Diatron Abacus + Manuale utente

Hematology Analyzer

Service Manual

Release 1.09

DIATRON Messtechnik Ges.m.B.H.

A-1141 Wien, Ameisgasse 49-51/2.

AUSTRIA

Tel.: (431) 914-85-00, 911-38-48

Fax: 914-85-07-15

Web: www.diatron.com

DIATRON MI Ltd.

H-58-59.

HUNGARY

Tel.: (361) 436-98-00

Fax: (361) 436-98-00

Web: www.diatron.com

E-mail: [email protected]

Diatron MI PLC

rev 1.09

Revision history:

Revision

Section

Modification

1.00

All

PRELIMINARY

Support

Team

10-11.2006

1.09

All

Updating tubing schematic

Cust.Serv

May 2007

Abacus+Service Manual

rev 1.09

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................7

1.1. NAME AND SERIAL NUMBER....................................................................................................................7

1.2. INTENDED USE ........................................................................................................................................7

1.3. INTEGRATED SOFTWARE .........................................................................................................................8

2. FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION.................................................................................................................9

2.1. MAIN ELECTRONIC PARTS OF THE ANALYZER..........................................................................................9

2.1.1. Counting chambers with electrodes and measuring apertures ...................................................10

2.1.2. HGB Head...................................................................................................................................10

2.1.3. Cell counter Amplifier Board......................................................................................................11

2.1.4. Control and Measurement Board (COMB) with DIMM-PC core...............................................12

2.1.5. DIMM-PC* Module ....................................................................................................................13

2.1.6. Configuration and ID E2PROM board (IDEPROM) ..................................................................13

2.1.7. Pneumatic and Power Board (PPB) ...........................................................................................14

2.1.8. Opto-boards for stepper motors..................................................................................................15

2.1.9. Valve boards ...............................................................................................................................15

2.1.10. Pressure Sensor...........................................................................................................................16

2.1.11. Digital Reagent Sensor Board.....................................................................................................16

2.1.12. LCD Display Module with High Voltage Board .........................................................................17

2.1.13. Keypad ........................................................................................................................................18

2.1.14. External Power Supply................................................................................................................18

2.2. MAIN MECHANIC AND FLUIDIC PARTS OF THE ANALYZER .....................................................................19

2.2.1. Sampling needle ..........................................................................................................................20

2.2.2. Washing head..............................................................................................................................20

2.2.3. H&V moving unit ........................................................................................................................21

2.2.4. Main Dilutor................................................................................................................................22

2.2.5. Micro Dilutor ..............................................................................................................................23

2.2.6. Puffer reservoir...........................................................................................................................23

2.2.7. Pump ...........................................................................................................................................23

2.3. ASSEMBLED ANALYZER........................................................................................................................24

2.3.1. Abacus+......................................................................................................................................24

3. ADJUSTMENT...........................................................................................................................................27

3.1. MECHANICAL SETTINGS ........................................................................................................................27

3.1.1. Opto wheel setting.......................................................................................................................27

3.1.2. Sampling needle setting...............................................................................................................28

3.2. HARDWARE SETTINGS...........................................................................................................................28

3.2.1. Amplifier offset setting ................................................................................................................28

4. OPERATION OF THE FLUIDIC SYSTEM ...........................................................................................29

4.1. BASIC PROCESSES .................................................................................................................................30

4.1.1. Sampling process ........................................................................................................................30

4.1.2. Needle washing process ..............................................................................................................31

4.1.3. Diluting processes.......................................................................................................................32

4.1.4. Fluid transfer from MIX chamber to WBC chamber...................................................................33

4.1.5. Lysing process.............................................................................................................................34

4.1.6. Counting process.........................................................................................................................35

4.1.7. Aperture priming process............................................................................................................36

4.1.8. WBC chamber draining process..................................................................................................37

4.1.9. RBC chamber draining process ..................................................................................................38

4.1.10. Cleaner priming process.............................................................................................................39

4.2. MAIN FUNCTIONS OF FLUIDIC SYSTEM...................................................................................................40

4.2.1. Initialization................................................................................................................................40

4.2.2. Wake up.......................................................................................................................................40

4.2.3. Measurement cycle......................................................................................................................41

4.2.4. Standby........................................................................................................................................47

4.2.5. Cleaning......................................................................................................................................48

4.2.6. Hard cleaning .............................................................................................................................48

4.2.7. Shutdown.....................................................................................................................................48

Diatron MI PLC

rev 1.09

5. CHECKING THE PROPER OPERATION.............................................................................................49

