Digi XBee 868LP Manuale utente

XBee® 868LP

Radio Frequency (RF) Modules

User Guide

Revision history—90002126

Revision Date Description

P July 2016 Updated pushbutton drawing and ISO spec number.

R October2016 Converted to the new MadCap Flare format with minor updates and

added the information from the XBee 868LP Getting Started Guide

(90002127).

S June 2017 Modified regulatory and certification information as required by RED

(Radio Equipment Directive).

T May 2018 Added note on range estimation.

U March 2019 Added a receiver category to Performance specifications.

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merchantability for a particular purpose. Digi may make improvements and/or changes in this manual

or in the product(s) and/or the program(s) described in this manual at any time.

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Gather support information: Before contacting Digi technical support for help, gather the following

information:

Product name and model

Product serial number (s)

Firmware version

Operating system/browser (if applicable)

Logs (from time of reported issue)

XBee 868LP RF Modules User Guide 2

Trace (if possible)

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Steps to reproduce

Contact Digi technical support: Digi offers multiple technical support plans and service packages.

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XBee 868LP RF Modules User Guide 3

Contents

XBee 868LP RF Modules User Guide

XBee S8 hardware description 12

European acceptance 12

Technical specifications

Performance specifications 14

LBT and AFA specifications 14

Power requirements 15

General specifications 15

Networking and security 16

Regulatory conformity summary 16

Serial communication specifications 16

UART pin assignments 16

SPI pin assignments 17

GPIO specifications 17

Hardware specifications for the programmable variant 17

Hardware

Mechanical drawings 20

Pin signals 20

Design notes 22

Power supply design 22

Board layout 23

Antenna performance 23

Recommended pin connections 23

Design notes for PCB antenna devices 24

Design notes for RF pad devices 25

Module operation for the programmable variant 28

Programmable XBee SDK 29

Get started

Set up the devices 31

Before you begin 31

Connect the hardware 32

Step 1: Download and install XCTU 33

Step 2: Set up your first wireless connection 35

XBee 868LP RF Modules User Guide 4

XBee 868LP RF Modules User Guide 5

Step 3: Create a mesh network 39

Step 4: Use API mode to talk to XBee modules 43

Do more with your XBee modules 47

Update the firmware 47

Configure remote devices 48

Set up and perform a range test 49

Configure basic synchronous sleep support 52

Set up basic encryption for an XBee network 57

Learn more about XBee module features 58

Unicast versus broadcast transmissions 58

Analog inputs and digital inputs and outputs 58

Sleep modes 59

Transparent and API operating modes 59

Troubleshooting 59

Cannot install device driver 59

Use LEDs to identify XBee modules 60

No remote devices to select for a range test 60

Port in use 61

XCTU cannot discover devices 61

XCTUcannot discover remote devices 62

XCTUcannot discover remote devices for a range test 62

XCTU installation error 63

Configure the XBee 868LP RF Module

Software libraries 66

XBee Network Assistant 66

Operation

Operation 68

Listen Before Talk and Automatic Frequency Agility 68

Single frequency mode band mode 69

Serial communications 69

UART data flow 69

SPI communications 70

SPI operation 71

Configuration considerations 73

Serial port selection 73

Data format 73

SPI parameters 74

Serial buffers 74

Serial receive buffer 74

Serial transmit buffer 74

UART flow control 74

CTS flow control 75

