Fluke Biomedical RAYSAFE 452 Manuale utente

Users Manual

Radiation Survey Meter

RAYSAFE 452

RaySafe 452

PN 5000195-1.00

June 2019,

All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.

ID label

USERS MANUAL EN ...................................................................

BENUTZERHANDBUCH DE.......................................................

MANUAL DE USUARIO ES........................................................

MANUEL UTILISATEUR FR........................................................

MANUALE D’USO IT .................................................................

取扱説明書 JA....................................................................

MANUAL DO USUÁRIO PT_BR...............................................

用户手册 ZH........................................................................

RaySafe 452 – Users Manual (EN)

ABOUT RAYSAFE  ..................................................................

GETTING STARTED.......................................................................

ACTIONS AND SETTINGS.............................................................

Screen overview............................................................................... 

Store measurements........................................................................ 

Access stored measurements.......................................................... 

Lids and quantities ........................................................................... 

Buttons and menus .......................................................................... 

MEASURE WITH LID .....................................................................

Measurement parameters................................................................ 

Intermittent radiation sources........................................................ 

MEASURE WITHOUT LID............................................................

Measurement parameters.............................................................. 

Activity calculation.......................................................................... 

RAYSAFE VIEW...........................................................................

MAINTENANCE...........................................................................

Charge the battery ......................................................................... 

Cleaning.......................................................................................... 

Storage ........................................................................................... 

Service ............................................................................................ 

ERRORS AND SYMBOLS ............................................................

Instrument errors............................................................................ 

Other display symbols.................................................................... 

Symbols on labels .......................................................................... 

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS....................................................

General ........................................................................................... 

Radiology........................................................................................ 

Sensor position............................................................................... 

Angular response – H*()............................................................. 

Angular response – Kair ................................................................. 

Typical energy response ................................................................ 

SOFTWARE LICENSES................................................................

WARRANTY.................................................................................

SERVICE AND SUPPORT CONTACTS .........................................

Users Manual (EN)

RaySafe 452 – Users Manual (EN)

ABOUT RAYSAFE 452

The RaySafe 452 is a hand-held device designed for monitoring

and measuring radiation levels indoors and temporarily outdoors, in

nuclear, industrial and medical applications.

Manufacturer

Date of manufacture

Catalogue number

Serial number

Consult the instructions for

Caution

CCC Mark

LOT Mark / Batch

WARNING

The RaySafe 452 does not replace any radiation

protection equipment.

Manufacturer

Date of manufacture

Catalogue number

Serial number

Consult the instructions for

Caution

CCC Mark

LOT Mark / Batch

WARNING

The RaySafe 452 is not a replacement for personal

or legal dosimeters.

Manufacturer

Date of manufacture

Catalogue number

Serial number

Consult the instructions for

Caution

CCC Mark

LOT Mark / Batch

WARNING

The RaySafe 452 is not approved for use in

environments with explosive atmosphere.

Manufacturer

Date of manufacture

Catalogue number

Serial number

Consult the instructions for

Caution

CCC Mark

LOT Mark / Batch

WARNING

Use RaySafe 452 only as speciﬁed or the protection

provided in the design may be compromised.

Manufacturer

Date of manufacture

Catalogue number

Serial number

Consult the instructions for

Caution

CCC Mark

LOT Mark / Batch

WARNING

Take special care when measuring on intermittent

radiation sources, such as pulsed X-rays or linear

particle accelerators (linacs). See "Intermittent

radiation sources" on page 10.

The RaySafe 452 (the instrument) is used with dierent lids, or without

lid, to quantify dose, dose rate, mean photon energy, counts and

count rate.

The instrument consists of two automatically handled sensor systems:

1. A Geiger-Müller pancake, used at low dose rates and, without lid,

as an α / β / γ (alpha, beta, gamma) counter.

2. A cluster of solid-state sensors, used at medium to high dose

rates.

Figure 1. Instrument overview.

Display.

Lid.

USB connector for charger

and computer.

Buttons (center, left, right, up, down).

Tripod screw mount.

Solid-state sensors behind carbon ﬁber cover.

Geiger-Müller pancake

behind steel grid.

NOTE

The entrance window of the Geiger-Müller pancake (

Figure 1 on page 4), is very fragile and should never

be touched. The Geiger-Müller pancake is also sensitive to

mechanical shock.

