Microchip Technology ATmega328P Xplained Mini Manuale utente

ATmega328P Xplained Mini

Preface

This user guide describes how to get started with the ATmega328P Xplained Mini evaluation kit. The evaluation kit is

a hardware platform to evaluate the ATmega328P microcontroller. The on-board mini embedded debugger provides

seamless integration with Atmel Studio and MPLAB® X integrated development platform. The kit provides access to

the features of the ATmega328P enabling easy integration of the device in a custom design.

Table of Contents

Preface........................................................................................................................................................... 1

1. Introduction............................................................................................................................................. 3

1.1. Features....................................................................................................................................... 3

1.2. Board Overview............................................................................................................................3

2. Getting Started........................................................................................................................................ 5

2.1. Xplained Mini Quick Start............................................................................................................. 5

2.2. Design Documentation and Related Links................................................................................... 5

2.3. Programming and Debugging...................................................................................................... 5

3. Xplained Mini.........................................................................................................................................10

3.1. Mini Embedded Debugger..........................................................................................................10

3.2. mEDBG Configuration................................................................................................................ 11

3.3. mEDBG Firmware Upgrade and Manual Bootloader Entry........................................................13

4. Hardware User Guide........................................................................................................................... 14

4.1. Power Sources........................................................................................................................... 15

4.2. Board Assembly......................................................................................................................... 15

4.3. Target Headers and Connectors................................................................................................ 16

4.4. Target Peripherals...................................................................................................................... 17

4.5. mEDBG...................................................................................................................................... 19

4.6. Extension Header Area.............................................................................................................. 20

4.7. Factory Programmed..................................................................................................................21

5. Hardware Revision History and Known Issues..................................................................................... 22

5.1. Identifying Product ID and Revision........................................................................................... 22

5.2. Revision 4...................................................................................................................................22

6. Document Revision History...................................................................................................................23

The Microchip Website.................................................................................................................................24

Product Change Notification Service............................................................................................................24

Customer Support........................................................................................................................................ 24

Microchip Devices Code Protection Feature................................................................................................ 24

Legal Notice................................................................................................................................................. 24

Trademarks.................................................................................................................................................. 25

Quality Management System....................................................................................................................... 25

Worldwide Sales and Service.......................................................................................................................26

ATmega328P Xplained Mini

1. Introduction

1.1 Features

The ATmega328P Xplained Mini evaluation kit provides a development platform for the ATmega328P.

Key Features

• On-board Debugger With Full Source-Level Debugging Support In Atmel Studio/MPLAB® X

• Auto-ID For Board Identification In Atmel Studio/MPLAB® X

• Access To All Signals On The Target MCU

• One Green mEDBG Status LED

• One Yellow User LED

• One Mechanical User Push Button

• Virtual COM Port (CDC)

• External Target CLK 16 MHz At 5V, 8 MHz At 3.3V

• USB Powered

• 3.3V Regulator

• Arduino Shield Compatible Footprints

• Target SPI Bus Header Footprint

• Xplained Pro Extension Headers Can Easily Be Strapped In

1.2 Board Overview

A brief overview of the default kit configuration, headers, and connectors.

ATmega328P Xplained Mini

Introduction

Figure 1-1. ATmega328P Xplained Mini Headers and Connectors

Digital I/O Low (J201)

Digital I/O High (J200)

Power (J202)

Analog I/O (J203)

PC4

PC5

mega328P

Power

Ground

Target I/O

Shared I/Os

PC3

PC2

PC1

PC0

VIN

GND

3V3

RESET

VCC

PD0

PD1

PD2

PD3

PD4

PD5

GND

PD6

PD7

PB0

PB1

PB2

PB3

PB4

PB5

AREF

PC4

PC5

LED / ISP (J204)

CDC TX

CDC RX

External

Clock

SPI

(J204)

CDC UART

(J104)

mEDBG

(ATmega32U4)

Power source

(J300)

Micro USB

Connector

Target power

(J301)

Status

LED

PB5PB7

User

LED

User

button

ISP (J204)

ANALOG (J203)

DIGITAL J200

Table 1-1. Default Configurations

Function Default Configuration Other Settings

Kit power source (J300) 5.0V USB powered External input VIN (1)

Target power (J301) 5.0V USB powered 3.3V from on-board regulator (1)

ATmega328P clock 16 MHz mEDBG clock (2)Internal oscillator (3)

Info:

Changing the default settings requires modification of the kit using a soldering iron.