RTS flow control 75

Force UART operation 75

Condition 75

Solution 75

Serial interface protocols 75

Transparent operating mode 76

API operating mode 76

Comparing Transparent and API modes 76

XBee 868LP RF Modules User Guide 6

Modes

Transmit mode 79

Receive mode 79

Command mode 79

Enter Command mode 80

Troubleshooting 80

Send AT commands 80

Response to AT commands 81

Apply command changes 81

Make command changes permanent 81

Exit Command mode 81

Sleep mode 82

Sleep modes

About sleep modes 84

Asynchronous modes 84

Synchronous modes 84

Normal mode 84

Asynchronous pin sleep mode 84

Asynchronous cyclic sleep mode 85

Asynchronous cyclic sleep with pin wake up mode 85

Synchronous sleep support mode 85

Synchronous cyclic sleep mode 85

Wake timer 86

Indirect messaging and polling 86

Indirect messaging 86

Polling 86

Sleeping routers 87

Sleep coordinator sleep modes in the DigiMesh network 87

Synchronization messages 87

Become a sleep coordinator 90

Select sleep parameters 92

Start a sleeping synchronous network 92

Add a new node to an existing network 93

Change sleep parameters 94

Rejoin nodes that lose sync 94

Diagnostics 95

Advanced application features

Remote configuration commands 98

Send a remote command 98

Apply changes on remote devices 98

Remote command responses 98

Network commissioning and diagnostics 98

Configure devices 98

Network link establishment and maintenance 99

Place devices 100

Device discovery 101

Link reliability 101

Commissioning pushbutton and associate LED 104

I/O line monitoring 107

XBee 868LP RF Modules User Guide 7

I/O samples 107

Queried sampling 107

Periodic I/O sampling 109

Detect digital I/O changes 110

General Purpose Flash Memory 110

Access General Purpose Flash Memory 110

Work with flash memory 111

General Purpose Flash Memory commands 112

PLATFORM_INFO_REQUEST (0x00) 112

PLATFORM_INFO (0x80) 112

ERASE (0x01) 113

ERASE_RESPONSE (0x81) 113

WRITE (0x02) and ERASE_THEN_WRITE (0x03) 114

WRITE _RESPONSE (0x82) and ERASE_THEN_WRITE_RESPONSE (0x83) 114

READ (0x04) 115

READ_RESPONSE (0x84) 115

FIRMWARE_VERIFY (0x05) and FIRMWARE_VERIFY_AND_INSTALL(0x06) 116

FIRMWARE_VERIFY_RESPONSE (0x85) 117

FIRMWARE_VERIFY _AND_INSTALL_RESPONSE (0x86) 117

Over-the-air firmware updates 118

Distribute the new application 118

Verify the new application 119

Install the application 119

Networking methods

Directed Broadcast/Repeater mode 121

Point to Point/Multipoint mode 121

Permanent (dedicated) 121

Switched 121

DigiMesh networking 121

DigiMesh feature set 122

Networking concepts 123

Device Configuration 123

Network ID 123

Data transmission and routing 123

Unicast addressing 123

Broadcast addressing 123

Routing 124

Route discovery 124

DigiMesh throughput 124

Transmission timeouts 125

AT commands

Special commands 128

AC (Apply Changes) 128

FR (Software Reset) 128

RE (Restore Defaults) 128

WR (Write 128

MAC/PHY commands 129

CM (Channel Mask) 129

HP (Preamble ID) 129

ID (Network ID) 129

XBee 868LP RF Modules User Guide 8

MT(Broadcast Multi-Transmits) 130

PL (TX Power Level) 130

RR (Unicast Mac Retries) 130

ED (Energy Detect) 131

Diagnostic commands 131

BC (Bytes Transmitted) 131

DB (Last Packet RSSI) 131

ER (Received Error Count) 132

GD (Good Packets Received) 132

EA (MAC ACK Timeouts) 132

TR (Transmission Errors) 132

UA (MAC Unicast Transmission Count) 133

%H (MAC Unicast One Hop Time) 133

%8 (MAC Broadcast One Hop Time) 133

Network commands 133

CE (Node Messaging Options) 133

BH (Broadcast Hops) 134

NH (Network Hops) 134

NN (Network Delay Slots) 134

MR (Mesh Unicast Retries) 135

Addressing commands 135

SH (Serial Number High) 135

SL (Serial Number Low) 135

DH (Destination Address High) 136

