IBM 1710 Manuale utente

Systems Reference Library

IBM

1710 Control

System

This

manual

contains

the

basic

programming

and

operating

information

required

to control industrial processes

with

the

IBM 1710 Control System. Information concerning

industrial processing

and

instrumentation is

presented

in

the

technical

language

used

in

these fields.

File No. 1710-01

Fonn

A26-5709-0

This

manual

makes

the

following

publications

obsolete:

IBM

1710

Control

System

Reference

Manual

(A26-5601-0)

IBM

Technical

Newsletter

N26-0021

IBM

Technical

Newsletter

N26-0036

(

IBM

1710

Additional

Special Features

and

Attached

Units

(A26-5660-1)

IBM

Technical

Newsletter

N26-0041

Copies

ofthis

and

other

IBM

publications

can

be

obtained

through

mM

Branch

Offices.

Comments

concerning

the

contents

of

this

publication

may

be

addressed

to:

mM,

Product

Publications

Department,

San

Jose,

California

Page

IBM

1710

Control System. .. . .. .. . .. .. .. .. . .. . . .. . ..

..

.~

Applications

...........................................

5

1710

Control System

Units..............

. . .. .. . .. . . ... 7

1710

Publications

and

Programming

Systems.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

1711

Data

Converter......

....

.............

....

...

8

1712

Multiplexer

and

Terminal

Unit

(MTV)

,

Model

I

.....

10

1711

Data

Converter Features.

.......................

12

Ana1og-to-Digital

Converter

(ADC)

.......................

12

Real-Time

Clock

(RTC)

.................................

13

Terminal

Address

Selector

(TAS)

........................

14

1711

Operator's

Panel

..................................

14

1710

Special Features

and

Additional

Units.

........

15

Standard

Terminal

Block

.................................

15

Interrupt/Process

Branch

Indicator

Terminals.

. . . . . . . . . . .

..

15

Contact

Sense

Terminal

Block.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..

16

Thermocouple

Terminal

Block

............................

16

Measuring

Thermocouple

Temperatures

with

the

1710

....

16

High-Speed

Contact

Sense

.................................

18

Contact

Operate

.........................................

18

Analog

Output.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..

19

Controlling

Instrumentation

............................

20

Closed-Loop

Computer

Control.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..

21

Analog

Output

Programming

...........................

23

Analog

Output

Fail-Safe

Features

........................

24

Interrupt

................................................

25

Interrupt

Modes

of

Operation

...........................

25

External

and

Internal

Interrupts

........................

26

Random

Addressing

of

TAS

.......•.••..........•.

. . . . . . .

..

28

Process

Branch

Indicators

.................................

29

Manual

Entry

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..

29

1710 Process

Operator

Units

...............................

29

General

Description

..........

<

•••••••••••••••••••••••••

30

IBM

1713

Manual

Entry

Unit

" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..

31

IBM

1714 Sense

Switch

Unit

.............................

32

IBM

1715

Digital

Display

Unit

...........................

33

IBM

1717

Output

Printer.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..

34

Serial

Input/Output

Channel

...........................

36

Programming

Process

Operator

Units

....................

40

Contents

Page

1710

Instructions .

.....................................

44

Selecting

Input

Signals

and

Contacts

.....................

44

Operating

Contact

Points

and

Set-Point

Positioners

........

48

Interrupt

Routine

Instructions

..........................

48

Reading

the

Contents

of

TAS

and

RTC

into

Core

Storage

.....

49

Input/Output

Operations

with

the

1710 Process

Operator

Units

....................................

50

Branch

Instructions

....................................

50

1711

Operator's

Panel

...............................

54

System

Data

Flow.

. . .. .. .. . .. .. . ... . .. .. ... . .. .. . .. .

..

57

Appendix

A

...........................................

59

Instruction

Summary

...................................

59

Appendix

B

...........................................

62

Summary

of

1710

Features

and

Units

.....................

62

Appendix

C

...........................................

63

Significance

of

P

and

Q Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..

63

Appendix

0

...........................................

66

IODR

Character

Code

Chart

............................

66

Appendix

E

.................................

...........

67

Abbreviations

and

Acronyms

............................

67

Table

Areas

in

Core

Storage

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..

67

Bit

Configuration

of

Decimal

Digits

.....................

67

1620

Storage

Register

Functions

.........................

67

Appendix

F.................................

. .. . .. .. .

..

68

Multiply

and

Add

Tables

...............................