5.1. SELF TEST .............................................................................................................................................49

5.1.1. Self test Screens...........................................................................................................................49

5.1.2. Normal range of Self Test parameters.........................................................................................50

5.1.3. Troubleshooting Guide for Self test.............................................................................................50

5.2. SERVICE MENU.....................................................................................................................................51

5.2.1. Entering to Service Menu............................................................................................................51

5.2.2. Main Service Menu......................................................................................................................51

5.2.3. Edit service contact .....................................................................................................................51

5.2.4. Device Information......................................................................................................................51

5.2.5. Service Calibration......................................................................................................................52

5.2.6. Settings ........................................................................................................................................52

5.2.7. Service Testing Menu ..................................................................................................................55

5.2.8. Valve Test Menu..........................................................................................................................55

5.2.9. Motor Test Menu .........................................................................................................................55

5.2.10. Display and Keyboard Test .........................................................................................................56

5.2.11. Stress Mode .................................................................................................................................56

5.2.12. Miscellaneous Settings ................................................................................................................57

5.2.13. Multi-user Rescue Code ..............................................................................................................57

6. SERVICE OPERATION............................................................................................................................58

6.1. OPENING THE INSTRUMENT...................................................................................................................58

6.2. MDA (MONOCHROME DISPLAY ADAPTER)EMULATION MODE.............................................................58

6.3. KEY BIOS SETTINGS FOR CORRECT OPERATION....................................................................................58

6.4. CHECKING THE BIOS SETUP..................................................................................................................60

6.5. BIOS-DESCRIPTION ..............................................................................................................................60

6.6. DOS FUNCTIONS ON THE INSTRUMENT..................................................................................................62

7. TROUBLESHOOTING .............................................................................................................................63

7.1. ERROR CODES .......................................................................................................................................64

7.1.1. Software/system errors ................................................................................................................64

7.1.2. Pneumatic errors.........................................................................................................................64

7.1.3. Measure errors............................................................................................................................65

7.1.4. Printing errors.............................................................................................................................66

7.1.5. Other errors.................................................................................................................................67

7.2. WARNING MESSAGES ............................................................................................................................68

7.2.1. Pneumatic warnings....................................................................................................................68

7.2.2. Database relating warnings ........................................................................................................69

7.2.3. Warnings relating to QC measure...............................................................................................69

7.2.4. Calibration relating warnings.....................................................................................................69

7.2.5. Hardware relating warnings .......................................................................................................70

7.2.6. Other warnings............................................................................................................................70

7.3. POSSIBLE CAUSES OF NOISE..................................................................................................................71

7.3.1. Contaminated reagent .................................................................................................................71

7.3.2. Bad earth grounding ...................................................................................................................71

7.3.3. External electrical noise..............................................................................................................72

7.3.4. Internal noise sources..................................................................................................................72

8. MAINTENANCE........................................................................................................................................74

8.1. WEEKLY MAINTENANCE BY USER ........................................................................................................74

8.1.1. Cleaning the washing head .........................................................................................................74

8.2. PERIODIC MAINTENANCE BY SERVICE ..................................................................................................74

8.2.1. Check Self test and Device statistics............................................................................................74

8.2.2. Cleaning and Greasing Dilutor Block.........................................................................................74

8.2.3. Checking and Lubricating Dilutor Piston Tips ...........................................................................74

8.2.4. Cleaning and Lubricating Needle Moving Mechanics ................................................................74

8.2.5. Checking and Replacing Washing Head .....................................................................................74

8.2.6. Checking and Replacing Peristaltic Pump Tube.........................................................................74

8.2.7. Checking condition of lyse tubing ...............................................................................................75

8.2.8. Bleaching of Fluidic System........................................................................................................75

9. SPARE PARTS ...........................................................................................................................................76

Abacus+Service Manual

rev 1.09

10. APPENDICES ........................................................................................................................................80

10.1. WARNING FLAGS...................................................................................................................................80

10.2. SERIAL COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL ...................................................................................................82

10.2.1. General Description....................................................................................................................82

10.2.2. Format of Packages Sent ............................................................................................................83

10.2.3. Format of Acknowledge of the Receiver......................................................................................83

10.2.4. Detailed Description of Packages...............................................................................................83

10.2.5. Serial Protocol 1.0 ......................................................................................................................88

10.2.6. Serial Protocol 1.7 ......................................................................................................................89

10.2.7. Serial Protocol 2.20, 2.23 ...........................................................................................................90

10.2.8. Serial Protocol 3.0 ......................................................................................................................91

10.3. ABACUS+CABLING DIAGRAM ...............................................................................................................95

10.4. ABACUS+TUBING SCHEMATICS ............................................................................................................96

10.5. RECOMMENDED KIT OF TOOLS ..............................................................................................................97

10.6. ELECTRONIC SCHEMATICS ....................................................................................................................97

Diatron MI PLC

rev 1.09

Abacus+Service Manual

rev 1.09

1. INTRODUCTION

Although Abacus+ Abacus junior instrument, it has special

and different characteristics compared to other junior family members. We issue a

dedicated Service Manual for this instrument; information herein applies for

Abacus+.

