METER G3 Manuale utente

G3 DRAIN GAUGE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Introduction.............................................................................................. 1

2. Operation ...................................................................................................2

2.1 Installation ................................................................................................2

2.1.1 Depth of Installation........................................................................ 8

2.1.2 Additional Reference Sensors..........................................................9

2.2 Connecting................................................................................................. 9

2.2.1 Connect to METER Data Logger...................................................... 10

2.2.2 Connect to a Non-METER Data Logger........................................... 11

2.3 Communication ....................................................................................... 12

2.4 Taking Drainage Measurements............................................................... 13

2.5 Calculating Contaminant Concentration.................................................. 13

3. System....................................................................................................... 15

3.1 Specifications.......................................................................................... 15

3.2 Components ............................................................................................ 19

3.2.1 Drain Gauge ................................................................................... 20

3.2.2 Sensor............................................................................................ 21

3.3 Theory...................................................................................................... 21

3.3.1 Divergence and Convergence of Soil Water .................................... 22

3.3.2 Water Balance ............................................................................... 23

3.3.3 Water Depth................................................................................... 24

3.3.4 Temperature .................................................................................. 24

3.3.5 Electrical Conductivity .................................................................. 24

13677-03

11.2021

4. Service....................................................................................................... 26

4.1 Calibration ............................................................................................... 26

4.2 Cleaning................................................................................................... 26

4.2.1 Pressure Transducer ...................................................................... 26

4.2.2 Electrical Conductivity Sensor....................................................... 27

4.3 Troubleshooting ....................................................................................... 27

4.4 Customer Support.................................................................................... 28

4.5 Terms and Conditions .............................................................................. 29

Reference ........................................................................30

Index ................................................................................................................. 35

1. INTRODUCTION

Thank you for choosing the G3 Drain Gauge from METER Group. METER designed the G3 Drain

Gauge for long-term monitoring of soil water drainage to observe soil water movement

and chemical leaching accurately and affordably. The G3 Drain Gauge also has a collection

system that allows for rapid sampling of drainage waters.

Verify all G3 Drain Gauge components are included and appear in good condition:

• G3 Drain Gauge

• HYDROS 21 sensor with sampling hose ring

• Diatomaceous earth (DE)

• Two sections of 1-m-long, 2-in-wide PVC tubing and slip coupling

• 2-in-wide schedule 40 PVC U-connector

• End cap with hose clamp

• Piston pump

• 1-L sample bottle

• 5-m sampling tube

OPERATION

2. OPERATION

Please read all instructions before operating the G3 to ensure it performs to its full potential.

PRECAUTIONS

METER instruments are built to the highest standards, but misuse or neglect may damage

the device and possibly void the manufacturer’s warranty. Before using the G3, follow the

recommended user instructions and arrange proper protections to safeguard the instrument

from damage.

2.1 INSTALLATION

METER recommends referring to the Installing G3 Drain Gauge video (metergroup.wistia.

com/medias/xwi9j6zbjh) prior to installation. The G3 installation is complex and requires

two or three people. The goal is to install the G3 in such a way that the soil disturbance has

minimal impact on the ability to measure deep drainage accurately.

Installation location determines soil drainage, so the location must match the objectives

of the particular drainage study. For example, for an estimate of the average groundwater

recharge from the study site, choose installation locations representative of the study site as

a whole. Three main factors may affect study results:

• Vegetation: Once water has percolated into the soil, the main mechanism by which water

is transported to the atmosphere is through vegetative transpiration. The G3 should be

installed at a location with vegetative cover representative of the whole area of interest. It

is also particularly critical that vegetation be reestablished above the G3 after installation.

• Topography: Typically, most accurate drainage results are measured at locations with a

level surface, although installations on slopes can yield good results if the installation

location is properly restored to natural conditions. Low areas where runoff collects can

cause uncharacteristically high drainage rates.

• Location Disturbance: Disturb the location as little as possible during installation and

reestablish natural conditions above the G3 after installation. In some cases, it may be

necessary to install the G3 beneath an undisturbed core of soil. In all cases, allow time for

roots to grow back into disturbed soil.

NOTE:Tilled soil surface is considered already disturbed soil.

Follow the steps listed in Table 1 to set up the G3 and start collecting data. For a diagram of

the drain gauge, refer to Section3.2.

G3 DRAIN GAUGE

Table 1 Installation

Tools Needed

Heavy machinery (backhoe or front-end loader) or shovel, as appropriate

Sledgehammer

4 × 4 wood boards (for stainless steel Divergence Control Tube [DCT])

Flat blade (or other utensil)

Diatomaceous earth (DE)

Tarp

Rope or strap, approximately twice the length of the intended installation depth

Flat head screwdriver

Cap, plug, or crimp for the end of the sampling tube

Preparation

Select Location

Choose the desired location based on relevant details, including representative

position for sensor installation, vegetation cover throughout the season,

minimal interference, etc.

Determine Installation Depth

Decide installation depth (Section2.1.1).

Select Location for DCT Soil

Select a separate location close enough to the installation location that soil

properties are similar, but far enough away that excavation activities do not

impact the installation location (e.g., 10 m apart). Both the amount of sample

and its chemical composition need to be representative of deep drainage at

the installation location.

