.

4.6 AUX description

AUX Pin can be used as indication for wireless send & receive buffer and self-check.

It can indicate whether there are data that are not sent yet via wireless way, or whether all wireless data has been

sent through UART, or whether the module is still in the process of self-check initialization.

4.6.1 Indication of UART output

To wake up external MCU

4.6.2 Indication of wireless transmitting

Buffer (empty): the internal 512 bytes data in the buffer are written to the RFIC (Auto sub-packaging).

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When AUX=1, the user can input data less than 512 bytes continuously without overflow. Buffer (not empty): when

AUX=0, the internal 512 bytes data in the buffer have not been written to the RFIC completely. If the user starts to

transmit data at this circumstance, it may cause overtime when the module is waiting for the user data, or

transmitting wireless sub package.

When AUX = 1, it does not mean that all the UART data of the module have been transmitted already, perhaps the

last packet of data is still in transmission.

4.6.3 Configuration procedure of module

Only happened when power-on resetting or exiting sleep mode

4.6.4 Notes for AUX

No. Description

For function 1 & function 2 mentioned above, the priority should be given to the one with low level output, which means if it

meets each of any low level output condition, AUX outputs low level, if none of the low level condition is met, AUX outputs

high level.

When AUX outputs low level, it means the module is busy & cannot conduct operating mode checking. Within 1ms since

AUX outputs high level, the mode switch will be completed.

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After switching to new operating mode, it will not work in the new mode immediately until AUX rising edge lasts for 2ms .

If AUX stays on the high level, the operating mode switch can be effected immediately.

When the user switches to other operating modes from mode 3 (sleep mode) or it’s still in reset process, the module will reset

user parameters, during which AUX outputs low level.

5. Operating mode

There are four operating modes, which are set by M1 and M0, the details are as follows:

Mode

（

0-3

）

Mode introduction

Remark

0 Normal

UART and wireless channel are open, transparent

transmission is on

The receiver must work in mode 0

or mode 1

1 wake up

UART and wireless channel are open, the only

difference with mode 0 is that before transmitting data,

increasing the wake up code automatically, so that it can

awake the receiver under mode 3.

The receiver could be 0,1 or 2

2 power saving

UART close, wireless is under air-awaken mode, after

receiving data, UART open and send data.

transmitter must be mode 1,

unable to transmit in this mode.

3 sleep

sleep mode, receiving parameter setting command is

available.

more details on

parameter specification.

5.1 Mode switch

The user can decide the operating mode by the combination of M1 and M0. The two GPIO of MCU can be used to

switch mode. After modifying M1 or M0, it will start to work in new mode 1ms later if the module is free. If there

are any serial data that are yet to finish wireless transmitting, it will start to work in new mode after the UART

transmitting finished. After the module receives the wireless data & transmits the data through serial port, it will

start to work in new mode after the transmitting finished. Therefore, the mode-switch is only valid when AUX

outputs 1, otherwise it will delay.

For example, in mode 0 or mode 1, if the user inputs massive data consecutively and switches operating mode at the

same time, the mode-switch operation is invalid. New mode checking can only be started after all the user’s data

process completed. It is recommended to check AUX pin out status and wait 2ms after AUX outputs high level

before switching the mode.

If the module switches from other modes to stand-by mode, it will work in stand-by mode only after all the

remained data process completed. The feature can be used to save power consumption. For example, when the

transmitter works in mode 0, after the external MCU transmits data “12345”, it can switch to sleep mode

immediately without waiting the rising edge of the AUX pin, also the user’s main MCU will go dormancy

immediately. Then the module will transmit all the data through wireless transmission & go dormancy 1ms later

automatically, which reduces MCU working time & save power.

Likewise, this feature can be used in any mode-switch. The module will start to work in new mode within 1ms after

completing present mode task, which enables the user to omit the procedure of AUX inquiry and switch mode

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swiftly. For example, when switching from transmitting mode to receiving mode, the user MCU can go dormancy

before mode-switch, using external interrupt function to get AUX change so that the mode-switch can be realized.