68

Appendix

G...........................................

69

Character

Code

Chart

..................................

69

Index

..................................................

70

Preface

Publications

for

the

1710

Control

System

have

been

adapted

to

the

new

IBM

Systems

Reference

Library

format.

This

publication

contains

the

most

current

mac

hine

reference

information

for

the

1710, a

nd

rep-

resents a

major

revision

of

information

co

ntained

in

the

public

a

tion

IBM

1710 R efej

'e

nc

e

Manual

(Form

A26-5601) .

Machine

reference

information

for

the

1710

Control

1713

Fl

·······

....

·

-.

.....

.

. .

1714

, _

~:'.

1715

System

is

contained

in

the

following

publications

:

IBM

1620 Cen

tml

Pmcessing

Unit

(

Mod

e

ll)

A26-5706

IBM

1620

Input

/

Output

A26-5707

IBM

1620 Special F

ea

tur

es

A26-5708

IBM

1710

Contml

System

(This

publication

) A26-5709

IBM

1311 Disk Storage Dri

ve

A26-5650

The

IBM

1710 Reference

Manual

(Form

A26-5601)

is

made

obso

l

ete

by

the

publi

c

ations

listed a

bov

e.

1711

~

--

~

1717

111M

1710

Conlrol

SySlcm

The

IBM

1710

Control

System

is

specially

designed

for

controlling

processes

in

such

industries

as

petroleum

refining,

chemical

processing,

electric

utility,

natural

gas transmission,

and

steel

production.

It

is

an

on-line

control

system

that

meets

the

requirements

demanded

by

industrial

processing

management

by offering versa-

tility

of

operation,

reliability,

and

ease of

expansion

through

modular

construction

of

the

System.

Reliability

is achieved

through

the

use

of

solid-state

circuitry

and

a high-speed, self-checking,

digital

com-

puter

-

the

IBM

1620.

Flexibility

is

achieved

with

the

availability

of

announced

special features

and

addi-

tional

units,

which

offer

any

degree

of

control

from

data

logging

and

analysis to

complete

closed-loop con-

trol.

The

customer

may

start

with

the

minimum

1710

System

required

to

satisfy

initial

control

and

analysis

needs,

and

selectively

add

or

substitute

features

and

units

as

control

requirements

change.

Each

control

op-

eration

can

be

financially

proven

before

a

move

toward

more

complex

control

is

made.

The

initial

investment

is

protected

because

changes

in

control

requirements

do

not

necessitate

removal

of

the

installed

1710 System.

Applications

The

IBM

1710

is

capable

of

accepting

electrical

signals,

both

analog

and

binary,

from

such

devices as

thermo-

couples,

pressure

and

temperature

transducers,

flow

meters,

analytical

instruments,

and

contacts.

It

provides

electrical

on/off

and

analog

control

signals for

the

cus-

tomer's

controlling

devices.

Typical

applications

exist

in

the

area

of

industrial

processing

and

manufacturing

quality

control.

Industrial Processing

Industrial

processing

applications

are

as

wide

and

varied

as

are

the

degrees

of

control

that

individual

processes

may

require.

All

control

is

based

on

the

col-

lection

of

process

data,

and

the

more

complex

the

control,

the

greater

the

need

for

rapid

collection

of

data.

Some

of

the

degrees

of

control

that

a 1710

Control

System

may

exercise follow

in

order

of

complexity:

Data Logging

and

Conversion. Process

data

is

sent

to

the

1710 System,

converted

into

digital

information,

and

logged

for

process

operator

and

management

re-

view.

IBM 1710 Control

System

Data Collection

and

Analysis. Process

data

is

col-

lected

by

the

computer

for

mathematical

analysis.

Cur-

rent

performance

figures

are

compared

with

those

obtained

in

the

past,

and

the

results

are

printed

for

process

operator

and

management

evaluation.

Data Evaluation

and

Operator Guidance. Process

data

is collected, analyzed,

and

evaluated

with

respect

to

previously

stored

guidance

charts.

Control

instruc-

tions

are

then

typed

out

for

the

process

and

control

room

operator,

and

messages

and

log

sheets

are

pro-

vided

for

management

review.

Process Study.

The

computer

rapidly

collects

the

process

data

that

is

necessary for

the

development

of

a

model

of

the

process.

The

model

is

developed

by

using

a

combination

of

empirical

techniques

and

observing

past

methods

of

running

the

process.