RaySafe 452 – Users Manual (EN)

GETTING STARTED

Power on the instrument with a long press (approximately 3 seconds)

on the center button (⏻).

3 s

Figure 2. Power on.

The instrument starts to measure after about 5 seconds.

Position the instrument with the sensors towards the radiation source.

The instrument will switch between its dierent sensor systems and

adapt its averaging times automatically.

Measurement quantities change with the lid. See "Lids and quantities"

on page 7.

Figure 3. Position with the sensor area facing the radiation source.

Power o with a long press on the center button. The instrument

automatically stores a log of rate values with 1 second resolution.

RaySafe 452 – Users Manual (EN)

ACTIONS AND SETTINGS

Screen overview

µGy/h

µGy

keV

µGy/h^

507

503

0.82

µSv/h

nSv

keV

µSv/h^

282

65.4

30.4

Figure 4. Screen overview.

A. Status symbols: measurement sound, battery and display

backlight.

B. Current dose rate or count rate. The displayed quantity and unit

change with lid and settings. See Table 1 on page 7 for more

information.

C. Rate bar. The rate bar shows the current rate, without averaging,

updated 4 times per second. The scale is logarithmic and covers

the speciﬁed rate range.

D. Varying content: current measurement parameters, settings,

stored measurement, error screen or conﬁrmation screen,

depending on user interaction and environmental conditions.

Store measurements

Manually store a measurement with a short press on the center

button.

Storing a measurement saves and resets all displayed readings.

A measurement will also be stored automatically:

• When mounting or unmounting a lid.

• When the instrument powers o.

• When an error state interrupts the ongoing measurement.

• After 24 hours of continuous measurement.

Access stored measurements

All stored measurements can be accessed using a computer

running RaySafe View. See "RaySafe View" on page 12. Recent

measurements have a rate log with 1 second resolution, displayed in

RaySafe View as a waveform.

Measurements stored since last power-on can be accessed in

the instrument display. Press the down arrow to view the stored

measurements. See Figure 5 on page 6. Step between

measurements using the left and right arrow buttons.

2/3

µSv/h

0.15

µSv

keV

mSv/h^

---

1.42

10.3

µSv/h0.11

3/3

µSv/h

0.13

nSv

keV

µSv/h^

72.4

260

µSv/h30.4

1/3

µSv/h

0.11

µSv

keV

µSv/h^

145

1.73

µSv/h120

Figure 5. Access stored measurements.

After 10 days of logging, or 4000 stored measurements, the oldest

entries will be cyclically overwritten.

RaySafe 452 – Users Manual (EN)

Lids and quantities

Depending on model, the instrument is equipped with dierent sets of

lids with dierent ﬁlter compositions.

The lids have bayonet mounts. Align the line on the lid with the line on

the instrument, bring together and turn to fasten the lid.

Figure 6. Mount a lid.

LID NAME DOSE QUANTITY UNITS

Ambient Ambient dose equivalent, H*() Sv, rem

Air kerma

Air kerma, Kair Gy

Absorbed dose to air, Dair rad

Exposure, XR

Without lid Counts (α, β, γ) cps, cpm

Table 1. Lids and measured quantities.

Change the measurement unit in the settings menu. See "Buttons and

menus" on page 7.

The instrument is calibrated with its associated lid(s), and shall only be

used with the lid(s) provided with the instrument. Calibration date and

serial number are printed on the lid label.

NOTE

Before exposing the instrument to water or dust, make sure

that the rubber sealing is intact and clean, that the lid is

properly mounted, and that nothing is connected to the USB

connector.

Buttons and menus

Figure 7. Center button.

A long press on the center button powers on or o the instrument.

When the instrument shows the measurement screen, a short press on

the center button stores a measurement. At all other screens, a short

press on the center button returns the measurement screen.

Figure 8. Arrow buttons.

The measurement screen is the default screen after power on. Press

up from the measurement screen to access settings.

Press left or right as indicated on the screen to step between

selectable settings. The setting is changed immediately. Press the

center button to return to the measurement screen.

Press down from the measurement screen to access stored

measurements. The stored measurements are sorted in chronological

order, from right to left.

RaySafe 452 – Users Manual (EN)

There are two shortcuts:

• A long press on the left arrow button toggles the measurement

sound (on/o).

• A long press on the right arrow button toggles the display

backlight (on/o).