This operation is very flexible and efficient. It is totally designed on the basis of the user MCU’s convenience, at the

same time the work load and power consumption of the whole system have been reduced and the efficiency of

whole system is largely improved.

5.2 Normal mode (mode 0)

When M1 = 0 & M0 = 0, module works in mode 0

Transmitting

The module can receive the user data via serial port, and transmit wireless data package of 58 bytes. When the data

inputted by user is up to 58 byte, the module will start wireless transmission. During which the user can input data

continuously for transmission.

When the required transmission bytes are less than 58 bytes, the module will wait 3-byte time and treat it as data

termination unless continuous data inputted by user. Then the module will transmit all the data through wireless

channel.

When the module receives the first data packet from user, the AUX outputs low level.

After all the data are transmitted into RF chip and transmission start , AUX outputs high level.

At this time, it means that the last wireless data package transmission is started, which enables the user to input

another 512 bytes continuously. The data package transmitted from the module working in mode 0 can only be

received by the module working in mode 0 or 1.

Receiving

The wireless receiving function of the module is on, the data packet transmitted from the module working in mode 0

& mode 1 can be received.

After the data packet is received, the AUX outputs low level, 5ms later the module starts to transmit wireless data

through serial port TXD pin.

After all the wireless data have been transmitted via serial port, the AUX outputs high level.

5.3 Wake-up mode (mode 1)

When M1 = 0 & M0 = 1, module works in mode 1

Transmitting

The condition of data packet transmission & AUX function is the same as mode 0. The only difference is that

the module will add preamble code before each data packet automatically. The preamble code length depends

on the wake-up time set in the user parameters. The purpose of the preamble code is waking up the receiving

module works in mode 2. Therefore, the data package transmitted from mode 1 can be received by mode 0,

mode1 and mode 2.

Receiving The same as that in mode 0.

5.4 Power-saving mode (mode 2)

When M1 = 1 & M0 = 0, module works in mode 2

Transmitting UART is closed, the module cannot receive any serial port data from outside MCU.

Hence the function of wireless transmission is not available for the module working in this mode.

-9-

Receiving

In mode 2, it is required the data transmitter works in mode 1.

The wireless module monitors the preamble code at regular time.

Once it gets the preamble code, it will remain as receiving status and waiting for the completion of receiving the

entire valid data package.

Then the AUX outputs low level, 5ms later the serial port is open to transmit received wireless data through

TXD. Finally, AUX outputs high level after process completed.

The wireless module stays in “power-saving – monitoring” working status (polling).

By setting different wake-up time, the module will have different receiving response delay (2s in maximum) and

average power consumption (30uA in minimum).

The user needs to achieve a balance between communication delay time & average power consumption.

5.5 Sleep mode (mode 3)

When M1=1, M0=1, module works in mode 3

Transmitting

N/A

Receiving

N/A

Parameter setting

This mode can be used for parameter setting. It uses serial port 9600 & 8N1 to set module working parameters

through specific instruction format. (pls refer to parameters setting for details)

Notes

When the mode changes from stand-by mode to others, the module will reset its parameters, during which the

AUX keeps low level and then outputs high level after reset completed. It is recommended to check the AUX

rising edge for user.

6. Command format

In sleep mode（Mode 3：M1=1, M0=1）, it supports below instructions on list.

(Only support 9600 and 8N1 format when setting)

No. Instruction format Illustration

C0+working

parameters

C0 + 5 bytes working parameters are sent in hexadecimal format. 6 bytes in total and

must be sent in succession, ( Save the parameters when power-down ).

2 C1+C1+C1

( Save the parameters when power-down )

C2+working

parameters

Three C1 are sent in hexadecimal format. The module returns the saved parameters

and must be sent in succession.

4 C3+C3+C3

C2 + 5 bytes working parameters are sent in hexadecimal format. 6 bytes in total and

must be sent in succession. (Do not save the parameters when power-down)

5 C4+C4+C4

Three C3 are sent in hexadecimal format. The module returns the version

information and they must be sent in succession.

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