Digi XBee SX 868 Manuale utente

XBee® SX 868

Radio Frequency (RF) Module

User Guide

Revision history—90001538

Revision Date Description

A June 2017 Initial release.

B September

2017

Updated power consumption values. Added the LB (LNA Bypass)

command.

Trademarks and copyright

Digi, Digi International, and the Digi logo are trademarks or registered trademarks in the United

States and other countries worldwide. All other trademarks mentioned in this document are the

property of their respective owners.

Disclaimers

Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a

commitment on the part of Digi International. Digi provides this document “as is,” without warranty of

any kind, expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of fitness or

merchantability for a particular purpose. Digi may make improvements and/or changes in this manual

or in the product(s) and/or the program(s) described in this manual at any time.

Warranty

To view product warranty information, go to the following website:

www.digi.com/howtobuy/terms

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XBee® SX 868 RF Module User Guide 2

Contents

XBee® SX 868 RF Module User Guide

Applicable firmware and hardware 11

Technical specifications

Regulatory conformity summary 13

Power requirements 14

Networking and security specifications 15

Performance specifications 15

General specifications 16

GPIO specifications 17

LBT and AFA specifications 17

Get started

Verify kit contents 19

Connect the hardware 20

Configure the device using XCTU 21

Configure the devices for a range test 21

Configure remote devices 21

Perform a range test 23

Hardware

Mechanical drawings 26

Pin signals 27

Pin connection recommendations 29

Operation

Operation 31

Listen Before Talk and Automatic Frequency Agility 31

Single frequency mode band mode 32

Serial communications 32

UART data flow 32

SPI communications 33

SPI operation 34

Configuration considerations 36

Serial port selection 36

XBee® SX 868 RF Module User Guide 3

XBee® SX 868 RF Module User Guide 4

Data format 36

SPI parameters 36

Serial buffers 37

Serial receive buffer 37

Serial transmit buffer 37

UART flow control 37

CTS flow control 37

RTS flow control 37

Serial interface protocols 38

Transparent operating mode 38

API operating mode 38

Advanced application features

Remote configuration commands 40

Send a remote command 40

Apply changes on remote devices 40

Remote command responses 40

Network commissioning and diagnostics 40

Configure devices 40

Network link establishment and maintenance 41

Place devices 42

Device discovery 43

Link reliability 44

Commissioning pushbutton and associate LED 47

I/O line monitoring 50

I/O samples 50

Pin configurations 50

Periodic I/O sampling 53

Detect digital I/O changes 53

I/O line passing 54

Configuration example 54

General Purpose Flash Memory 55

Access General Purpose Flash Memory 55

General Purpose Flash Memory commands 56

Work with flash memory 62

Over-the-air firmware updates 62

Distribute the new application 63

Verify the new application 64

Install the application 64

Networking methods

Directed Broadcast/Repeater mode 66

Point to Point/Multipoint mode 66

Permanent (dedicated) 66

Switched 66

DigiMesh networking 66

DigiMesh feature set 67

Networking concepts 68

Device Configuration 68

Network ID 68

Data transmission and routing 68

Unicast addressing 68

XBee® SX 868 RF Module User Guide 5

Broadcast addressing 68

Routing 69

Route discovery 69

DigiMesh throughput 69

Transmission timeouts 70

Modes

Transmit mode 73

Receive mode 73

Command mode 73

Enter Command mode 73

Send AT commands 73

Apply command changes 74

Exit Command mode 74

Sleep mode 74

Force UART operation 75

Condition 75

Solution 75

Sleep modes

About sleep modes 77

Asynchronous modes 77

Synchronous modes 77

Normal mode 77

Asynchronous pin sleep mode 77

Asynchronous cyclic sleep mode 78

Asynchronous cyclic sleep with pin wake up mode 78

Synchronous sleep support mode 78

Synchronous cyclic sleep mode 78

Wake timer 79

Indirect messaging and polling 79

Indirect messaging 79

Polling 80

Sleeping routers 80

Sleep coordinator sleep modes in the DigiMesh network 80

Synchronization messages 80

Become a sleep coordinator 83

Select sleep parameters 85

Start a sleeping synchronous network 85

Add a new node to an existing network 86

Change sleep parameters 87

Rejoin nodes that lose sync 87

Diagnostics 88

AT commands

Special commands 91

AC (Apply Changes) 91

FR (Software Reset) 91

RE command 91

WR command 91

XBee® SX 868 RF Module User Guide 6

MAC/PHY commands 92

CM (Channel Mask) 92

HP (Preamble ID) 92

ID (Network ID) 92

MT(Broadcast Multi-Transmits) 93

BR (RF Data Rate) 93

PL (TX Power Level) 93

RR (Unicast Mac Retries) 94

ED (Energy Detect) 94

LB (LNA Bypass) 94

Diagnostic commands 95

BC (Bytes Transmitted) 95

DB (Last Packet RSSI) 95

ER (Received Error Count) 95

GD (Good Packets Received) 96

EA (MAC ACK Timeouts) 96

TR (Transmission Errors) 96

UA (MAC Unicast Transmission Count) 96

%H (MAC Unicast One Hop Time) 97

%8 (MAC Broadcast One Hop Time) 97

Network commands 97

CE (Node Messaging Options) 97