When

a

more

complete

and

more

precise

description

of

the

process

is

required,

a

model

is

constructed

by

using

such

mathe-

matical

techniques

as

correlation

analysis

and

regres-

sion

analysis.

The

process

control

program

is

then

tested

on

the

mathematical

model

prior

to

its use

on

the

process.

Extensive

operator

guide

information

is

obtained.

In

addition,

the

model

represents

consider-

able

progress

toward

closed-loop

control.

Process

Optimization.

An

extensive

computer

con-

trol

program,

based

on

the

model

of

the

process,

directs

the

1710 System. Process

data

is

continuously

collected

and

analyzed

for

computation

of

optimum

operating

instructions.

These

instructions

are

given

to

the

process

operator

via

the

computer

console

typewriter.

Closed-Loop Control. Closed-loop

control

is

the

ulti-

mate

in

industrial

process

control.

Process

conditions

obtainable

through

instrumentation

are

continuously

monitored

by

the

computer.

The

instrument

readings

are

analyzed

rapidly

and

simultaneously,

and

the

com-

putations

initiate

controlling

signals,

which

are

sent

to

the

devices

that

control

the

process.

In

addition,

input

and

output

units

located

in

the

process

area

enable

the

computer

to

send

messages

directly

to

the

process

operator.

These

messages

guide

the

operator

in

adjusting

the

status

of

instruments

lo-

cated

at

the

point

of

control.

Data

messages

based

upon

visual

observation

of

the

process

and

point-of-control

instrumentation

are

sent

back

to

the

computer

by

the

process

operator.

These

messages

are

evaluated

by

the

computer

to

provide

additional

process

control

directly

5

through

controlling

instrumentation

and

to

provide

continued

process

operator

guidance

.

Communication

between

the

co

ntrol

room

operator

and

the

pro

ce

ss

is

ma

int

a

ined

through

the

Centr

al

Processing

Unit

(cp

u).

The

console

typewriter

pro-

r 1

17

11

Data

Converter

17

12

Multiplexer

cnd

Terminal

Unit

vides l

og

sheets a

nd

messag

es

th

at

aid

man

ageme

nt

in

evaluating

pro

cess

performance.

The

speed

a

nd

reli-

ability

of

the

1710 System e

nabl

e

the

operat

ion

of

in

-

du

strial

pro

cesses at a hig

he

r level

of

performance

than

heretofore

realized.

1713 Manual

Ent

ry Unit

1714 Sense

Switch

Unit

1715

Digital

Di

sp

lay Unit

1717 Output Printer

1

620

Centr

al

Pr

ocess

ing

Un

it

Figure

I.

Data

Flow

- 1710

Control

System

6

The

IBM

1710

Control

System is co

mprised

of

the

IBM

1620

Central

Process

ing

Unit,

the

IBM

1711

Data

Con-

verter, a

nd

the

IBM

1712

Multiplexer

and

Terminal

U

nit

,

Modell.

In

a

dditi

on, all 1620

and

1710 special

features a

nd

additional

unit

s

are

ava

ilabl

e.

Appendix

B

is

a cha

rt

of

th

e

fe

a

tur

es

and

units

that

can

be

utiliz

ed

in

the

171O

Control

System. A system

configuration

showing

all special fe

at

ure

s a

nc!

ad

dition

al

unit

s a

nd

their

prerequisites

is co

nt

a

ined

in

the

publi

ca

tion

IBM

1710 System

Configumtion

(Fo

rm

G26-5693) " All

sys

-

tem

compo

n

ents

a

nd

special

features

are m

od

ularl

y

co

nstru

cted a

nd

use solid-state (

transistorized

) cir-

cuitr

y. SMS

(Standard

Modular

System) ca

rd

s (F

igur

e

2)

are

used

throughout

the

171O

System.

The

se

print

ed

circ

uit

cards

are

pluggable

.

Each

car

d co

nt

a

in

s a

ll

the

Figure

2.

IIlM

SMS

Card

1710

Control System Units

electronic

co

mponents

and

print

ed

wifing

for a

par

-

ticular

funct

i

on

or

fun

ctions.

The

use

of

SMS ca

ni

s

not

only

make

s

the

sys

tem

more

flexible

and

reliable

,

but,

in

a

ddition

, increases

it

s

reliability

a

nd

availability

be-

cause

of

redu

ced ma

int

enance

requirem

ents.

Abbrev

i

ations

and

acronoyms

used

in

this

publi

ca-

tion

that

a

re

pe

culiar to

the

1710

Contro

l System are

listed a

nd

defin

ed

in

Appendix

E.