DL (Destination Address Low) 136

TO (Transmit Options) 136

NI (Node Identifier) 137

NT (Node Discover Timeout) 137

NO (Node Discovery Options) 137

CI (Cluster ID) 138

DE (Destination Endpoint) 138

SE (Source Endpoint) 138

Addressing discovery/configuration commands 139

AG (Aggregator Support) 139

DN (Discover Node) 139

ND (Network Discover) 139

FN (Find Neighbors) 140

Diagnostic - addressing commands 141

N? (Network Discovery Timeout) 141

Security commands 141

EE (Security Enable) 141

KY (AES Encryption Key) 141

Serial interfacing commands 142

BD (Baud Rate) 142

NB (Parity) 142

SB (Stop Bits) 143

RO (Packetization Timeout) 143

FT (Flow Control Threshold) 143

AP (API Mode) 144

AO (API Options) 144

I/O settings commands 144

CB (Commissioning Pushbutton) 145

D0 (AD0/DIO0 Configuration) 145

D1 (DIO1/AD1) 145

D2 (DIO2/AD2) 146

XBee 868LP RF Modules User Guide 9

D3 (DIO3/AD3) 146

D4 (DIO4/AD4) 147

D5 (DIO5/ASSOCIATED_INDICATOR) 147

D6 (DIO6/RTS) 147

D7 (DIO7/CTS) 148

D8 (DIO8/SLEEP_REQUEST) 148

D9 (DIO9/ON_SLEEP) 149

P0 (DIO10/RSSI/PWM0 Configuration) 149

P1 (DIO11/PWM1 Configuration) 150

P2 (DIO12 Configuration) 150

P3 (DIO13/DOUT) 151

P4 (DIO14/DIN) 151

P5 (SPI_MISO) 151

P6 (SPI_MOSI Configuration) 152

P7 (DIO17/SPI_SSEL ) 152

P8 (DIO18/SPI_SCLK) 152

P9 (SPI_ATTN) 153

PD (Pull Up/Down Direction) 153

PR (Pull-up/Down Resistor Enable) 153

M0 (PWM0 Duty Cycle) 154

M1 (PWM1 Duty Cycle) 155

LT (Associate LED Blink Time) 155

RP (RSSI PWM Timer) 155

I/O sampling commands 155

AV (Analog Voltage Reference) 155

IC (DIO Change Detection) 156

IF (Sleep Sample Rate) 157

IR (I/O Sample Rate) 157

TP (Temperature) 157

IS (Force Sample) 157

%V (Voltage Supply Monitoring) 158

Sleep commands 158

SM (Sleep Mode) 158

SO (Sleep Options) 158

SN (Number of Cylcles Between ON_SLEEP) 159

SP (Sleep Period) 159

ST (Wake Time) 160

WH (Wake Host) 160

Diagnostic - sleep status/timing commands 160

SS (Sleep Status) 160

OS (Operating Sleep Time) 161

OW (Operating Wake Time) 161

MS (Missed Sync Messages) 161

SQ (Missed Sleep Sync Count) 162

Command mode options 162

CC (Command Sequence Character) 162

CT (Command Mode Timeout) 162

CN (Exit Command Mode) 162

GT (Guard Times) 163

Firmware commands 163

VL (Version Long) 163

VR (Firmware Version) 163

HV (Hardware Version) 163

HS (Hardware Series) 164

DD (Device Type Identifier) 164

XBee 868LP RF Modules User Guide 10

NP (Maximum Packet Payload Bytes) 164

CK (Configuration CRC) 164

Operate in API mode

API mode overview 166

API frame format 166

Data bytes that need to be escaped: 167

Calculate and verify checksums 168

API frame exchanges 169

Code to support future API frames 170

Frame data 171

AT Command frame - 0x08 172

AT Command - Queue Parameter Value frame - 0x09 173

Transmit Request frame - 0x10 175

Explicit Addressing Command frame - 0x11 178

Remote AT Command Request frame - 0x17 181

AT Command Response frame - 0x88 183

Modem Status frame - 0x8A 185

Transmit Status frame - 0x8B 186

Route Information Packet frame - 0x8D 188

Aggregate Addressing Update frame - 0x8E 191

Receive Packet frame - 0x90 193

Explicit Rx Indicator frame - 0x91 195

Data Sample Rx Indicator frame - 0x92 197

Node Identification Indicator frame - 0x95 200

Remote Command Response frame - 0x97 203

Migrate from XBee through-hole to surface-mount devices

Pin mapping 206

Mounting 207

Manufacturing information

Recommended solder reflow cycle 210

Recommended footprint and keepout 210

Flux and cleaning 212

Reworking 212

Regulatory information

Europe 215

Maximum power and frequency specifications 215

OEM labeling requirements 216

Declarations of conformity 217

Antennas 217

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