BH command 98

NH (Network Hops) 98

NN (Network Delay Slots) 98

MR (Mesh Unicast Retries) 98

Addressing commands 99

SH command 99

SL command 99

DH command 99

DL command 99

TO (Transmit Options) 100

NI command 101

NT (Node Discover Timeout) 101

NO (Node Discovery Options) 101

CI (Cluster ID) 102

DE command 102

SE command 102

Addressing discovery/configuration commands 102

AG (Aggregator Support) 102

DN (Discover Node) 103

ND (Network Discover) 103

FN (Find Neighbors) 104

Diagnostic - addressing commands 104

N? (Network Discovery Timeout) 104

Security commands 105

EE (Security Enable) 105

KY (AES Encryption Key) 105

Serial interfacing commands 105

BD (Interface Data Rate) 105

NB (Parity) 107

SB command 107

RO commandt) 107

FT (Flow Control Threshold) 108

API Mode 108

XBee® SX 868 RF Module User Guide 7

AO command 108

I/O settings commands 109

CB command 109

D0 (DIO0/AD0) 109

D1 (DIO1/AD1) 109

D2 (DIO2/AD2) 110

D3 (DIO3/AD3) 110

D4 (DIO4) 111

D5 (DIO5/ASSOCIATED_INDICATOR) 111

D6 (DIO6/RTS) 112

D7 (DIO7/CTS) 112

D8 (DIO8/DTR/SLEEP_REQUEST) 113

D9 (DIO9/ON_SLEEP) 113

P0 (DIO10/RSSI/PWM0 Configuration) 113

P1 (DIO11/PWM1 Configuration) 114

P2 (DIO12 Configuration) 114

P3 (DOUT) 115

P4 (DIN/CONFIG) 115

P5 (DIO15/SPI_MISO Configuration) 115

P6 (SPI_MOSI Configuration) 116

P7 (DIO17/SPI_SSEL ) 116

P8 (DIO18/SPI_SCLK) 117

P9 (DIO19/SPI_ATTN) 117

PD (Pull Up/Down Direction) 118

PR (Pull-up/Down Resistor Enable) 118

M0 (PWM0 Duty Cycle) 118

M1 (PWM1 Duty Cycle) 119

LT command 119

RP command 119

I/O sampling commands 119

AV (Analog Voltage Reference) 119

IC (DIO Change Detection) 120

IF (Sleep Sample Rate) 121

IR (I/O Sample Rate) 121

TP (Temperature) 121

IS command 121

%V (Voltage Supply Monitoring) 122

I/O line passing commands 122

IU (I/O Output Enable) 122

IA (I/O Input Address) 122

T0 (D0 Timeout) 123

T1 (D1 Output Timeout) 123

T2 (D2 Output Timeout) 123

T3 (D3 Output Timeout) 123

T4 (D4 Output Timeout) 123

T5 (D5 Output Timeout) 124

T6 (D6 Output Timeout) 124

T7 (D7 Output Timeout) 124

T8 (D8 Timeout) 124

T9 (D9 Timeout) 125

Q0 (P0 Timeout) 125

Q1 (P1 Timeout) 125

Q2 (P2 Timeout) 125

Q3 (P3 Timeout) 125

Q4 (P4 Timeout) 126

XBee® SX 868 RF Module User Guide 8

PT (PWM Output Timeout) 126

Sleep commands 126

SM command 126

SO command 127

SN command 127

SP (Sleep Period) 128

ST (Wake Time) 128

WH (Wake Host) 128

Diagnostic - sleep status/timing commands 129

SS (Sleep Status) 129

OS (Operating Sleep Time) 129

OW (Operating Wake Time) 129

MS (Missed Sync Messages) 130

SQ (Missed Sleep Sync Count) 130

Command mode options 130

CC (Command Sequence Character) 130

CT command 130

CN command 131

GT command 131

Firmware commands 131

VL command 131

VR command 131

HV command 132

HS (Hardware Series) 132

DD command 132

NP (Maximum Packet Payload Bytes) 132

CK (Configuration CRC) 132

Operate in API mode

API mode overview 135

Use the AP command to set the operation mode 135

API frame format 135

API operation (AP parameter = 1) 135

API operation with escaped characters (AP parameter = 2) 136

API serial exchanges 138

AT command frames 138

Transmit and receive RF data 139

Remote AT commands 139

Frame descriptions 140

AT Command Frame - 0x08 140

AT Command - Queue Parameter Value frame - 0x09 142

Transmit Request frame - 0x10 143

Explicit Addressing Command frame - 0x11 146

Remote AT Command Request frame - 0x17 149

AT Command Response frame - 0x88 151

Modem Status frame - 0x8A 153

Transmit Status frame - 0x8B 154

Route Information Packet frame - 0x8D 156

Aggregate Addressing Update frame - 0x8E 159

Receive Packet frame - 0x90 161

Explicit Rx Indicator frame - 0x91 163

Data Sample Rx Indicator frame - 0x92 165

Node Identification Indicator frame - 0x95 167

Remote Command Response frame - 0x97 170

XBee® SX 868 RF Module User Guide 9

Regulatory information

Europe (CE) 173

OEM labeling requirements 173

Declarations of conformity 174

Antennas 174

PCB design and manufacturing

Recommended footprint and keepout 176

Design notes 178

Host board design 178

Improve antenna performance 179

RF pad version 179

Recommended solder reflow cycle 180

Flux and cleaning 181

Rework 181

XBee® SX 868 RF Module User Guide

The XBee SX 868 RF Module is an embedded radio frequency (RF) device that provides wireless

connectivity to end-point devices in mesh networks.

The XBee SX 868 RF Module delivers up to 32 mW of Effective Isotropically Radiated Power (EIRP) and

has excellent receive sensitivity, low operating current, and exceptional performance in low power

modes. The module’s frequency hopping technology offers advanced interference immunity, affording

long range data throughput even in challenging RF environments. The XBee SX 868 RF Module uses a

microprocessor that supports host communication through Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) or

universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART), as well as digital, analog, and pulse width

modulation (PWM) lines for interfacing with peripherals.

Applicable firmware and hardware 11

XBee® SX 868 RF Module User Guide 10

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