J7J0 Publications

and

Programming

Systems

Systems Reference

Library

The

co

ntinuin

g

dem

a

nd

s

of

business a

nd

indu

s

tr

y have

ne

cessitated

the

design a

nd

manufa

c

ture

of an increas-

ing

number

a

nd

variety

of ve

rsatile

co

mputer

systems.

The

programmers

and

operators of

the

se

sys

tems

(I

re

challenged,

as

never

before

, to

learn

a

nd

implem

e

nt

effective

man-t

o-co

mputer

communications.

The

re

c-

ognition

of

this cha

lleng

e

and

the

desire

to effect the

high

est co

mmuni

cation level

between

all conce

rn

ed -

ma

nufa

c

turer,

system

eng

ineer, user, a

nd

co

mputer

-

has

re

s

ulted

in

the

es

tablishment

of

the

IBM

Systems

R

eference

Librar

y.

A Systems

Reference

Library

is

provided

for

each

computer

system. Each

referen

ce

libr

ary

includes

lit

era-

tur

e

app

li

ca

ble

to

the

install

a

tion

a

nd

operation

of

its

Figure

3.

IBM

17

11

Data

Converter

7

respective system.

The

Systems

Reference

Library

is

organized

in

three

main

categories:

1.

Systems

Information

-

Condensed:

introductory

and

summary

publications

for

machine

units

and

programming

systems

and

a

bibliography

of

all

library

literature

is

included

in

this category.

2.

Machine

Systems:

includes

a

detailed

publication

for

each

unit

and

feature

of

the

system

and

its

physical

installation

(cpu,

I/0,

Special Features,

Physical

Planning,

etc.) .

3.

Programming

Systems:

includes

general

and

de-

tailed

publications

for

each

programming

system

(SPS,

Utility

Programs,

Processors, etc.) .

1710

Bibliography (Form

A26-5695)

Reference

literature

applicable

to

the

installation

and

operation

of

the

IBM

1710

Control

System is

indexed

in

this

bibliography.

The

bibliography

is

published

in

three

parts:

In

Part

1,

the

publications

are

listed

under

major

subject

headings; this

listing

can

serve as a

table

of

contents

for

the

1710 Systems

Reference

Library.

Part

2 is a cross-index

of

publications

by

machine

type

number

to

help

the

user

find

publications

for

which

the

title

is

not

known.

Part

3

contains

the

abstracts of

all

publications

in

form

number

sequence.

The

abstract

of

a

publication

enables

the

user

to

determine

whether

the

publication

is

applicable

to

his needs.

All 1710

publications

listed

in

this

bibliography

can

be

obtained

by

form

number

from

the

local

IBM

Sales

Representative.

1710

Systems

Summary

This

publication

briefly describes system concepts,

sys-

tem

units,

and

special features.

Of

particular

impor-

tance

to

the

programmer

is

the

section

of

this

manual

that

describes

the

programs

and

programming

systems

for

the

1710

Control

System.

17JJ

Data

Converter

Figure

1

illustrated

the

relationship

between

an

indus-

trial

process

and

the

1710

Control

System.

The

1711

may

be

programmed

to

control

processes as follows

(the

numbers

correspond

to

the

circled

numbers

in

Figure

4) :

8

1.

Analog

Input

signals

are

sent

to

the

1710 System

via

the

1712

MTU.

The

1712

is

used

as

the

inter-

connecting

device

between

the

process

and

the

1710.

2.

The

Interrupt

feature

enables

the

control

system

to

give

prompt

attention

to

critical signals

caused

by

such

occurrences as

the

liquid

level

of

a

tank

approaching

an

overflow

condition.

The

interrupt

causes

the

computer

to

suspend

routine

operation,

to

notify

the

process

operator

of

the

condition,

and/or

to

initiate

corrective action.

With

the

in-

stallation

of

special features, corrective

action

can

turn

on

a

motor

in

the

process

area

which

will

close a valve

and

stop

liquid

flow

to

the

tank.

Interrupts

are

assigned

to

high-priority

condi-

tions

in

the

process

that

are

not

expected

to

occur

in

normal

processing,

or

if

they

are

expected

to

occur,

their

occurrence

cannot

be

scheduled.

With-

out

the

ability

to

interrupt

its

program

at any

time

7

the

computer

would

repeatedly

scan these

signals,

even

though

the

signals

occur

infrequently

or

not

at

all.