To be well up in the instruments, please read this manual carefully to have the

knowledge for servicing the instruments perfectly and avoid extra costs and wasting

precious time.

This Abacus+ Service Manual contains the functional descriptions of the analyzer,

operation of the fluidic systems, adjustments and settings, and very important information for

the Service Personnel about the service operations and possible problems.

1.1. Name and serial number

Name: Abacus+ Hematology Analyzer

Serial No.: Every instrument has its own serial number, which is printed on the rear panel

label and it can be read out from Device Information or from the self test

submenu. This identity number is write-protected by DIATRON.

1.2. Intended use

Abacus+ hematology analyzer is a fully automated cell counter for in vitro diagnostic use.

The compact instrument was developed for small clinics, point-of-cares and vet offices.

Abacus+ can process 60 samples per hour and is intended to determine the following 18

hematology paramet

WBC - LYM# - MID# - GRA# - LYM% - MID% - GRA% (three-part WBC differential)

HGB - RBC - HCT - MCV - RDW - MCH - MCHC

PLT - MPV - PCT PDW

Diatron MI PLC

rev 1.09

1.3. Integrated software

The integrated software controls the instrument operations, displays, stores, recalls data,

and allows the user to perform QC and calibration procedures and modify the user settings.

The software version number can be read out from the Device Information or from the Self

test submenu.

Software is absolutely “Plug and Play”,it can read out and detect the type and the serial

number of the instrument, therefore it will run the correct program for the hardware, without

any user or service help. Every Abacus+ software version is upgradeable (using an USB

drive) by the latest program developed by DIATRON, and it can be downloaded from:

www.diatron.com

Abacus+Service Manual

rev 1.09

2. FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

2.1. Main electronic parts of the analyzer

Abacus+ contains the following electronic parts:

1. Counting chambers with electrodes and measuring apertures

2. HGB Measuring Head

3. Cell Counter Amplifier Board (behind the chambers)

4. CPU Board with DIMM-PC and measurement processing unit (COMB Board)

5. Pneumatic and Power Board (PPB) with motor controllers, valve & pneumatic

controller, pump driver and power supply for internal printer (+8V) and digital circuitry

(+5V)

6. Safe configuration E2PROM board connecting CPU board and PPB

7. Motors with common opto-board of needle moving motors (H/V)

8. Main dilutor block with opto-board for diluent, lyse

9. Micro-dilutor block with opto-board for sampling

10. Valve boards (set of 5 and max. 7)

11. Peristaltic Pump

12. Pressure Sensor

13. Digital Reagent Sensor Board

14. Graphic LCD Display Module with High Voltage Board

15. LCD and Keyboard controller and Keyboard Panel

16. Internal Printer

Abacus+ Electronic Functional Block Diagram

Diatron MI PLC

rev 1.09

2.1.1. Counting chambers with electrodes and measuring apertures

Impedance method is used for determination of volume and number of cells. In this method

a known volume of dilution is drawn through a small aperture. Constant current is passed

through the aperture from one side to the other. When a cell passes through the aperture, it

causes a change in resistance, which generates a voltage pulse.

The amplitude of the voltage pulse is proportional to the ratio of cell volume per aperture

volume. This is used to determine the volume of cells. The number of cells can be obtained

by counting the pulses.

perture, and

             -shaped

metal fixing as it is shown in the next figure.

The aperture is made of ruby and it is moulded into the measuring tube.

2.1.2. HGB Head

Hemoglobin head is placed on the two sides of the WBC chamber.

It contains: light source (LED) at 540 nm wavelength and Photo Detector (TSL235). The

Photo Detector converts the light to frequency. The HGB concentration is a logarithmic

function of this frequency measured by the FPGA circuit of the COMB card.

Connection to the amplifier

LED

TSL235

Assembled Cell-counter Probe

Measuring tubes

Red rings mark

measuring tubes:

One: RBC 

Two: WBC 

Measuring tube

Reference electrode

U-shaped metal fixing

O-ring

Indice

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