Option 1: Collect Intact Soil Monolith

NOTE: This option is only for a Stainless Steel DCT.

Excavate to the optimal level for the top of the DCT (Section2.1.1).

Place the DCT on the exposed soil in the excavated hole.

Place one or more wood boards on top of the DCT to distribute the insertion

force to avoid damaging the DCT.

Press or pound the DCT into the soil a few inches using heavy equipment or a

heavy sledgehammer, as appropriate.

Remove the soil around the portion of the DCT that has been inserted.

Alternate pounding and digging until the DCT is fully inserted into the soil.

NOTE: In some situations (e.g., stony soil),it may not be possible to push or pound the DCT

into the soil to collect an intact monolith.In this case,a repacked monolith is the only option.

Dig a hole around the DCT large enough to access the bottom edge.

Use a ﬂat blade or other utensil to cut the soil at the bottom edge of the DCT,

resulting in a ﬂat soil face at the lower boundary of the DCT.

Lift the DCT with intact monolith out of the hole.

OPERATION

Table 1 Installation (continued)

Preparation

(continued)

Option 2: Collect Repacked Soil Monolith

Carefully add each individual soil layer into the DCT as similarly as possible to

the natural soil conditions in both bulk density and natural horizonation.

Avoid large variations in bulk density between layers as these will retard ﬂow

and can cause ﬂux divergence.

NOTE: This option can also be completed after the G3 has been installed into the hole.

Installation

Create Hole

Spread a tarp to hold the vegetation and soil to be removed from the site.

Remove the surface vegetation and place it on the tarp. Preserve as much of

the root mass as possible and organize the vegetation so it can be replaced as

closely as possible to its original location.

Initial Excavation for G3 Drain Gauge Installation

Make a vertical hole 41-cm (16-in) in diameter and approximately 63.5 cm

(25in) deep (the level of the junction between the DCT and the reservoir

section).

Select one of two methods to continue excavating the hole:

• Method #1 (nested offset holes). At the ﬂoor of the 41-cm-diameter

hole, make a 25.4-cm-diameter (10-in-diameter) vertical hole sharing an

outer edge with the 41-cm-diameter hole. The 25.4-cm hole should be

approximately 84 cm (33 in) deep to accommodate the reservoir section.

The shelf formed between the two holes supports the weight of the G3 during

installation and minimizes the amount of backﬁlling necessary.

• Method #2 (straight hole). Continue the 41-cm hole for an additional 84 cm

(33 in), to the depth of the bottom of the reservoir section. Total hole depth

should be approximately 147 cm (58 in).

This method is easier to accomplish in practice but requires more signiﬁcant

backﬁlling of soil.

Assemble Sensor

Cover the top of the DCT with a tarp (or something else to keep the soil in the DCT).

Flip the DCT upside down, so the lower soil layer is at the top.

NOTE: Repacking a monolith creates good hydraulic contact, so a repacked monolith

does not need the additional DE layer.

G3 DRAIN GAUGE

Table 1 Installation (continued)

Installation

(continued)

On the wick-reservoir assembly of the G3, loosen the screw on the hose clamp

at the top of the rubber union sleeve until the hose clamp is visibly loose.

Insert G3 Drain Gauge

Loop the heavy rope or strap below the ﬁtting connecting the reservoir section

to the access tube immediately below the junction between the DCT and

reservoir section.

Lift the G3 and rotate it so the reservoir will be inserted into the hole ﬁrst.

CAUTION: If using an intact monolith, do not lift the G3 Drain Gauge up using the bottom

part of the reservoir as a lift point. This could result in a break around PVC fittings or the

seal around the wick section.

Lower the G3 into the Installation Hole

Carefully lower the G3 into the installation hole with one person holding it level

and guiding it into the hole while another person slowly lowers it into the hole

using the rope or strap.

CAUTION: Do not drop the G3 into the hole or it could be permanently damaged.

Carefully backﬁll soil into the hole around the reservoir section (especially if

using method #2).

NOTE: Sufficient backfilling will prevent the G3 from settling over time.

OPERATION

Table 1 Installation (continued)

Installation

(continued)

Insert HYDROS 21 Sensor

Seat the end of the sampling tube all the way into the notch on the side of the

HYDROS 21.

Sampling tube

Notch

Sampling Tube Seated into HYDROS 21 Adapter

Zip tie the sampling tube to the sensor cable to help keep it secure.

Slowly lower the sensor down the access until it reaches the bottom of the

access tube.

Sensor Assemble with Tube

Run the sampling tube and sensor cable through the U-connector.

Run the sampling tube and sensor cable through the precut slit in the rubber

end cap.

Pull the sampling tube and sensor cable through the end cap until the end cap

meets up with the end of the U-connector. Do not pull the tube or cable too

tight to avoid pulling them back up the access tube.

Connect the end cap with the end of the U-connector and tighten the hose

clamp with a ﬂat head screwdriver.

Prime the G3 by adding 250 mL or more of water through the access tube.

Connect the U-connector to the top of the access tube.

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