An

internal

interrupt,

Multiplex

Complete,

is

available

when

the

Input/Output

Interrupt

fea-

ture

is installed.

The

Multiplex

Complete

inter-

rupt

is

turned

on

by

completion

of

process

input/

output

functions

such

as

the

end

of

conversion

of

an

analog

input

signal.

The

Multiplex

Complete

interrupt

is

used

to

direct

the

computer

program

to

a

program

subroutine

that

will cause

appropri-

ate

program

action

such

as

reading

the

contents

of

the

ADC

register

into

core storage.

3.

Analog

Output

sends

computer-controlled

signal

pulses

to

the

customer's

controlling

devices

in

the

process area.

Contact

Operate

is

used

to

turn

on

or

off

the

customer's

process devices (motors,

alarms, etc.) .

4.

Up

to

20 Process

Branch

Indicators

are

available

for

program

interrogation

of

conditions

in

the

process area.

Each

Process

Branch

Indicator

re-

flects

the

on/off

condition

of

a

contact

in

the

process

area

-

if

the

contact

is closed, its associated

indicator

is

on.

When

the

contact

opens,

the

indi-

cator

is

turned

off.

Thus,

as

the

contacts

in

the

process

open

and

close,

their

respective

indicators

in

core

storage

are

turned

off

and

on.

Process

Branch

Indicators

can

be

assigned

to

signals

in

the

process

that

are

not

as

critical

as

those

requiring

the

Interrupt

feature, yet

must

be

frequently

interrogated

by

the

computer

program.

These

indicators

can

be

individually

scheduled

for

interrogation

by

the

program

at

timed

inter-

vals.

5. Process

Operator

Units

can

be

connected

to

the

1710

Control

System so

that

input

information

can

be

originated

by

the

process

operator,

or

out-

put

data

can

be

made

available

at

vital

points

throughout

the

process area.

These

units

can

be

connected

to

or

disconnected

from

the

system

without

disturbing

other

Process

Operator

Units

on

the

system,

and

without

affecting

the

operation

of

the

1620

CPU.

(

c

~

1620

Centr

ol

Processing

Unit

~

4---

- - - g

• I

,-

~

--

-\

Figure

.

. 4

Data

Flow

Diagram

of

1710

Control

System

Process

Oper

ator

1712

Multiplexer

and

Terminal

Unit

1711

Doto Converter

Control

Room

Operator

o

17

14

Sense

Swi

t

ch

Unit

1717

Output

Printer

9

6.

The

High

-S

peed

Contact

Sense

feature

e

nable

s the

1710 System

to

sense

the

on

/o

ff

condition

of

up

to

400 co

nt

acts

in

the

process.

Th

e co

nt

acts

are

sca

nned

a

nd

the

st

at

us

of

the

co

nt

acts is

placed

in

1620

core

s

tor

age

at

rates

of

up

to

10

0,000

points

per

second.

Thi

s

feature

is used to t

er

minate

th

e ma

jorit

y

of

on

/off s

ign

als

in

the

process

th

at

a

re

neith

er

cr

itical

nor

mu

st

be

interr

oga

ted

individuall

y.

These

signals may

occur

frequently

or

infr

e-

quentl

y,

but

the

y a

re

sca

nned

by

th

e co

mputer

as

a

routine

op

era

tion.

Unlike

Proce

ss

Branch

Indi

ca

tor

s

that

can

be

co

ntinu

a

ll

y

turn

ed on

and

off

inside

the co

mput

er

Figur

e 5. 1712

Multiplex

er

and

Termina

l

Unit,

Modell

10

by

the

ope

nin

g a

nd

closing

of

their

respect

ive con-

tact

poi

nt

s in

the

process, the st

at

us

of

contact

sense

points

are

recorded

in

the

computer's

core

st

orage

as

being

either

off

or

on

at

the

particular

po

int

in

time

at

which

they

ar

e sca

nned

.

A

particular

adva

nt

age

of

the

High-Speed

Co

n-

t

act

Sense

fe

at

ur

e is

th

at it can be used

with

any

in

-

dustri

al co

nt

acts

and

any

industrial

wiring.

J

7J

2

Multiplexer

and

Terminal Unit (MTUJ,

Model

J

The

1712-1

MTU

(Figure

5)

provides

interconne

ct

in

g

terminals

for

process

and

co

ntrol

system

connections

.

IBM 1710 Manuale utente

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