Megger DET3TA Manuale utente

DET Series

EARTH GROUND ELECTRODE TESTERS

USER GUIDE

CONTENTS

CONTENTS 2

INTRODUCTION 3

GSAFETY WARNINGS 4

GLIVE EARTH SAFETY PRECAUTIONS 5

GBATTERY INSTALLATION 5

GBATTERY CHARGING (DET4TCR2 and DET4TR2 ONLY) 5

GENERAL DESCRIPTION 6

PREPARATIONS FOR USE 9

GENERAL OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS 10

INSTRUMENT ILLUSTRATIONS 12

BATTERY 18

DESCRIPTION OF TESTS 23

PREVENTIVE INSTRUMENT MAINTENANCE 60

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION 61

REPAIR AND WARRANTY 64

Symbols used on the instrument are:

GCaution: refer to accompanying notes

tEquipment protected throughout by Double Insulation

cEquipment complies with current EU directives

Equipment complies with “C tick” requirements

Do not dispose of in normal waste stream

Note: The safety warnings provided in this document are indicative of safe practice and shall not be

considered exhaustive. Additionally, they are not intended to replace local safety procedures where the

instrument is being used.

Note: This user guide uses the terms ‘earth’ and ‘ground’ interchangeably.

INTRODUCTION

Thank you for purchasing the Megger Earth Ground Tester.

For your own safety and to get the maximum benefit from your instrument, please ensure that you read

and understand the following safety warnings and instructions before attempting to use the instruments.

This user manual describes the operation and functions of the DET series of Earth Ground Testers:

DET3TA

DET3TC

DET3TD

DET4TD2

DET4TR2

DET4TC2

DET4TCR2

ICLAMP

VCLAMP

CALIBRATION ADAPTOR

TWO-CLAMP CALIBRATION ADAPTOR

These instruments are designed and manufactured by:

Megger Limited

Archcliffe Road

Dover

Kent

CT17 9EN

England

Megger Limited reserves the right to change the specification of these instruments at any time without

prior notice.

GSAFETY WARNINGS

Safety Warnings and Precautions must be read and understood before the instrument is used.

They must be observed during use.

Do not leave the instrument connected to the system under test when not in use.

Do not touch circuit connections and exposed metalwork of an installation or equipment under test.

Do not touch the earth stakes, test leads and their terminations (including connections to the

earthing system under test) if an installation earth fault can arise unless adequate precautions are

taken.

Do not touch the earth stakes, test leads and their terminations (including connections to the

earthing system under test) while the instrument is switched on.

Do not operate the instrument or connect it to any external system if it shows any visible signs of

damage or if it has been stored for prolonged periods in unfavourable conditions.

Do not operate the instrument or connect it to any external system if the battery compartment or

casing is open or any parts of the case (including keypad, selector switch, display window, etc.) are

missing.

Special precautions are necessary when operating in situations where "live" earths may be

encountered: isolation switches and fuses (not supplied with this instrument) must be used.

Special precautions are necessary when working near high tension systems (MV and HV): rubber

gloves and shoes (not supplied with this instrument) should be worn.

Special precautions are necessary when working in wet conditions or in agricultural areas: observe

the local safety standards and take all necessary special precautions applicable to the particular

location and do not touch the test leads with bare hands.

Always disconnect the instrument from the earthing system under test while batteries are being

changed or the fuse replaced.

Always replace batteries and fuses with parts of the correct type and rating.

Do not replace the rechargeable cells in the DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2 with non-rechargeable “dry”

cells.

Do not use any other charging equipment other than that supplied by Megger for use with the

DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2.

Do not operate the charging equipment supplied with the DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2 in damp or wet

environments or outside.

NOTE: THE INSTRUMENT MUST ONLY BE USED BY SUITABLY TRAINED

AND COMPETENT PERSONS.

Users of this equipment and/or their employers are reminded that National Health and Safety Legislation

requires them to carry out valid risk assessments of all electrical work so as to identify potential sources of

electrical danger and risk of electrical injury such as inadvertent short circuits. Where the assessments

show that the risk is significant then the use of fused test leads may be appropriate.

GLIVE EARTH SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

A 'Live' earth is one that carries current from the mains supply, or could do so under fault conditions. The

following warnings apply in addition to those listed previously.

All persons involved must be trained and competent in isolation and safety procedures for the system

to be worked on. They must be clearly instructed not to touch the earth electrode, test stakes, test

leads, or their terminations if any 'Live' earths may be encountered. It is recommended that they wear

appropriate rubber gloves, rubber soled shoes, and stand on a rubber mat.

The earth electrode under test should be isolated from the circuit it is protecting before testing

commences. If this is not possible, ART may be used to measure electrode resistance.

The instrument terminals should be connected to the system under test through isolation switches

that are rated to handle the likely maximum fault voltages and currents that could be encountered at

the installation. The isolation switch must be open whilst any personal contact is made with the

remote test stakes, or the connecting leads, e.g. when changing their position.

The instrument terminals should be connected to the system under test through fuses that are rated

to handle the likely maximum fault voltages and currents that could be encountered at the

installation.

GBATTERY INSTALLATION

Warning: Whenever battery cells are being fitted or replaced, there should be no connections to the

instrument terminals and the instrument should be switched off.

Warning: To avoid damage by leaking electrolyte or deep discharge, do not leave cells fitted in an

instrument which will remain unused for extended periods of time.