1. Details on how to change the power settings are described in 4.1 Power Sources.

2. Details on the mEDBG clock are described in 3.1.1 Xplained Mini Clock Output.

3. Debugging through debugWIRE may be disabled if the internal oscillator is used.

ATmega328P Xplained Mini

Introduction

2. Getting Started

2.1 Xplained Mini Quick Start

Steps to start exploring the Xplained Mini platform:

1. Download Atmel Studio/MPLAB® X IDE.

2. Launch Atmel Studio/MPLAB® X.

3. Connect a USB cable (Standard-A to Micro-B or Micro-AB) between the PC and the USB port on the kit.

When the Xplained Mini kit is connected to your computer for the first time, the operating system will perform a driver

software installation. The driver file supports both 32- and 64-bit versions of Microsoft® Windows® XP, Windows

Vista®, Windows 7, Windows 8, and Windows 10. The drivers for the kit are included with Atmel Studio/MPLAB® X.

Once the Xplained Mini board is powered, the green status LED will blink, and Atmel Studio/MPLAB® X will

autodetect which Xplained Mini board is connected. Atmel Studio/MPLAB® X will present relevant information like

data sheets and kit documentation. The ATmega328P device is programmed and debugged by the on-board Mini

Embedded Debugger and, therefore, no external programmer or debugger tool is required.

2.2 Design Documentation and Related Links

The most relevant documents and software for the evaluation kit are available here:

ATmega328P Xplained Mini website - Kit information, latest user guide, and design documentation.

ATmega328P Xplained Mini on Microchip Direct - Buy this kit on microchipDIRECT.

•Atmel Studio - Free IDE for the development of C/C++ and assembler code for microcontrollers.

•MPLAB® X IDE - MPLAB® X IDE is a software program that runs on a PC (Windows®, Mac OS®, Linux®) to

develop applications for Microchip microcontrollers and digital signal controllers. It is called an Integrated

Development Environment (IDE) because it provides a single integrated “environment” to develop code for

embedded microcontrollers.

•Xplained Products - Xplained Evaluation Kits are a series of easy-to-use evaluation kits for Microchip

microcontrollers and other Microchip products.

– Xplained Nano - used for low pin count devices and provides a minimalistic solution with access to all I/O

pins of the target microcontroller.

– Xplained Mini - used for medium pin count devices and adds Arduino Uno compatible header footprint and

a prototyping area.

– Xplained Pro - used for medium-to-high pin count devices that feature advanced debugging and

standardized extensions for peripheral functions.

Note: All the above kits have on-board programmers/debuggers, which creates a set of low-cost boards for

evaluation and demonstration of features and capabilities of different Microchip products.

•Atmel START - Atmel START is an online tool that helps the user to select and configure software components

and tailor your embedded application in a usable and optimized manner.

2.3 Programming and Debugging

2.3.1 Programming the Target Using mEDBG

Using the Embedded Debugger on the ATmega328P Xplained Mini board to program the ATmega328P.

1. Connect the Xplained Mini USB to the PC.

2. Go to Atmel Studio: Click the Tools tab, select Device Programming, and select the connected mEDBG as

Tool with Device as ATmega328P and Interface to ISP, click Apply.

ATmega328P Xplained Mini

Getting Started

3. Select “Memories”, locate the source .hex or .elf file, and click Program.

4. NOTE: If a previous debug session was not closed by selecting “Disable debugWIRE and Close” in the Debug

menu, the DWEN fuse will be enabled, and the target will still be in debug mode, i.e., it will not be possible to

program the target using the ISP interface.

5. If the source file contains fuse settings, select “Production file” and upload the .elf file to program the fuses.

6. Select “Fuses” to program the fuses manually. Set the fuse(s) and click “Program”. Recommended fuse

settings:

ATmega328P Xplained Mini

Getting Started

2.3.2 Debugging the Target Using mEDBG

Using the Embedded Debugger on the ATmega328P Xplained Mini board to debug the ATmega328P via

debugWIRE.

1. Start Atmel Studio.

2. Connect the Xplained Mini USB to the PC.

3. Open your project.

4. Click the “Project” tab and select the project “properties”, click the “Tools” tab, and select mEDBG as debugger

and debugWIRE as interface.

5. Click the “Debug” tab and select “Start Debugging and Break”.

6. Atmel Studio will display an error message if the DWEN fuse in the ATmega328P is not enabled, click YES to

make Studio set the fuse using the ISP interface.

7. A debug session is started with a break in main, and the debugging can start.

8. To exit debug mode, select “Disable debugWIRE and Close” in the Debug tab. This will disable the DWEN

fuse.

Info:

If debug mode is not exited by selecting “Disable debugWIRE and Close” in the Debug menu, the DWEN

fuse will be enabled, and the target will still be in debug mode, i.e., it will not be possible to program the

target using ISP.

If any other CPU CLK than the external CLK supplied by the mEDBG is used, the debugWIRE is not

guaranteed to work.