Menu structure

About

Information screen with ﬁrmware version (FW), serial

number (S/N), checksum for adjustment data (CRC),

and adjustment date (Adj.).

Alarm level

Select a rate alarm level: O, Test, or a level from a

selection spread over the range of the current rate

quantity.

Unit Change measurement unit. Dependent on lid status.

See "Lids and quantities" on page 7.

Measurement

sound

Turn on or o the measurement sound. Each pop

sound corresponds to a discharge of the Geiger-

Müller pancake, to a maximum frequency of 500

pops per second.

Backlight Turn on or o the display backlight.

Measurement

screen

Current measurement parameters, default screen

after power on.

Stored

measurements

Access measurements stored since the instrument

was last powered on. See "Access stored

measurements" on page 6.

RaySafe 452 – Users Manual (EN)

MEASURE WITH LID

Select which lid to use (Ambient or Air kerma).

1. Mount the lid.

2. Position the instrument with the sensors (the ﬂat area of the lid)

facing the radiation source.

The instrument handles its two sensor systems seamlessly, for both

continuous sources of radiation, and for intermittent sources. See

"Intermittent radiation sources" on page 10.

The instrument has no zero adjust functionality, and measurements

include background radiation.

Measurement parameters

Dose and dose rate

Dose is all dose accumulated during the current measurement.

Dose rate uses an algorithm that detects radiation changes with a

response time of a few seconds or less, but may in some cases need

more time to stabilize, according to Table 2 on page 9.

DOSE RATE

(µGy/h, µSv/h)

DOSE RATE

(mrad/h, mR/h, mrem/h)

TIME TO MAX

STABILITY

≤ . ≤ .  s

. .  s

 .  s

 .  s

   s

   s

   s

≥  ≥   s

Table 2. Dose rate stabilization times.

NOTE

Dose rate readings may need additional time to stabilize on

a lower value after high radiation levels, due to afterglow of

scintillators in the solid-state sensors.

NOTE

The instrument is not sensitive to neutrons. This has been

tested using thermal neutrons from a moderated 241Am-Be

source. The response was found to be less than 5 % of the

neutron ambient dose equivalent.

Peak dose rate

Peak dose rate is the highest displayed dose rate reading since last

reset. See deﬁnition of dose rate.

NOTE

The instrument detects muons, created when interstellar high

energy particles from the Milky Way crashes into the Earth’s

atmosphere. The muons interact with the solid-state sensors

(when measuring with lid) and create short (1–2 s) dose rate

pulses of approximately 100 times background. At sea level,

RaySafe 452 – Users Manual (EN)

the instrument typically detects a few muons per day, but

at higher altitudes, for example when travelling by air, the

number increases to hundreds per day.

Mean photon energy

Mean photon energy uses a moving average of up to 10 seconds.

The averaging time is shortened whenever a change in dose rate is

detected.

Intermittent radiation sources

Dose is accurate for short pulse lengths due to the fast dead time

corrections and sensor algorithms. See Figure 9 on page 10.

Pulse length (ms)

Pulse repetition frequency (Hz)

0.1

100

1000

0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100

Figure 9. Performance on intermittent radiation, for temperatures up to30°C

(86°F).

Green area

: Response within ±20 % of the response at continuous

radiation.

Dose rate is averaged over 1 second or longer, and updated once per

second. Therefore, the instrument needs a radiation pulse of at least

2 seconds to reliably measure the rate of the pulse. It is possible to

manually calculate the rate of a shorter pulse using the measured

dose and a known pulse length.

When measuring on continuously repeating pulses, for example from

pulsed ﬂuoroscopy or linacs, the instrument measures average dose

rate. If the duty cycle is known, it can be used as a correction for

calculating the radiation rate in the pulses.

NOTE

At temperatures above 30 °C (86 °F) the instrument’s ability to

handle radiation from intermittent sources gradually declines

with increasing temperature.

MEASURE WITHOUT LID

When measuring without lid, for example on a potentially

contaminated surface:

1. Unmount the lid. When measuring without lid, the active sensor is

the Geiger-Müller pancake, Gin Figure 1 on page 4.

2. Turn on the measurement sound.

Tip: Long press on the left arrow button toggles the measurement

sound on or o.

3. Hold the instrument close to, but not in contact with, the surface.

4. Scan the surface slowly, approximately 1cm/s (½ inch per

second).

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