Warning: Incorrect battery cell polarity can cause electrolyte leakage, resulting in damage to the

instrument. If the battery condition indicator does not show a full charge when battery cells are new, a cell

may be reversed.

DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2 ONLY Warning:Only use the cells recommended by Megger, part number

25985-031.

GBATTERY CHARGING (DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2 ONLY)

Warning: Whenever battery cells are being recharged, there should be no connections to the instrument

terminals and the instrument should be switched off.

Warning: Do not attempt to recharge non-rechargeable (dry) cells in the DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2.

Doing so will result in instrument damage and may cause personal injury.

Warning: Only use the charging equipment provided by Megger for use with this instrument.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The Megger DET family of test instruments offers a unique solution to the measurement of earth or

ground electrode (rod) resistance and soil resistivity. The family has seven variants supporting 2, 3 and 4-

wire measurements:

The DET3TA provides 2 and 3-wire measurements and offers an analogue display.

The DET3TC and DET3TD provide 2 and 3-wire measurements and offer a digital display.

The DET4TD2, DET4TR2, DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2 provide 2, 3 and 4-wire measurement and offer a

digital display.

The DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2 provide a rechargeable battery power source.

The DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2 offer variable frequency testing (94 Hz, 105 Hz, 111 Hz and 128 Hz) and

measurement to 200 kΩ).

The DET3TC, DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2 can use an optional current clamp (ICLAMP) to measure

conductor current and electrode (rod) resistance without disconnection, leaving the installation earthing

system intact (Attached Rod Technique, ART).

Additionally, the DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2 can drive an optional voltage-inducing clamp (VCLAMP) which,

in conjunction with the ICLAMP, can be used to make stakeless measurements of the earthing system.

The DET family have the following features:

Feature

DET3TA

DET3TD

DET3TC

DET4TD2

DET4TR2

DET4TC2

DET4TCR2

Automatic C

stake check

■

Automatic P

stake check

■

Manual P stake

check

■

Automatic noise

check

■

Manual noise

check

■

Noise rejection

(40 V pk-pk)

■

Variable

frequency test

■

2-wire test

■

3-wire test

■

4-wire test

■

2 kΩrange

■

20 kΩrange

■

200 kΩrange

■

No disconnect

testing (ART)

■

Stakeless

measurement

■

Voltmeter

(ground noise

voltage

measurement)

■

Current meter

■

LCD display

■

Backlit display

■

Moving coil

meter

■

IP54 rated

■

EN61010-1 100V

CAT IV

■

Built-in battery

charger

■

Each instrument kit comprises the following:

DET instrument

Test leads (for 3-wire instruments, lead lengths are: 3m, 10m and 15m; for 4-wire instruments: 3m,

10m, 10m and 15m)

Test stakes (for 3-wire instruments: 2 stakes are supplied; for 4-wire instruments, 4 stakes are

supplied)

Batteries – 8x AA (LR6) alkaline (except DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2)

Batteries – 8x AA (LR6) 1800 mA hr NiMH (DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2 only)

Warranty card

Calibration certificate (not DET3TA)

Owners CD-ROM manual

Tough polypropylene carrying-case

External AC/DC adaptor (DET4TR2 and DET4TCR2 only)

PREPARATIONS FOR USE

Batteries

The Megger DET series instruments are supplied with batteries fitted. When batteries become exhausted,

refer to the section on battery replacement or recharging.

Warning: Do not switch the instrument on with the battery cover removed.

Inspection

Before each use of the instrument, visually inspect the instrument case, test leads, stakes and connectors

to confirm that their condition is good, with no damaged or broken insulation.

GENERAL OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

Instrument output voltage selection

The maximum output voltage of the instrument is 50 V. It is possible to reduce this to 25 V for operation

in situations which require it. The most appropriate output voltage should be selected by the operator

based on local safety procedures.

The procedure for changing the output voltage is as follows:

DET3TA:

1. Press and hold the TEST button and switch instrument ON to the Vsetting using the selector

switch.

2. The needle will sweep across the scaleplate and return to the rest position. [On older DET3TC

and DET3TD instruments, the firmware version will be displayed followed by ‘tst’].

3. Release TEST button. The maximum output test voltage will be displayed, either ‘50 V’ or

‘25 V’.

4. To toggle between the maximum output test voltages, press the TEST button.

5. Switch off instrument when the desired maximum test voltage is displayed.

DET3TC, DET3TD, DET4TD2, DET4TR2, DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2:

1. Press the 25V/50V button after selecting the measurement mode; the display will indicate the

selected output voltage.

Note: For ART mode, the output voltage is automatically set to 25 V and cannot be changed.

Note: Some older versions of the DET3TC and DET3TD do not have the the 25V/50V button. The

procedure for changing the output voltage is as per the DET3TA.

Auto power down

To extend battery life, the instrument will automatically switch off six minutes after the last operation.

The instrument can be switched back on by turning the selector switch to the OFF position and then

selecting the desired mode of operation.

Display symbols (DET3TC, DET3TD, DET4TD2, DET4TR2, DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2)

Symbol

Meaning

Warning triangle. (Refer to user guide)

Fuse blown.

Battery indicator.

ART

Situation is suitable for making ART measurements [DET3TC, DET4TC2

and DET4TCR2 only].

ART

Situation is not suitable for making ART measurements [DET3TC,

DET4TC2 and DET4TCR2 only].

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