Applying a signal to J202/RESET (the RESET_SENSE signal) while debugging may result in unexpected

behavior. This signal is NOT available during a debugging session because the RESET line is actively

used by the debugWIRE interface.

2.3.3 Programming the Target Using an External Programmer

How to program the target ATmega328P using the AVR® JTAGICE mkII, JTAGICE3, Atmel-ICE, or other

programmers.

1. Connect the External Programmer USB to the PC.

2. Connect the External Programmer to the ATmega328P Xplained Mini board ISP connector.

3. Go to Atmel Studio: Click the Tools tab, select Device Programming, and select the External Programmer

connected as Tool with Device as ATmega328P and Interface to ISP, click Apply.

4. Select “Memories”, locate the source .hex or .elf file, and click Program.

2.3.4 Programming the ATmega32U4 Using an External Programmer

How to program the ATmega32U4 using the AVR JTAGICE mkII, JTAGICE3, Atmel-ICE, or other programmers.

1. Connect the External Programmer USB to the PC.

2. Connect the External Programmer to the ATmega328P Xplained Mini board JTAG connector.

3. Go to Atmel Studio: Click the Tools tab, select Device Programming, and select the connected mEDBG as

Tool with Device as ATmega32U4 and Interface to JTAG, click Apply.

4. Select “Memories”, locate the source .hex or .elf file, and click Program.

ATmega328P Xplained Mini

Getting Started

5. Select “Fuses” to program the fuses manually. Set the fuse(s) and click “Program”. Recommended fuse

settings:

WARNING

Changing the firmware in the ATmega32U4 will remove the programming and debugging capabilities of the

mEDBG. If the EEPROM is altered, the mEDBG may not be recognized by Atmel Studio anymore.

2.3.5 Programming the ATmega32U4 Using a Bootloader

This section describes how to use the bootloader to program the ATmega32U4.

1. Launch Atmel Studio.

2. Short strap J102.

3. Open the programming dialog, select the bootloader in the tool menu.

4. Connect the ATmega328P Xplained Mini board USB connector to the PC.

ATmega328P Xplained Mini

Getting Started

5. Select Device = ATmega32U4 (Device - Select).

6. Select USB communication (Ctrl+U).

7. Select the memory area to program (use the toggle memory button).

8. Select Load Hex file (Ctrl+L).

9. Select Programming Options.

10. Click “Run”, observe the status in the status field.

WARNING

Changing the firmware in the ATmega32U4 will remove the programming and debugging capabilities of the

mEDBG. If the EEPROM is altered, the mEDBG may not be recognized by Atmel Studio anymore.

ATmega328P Xplained Mini

Getting Started

3. Xplained Mini

Xplained Mini is an evaluation platform that provides a set of small boards with access to all microcontroller I/Os. The

platform consists of a series of low-pin-count Microcontroller (MCU) boards, which are integrated with Atmel Studio to

present relevant user guides, application notes, datasheets, and example code. The platform also features a Virtual

COM port for serial communication to a host PC.

3.1 Mini Embedded Debugger

The ATmega328P Xplained Mini contains the Mini Embedded Debugger (mEDBG) for on-board programming and

debugging. The mEDBG is a composite USB device of two interfaces: a debugger and a virtual COM port.

Together with Atmel Studio, the mEDBG debugger interface can program and debug the ATmega328P. On

ATmega328P Xplained Mini, the ISP/dW interface is connected between the mEDBG and the ATmega328P.

The virtual COM port is connected to a UART on the ATmega328P and provides an easy way to communicate with

the target application through the terminal software. It offers variable baud rate, parity, and Stop bit settings.

Note: The settings on the ATmega328P must match the settings given in the terminal software.

Info: The virtual COM port in the mEDBG requires the terminal software to set the Data Terminal Ready

(DTR) signal to enable the UART pins connected to the ATmega328P. If the DTR signal is not enabled the

UART pins on the mEDBG are kept in high-z (tri-state), rendering the COM port unusable. The DTR signal

is automatically set by some terminal software, but it may have to be manually enabled in the target

terminal.

The mEDBG controls one status LED on the ATmega328P Xplained Mini. The table below shows how the LED is

controlled in different operation modes.

Table 3-1. mEDBG LED Control

Operation Mode Status LED

Power-up LED is briefly lit

Normal operation LED is not lit

Programming Activity indicator; the LED flashes when programming/

debugging with the mEDBG

3.1.1 Xplained Mini Clock Output

The mEDBG outputs its CPU clock on a pin. This clock pin is connected to the ATmega328P clock input and is used

to have a synchronous clock with the mEDBG to enable debugging through debugWIRE.

To disconnect the external clock to the ATmega328P, a 0Ω resistor or strap has to be removed from the footprint, as

shown in the figure below (R109).

ATmega328P Xplained Mini

Xplained Mini

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