Netopia R5000 Scheda informativa del prodotto

Netopia

™

R5000 Series Routers

R5100 Serial Router

R5200 DDS Router

R5300 T1 Router

User’s Reference Guide

This manual and any associated artwork, software, and product designs are copyrighted with

part, without the prior written consent of Netopia, Inc. Under the law, copying includes

translation to another language or format.

Netopia, Inc.

2470 Mariner Square Loop

Alameda, CA 94501-1010

U.S.A.

Part Number

For additional copies of this electronic manual, order Netopia part number 6160016-PF-02

Printed Copies

For printed copies of this manual, order Netopia part number TER5000/Doc

(P/N 6160016-00-02)

Part I: Getting Started

Chapter 1 — Introduction..........................................................1-1

Overview....................................................................... 1-1

Features and capabilities ............................................... 1-1

How to use this guide .................................................... 1-2

Chapter 2 — Setting Up Internet Services .................................2-1

Finding an Internet service provider................................. 2-1

Unique requirements............................................ 2-2

Pricing and support.............................................. 2-2

Endorsements ..................................................... 2-2

Deciding on an ISP account............................................ 2-2

Setting up a Netopia R5000 Series account........... 2-2

Obtaining an IP address........................................ 2-2

Obtaining information from the ISP.................................. 2-3

Local LAN IP address information to obtain............ 2-3

Chapter 3 — Making the Physical Connections..........................3-1

Find a location............................................................... 3-1

What you need .............................................................. 3-2

Connect the router......................................................... 3-3

R5100 Serial....................................................... 3-3

R5200 DDS and R5300 T1................................... 3-3

Identify the connectors......................................... 3-4

Attach the cables................................................. 3-4

Netopia R5000 Series Router status lights...................... 3-5

Chapter 4 — Connecting to Your Local Area Network.................4-1

Overview....................................................................... 4-1

Welcome to the Netopia R5000 Series Router

User’s Reference Guide

. This guide is designed to

be your single source for information about your Netopia R5000 Series Router. It is intended to be

viewed on-line, using the powerful features of the Adobe Acrobat Reader. The information display

has been designed to present the maximum information in the minimum space on your screen. You

can keep this document open while you perform any of the procedures described and ﬁnd useful

information about the procedure you are performing.

This Table of Contents page you are viewing consists of hypertext links to the chapters and

headings listed. If you are viewing this on-line, just click any link below to go to that heading.

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iv User’s Reference Guide

Readying computers on your local network....................... 4-1

Connecting to an Ethernet network.................................. 4-3

10Base-T............................................................. 4-3

Adding an external modem............................................. 4-4

Connecting to a LocalTalk network ................................. 4-5

Chapter 5 — Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard5-1

Before running SmartStart ............................................. 5-2

Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard........... 5-3

SmartStart Wizard conﬁguration screens............... 5-3

Easy option.......................................................... 5-4

Advanced option .................................................. 5-5

Sharing the Connection.................................................. 5-6

Conﬁguring TCP/IP on Windows 95, 98, or NT

computers........................................................... 5-6

Conﬁguring TCP/IP on Macintosh computers........ 5-10

Chapter 6 — Console-Based Management.................................6-1

Connecting through a Telnet session............................... 6-2

Conﬁguring Telnet software................................... 6-3

Connecting a console cable to your router ....................... 6-3

Navigating through the console screens .......................... 6-4

Chapter 7 — Easy Setup...........................................................7-1

Easy Setup console screens........................................... 7-1

Accessing the Easy Setup console screens............ 7-1

The Serial Line Easy Setup conﬁguration screen..... 7-3

The T1 Line conﬁguration screen........................... 7-4

The DDS Line conﬁguration screen........................ 7-5

Easy Setup Proﬁle screen ..................................... 7-6

IP Easy Setup ...................................................... 7-7

Easy Setup Security Conﬁguration ......................... 7-8

Contents v

Part II: Advanced Configuration

Chapter 8 — WAN and System Conﬁguration.............................8-1

WAN conﬁguration.......................................................... 8-1

Line conﬁguration for a Serial line ......................... 8-2

Line conﬁguration for a DDS line ........................... 8-3

Line conﬁguration for a T1 line.............................. 8-4

Conﬁguring Frame Relay................................................. 8-6

Easy Setup Frame Relay screens........................... 8-6

WAN Conﬁguration Frame Relay screens................ 8-7

Frame Relay conﬁguration..................................... 8-8

Frame Relay DLCI conﬁguration........................... 8-10

Creating a new Connection Proﬁle................................. 8-14

The default proﬁle........................................................ 8-20

IP parameters (default proﬁle) screen.................. 8-21

IPX parameters (default proﬁle) screen ................ 8-22

Scheduled connections (switched async only) ................ 8-23

Viewing scheduled connections........................... 8-24

Adding a scheduled connection........................... 8-25

Set Weekly Schedule.......................................... 8-26

Set Once-Only Schedule...................................... 8-27

Modifying a scheduled connection....................... 8-28

Deleting a scheduled connection......................... 8-28

Connection accounting screens (switched async only) .... 8-29

System conﬁguration screens ...................................... 8-32

Navigating through the system conﬁguration screens...... 8-32

System conﬁguration features............................. 8-33

Network protocols setup..................................... 8-34

Filter sets (ﬁrewalls)........................................... 8-34

IP address serving ............................................. 8-34

Date and time.................................................... 8-34

Console conﬁguration......................................... 8-35

SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)..... 8-36

vi User’s Reference Guide

Security............................................................. 8-36

Upgrade feature set ........................................... 8-36

Logging ............................................................. 8-36

Installing the Syslog client .................................. 8-37

Chapter 9 — IP Setup and Network Address Translation ............9-1

Network Address Translation features ............................. 9-1

Using Network Address Translation ................................. 9-3

Associating port numbers with nodes .................... 9-7

Advanced IP/IPX router conﬁguration options................... 9-8

Connection Proﬁles........................................................ 9-8

Network Address Translation guidelines............... 9-11

IP setup...................................................................... 9-12

IP subnets......................................................... 9-16

Static routes...................................................... 9-18

IP address serving....................................................... 9-22

IP Address Pools................................................ 9-25

DHCP NetBIOS Options....................................... 9-27

MacIP (KIP forwarding) setup .............................. 9-29

Chapter 10 — IPX Setup.........................................................10-1

IPX features ................................................................ 10-1

IPX deﬁnitions ............................................................. 10-1

Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX)..................... 10-1

IPX address....................................................... 10-2

Socket .............................................................. 10-2

Routing Information Protocol (RIP)....................... 10-2

Service Advertising Protocol (SAP)....................... 10-2

NetBIOS............................................................ 10-3

IPX spooﬁng....................................................... 10-3

IPX setup screen ......................................................... 10-3

IPX routing tables ........................................................ 10-5

Contents vii

Chapter 11 — AppleTalk Setup................................................11-1

AppleTalk networks ...................................................... 11-1

AppleTalk protocol.............................................. 11-1

MacIP................................................................ 11-3

AURP................................................................. 11-3

Routers and seeding .......................................... 11-3

Installing AppleTalk ...................................................... 11-4

Conﬁguring AppleTalk ................................................... 11-6

EtherTalk setup.................................................. 11-6

LocalTalk setup ................................................. 11-7

AURP setup ....................................................... 11-8

Chapter 12 — Monitoring Tools...............................................12-1

Quick View status overview .......................................... 12-1

General status................................................... 12-2

Current status ................................................... 12-3

Status lights...................................................... 12-3

Statistics & Logs......................................................... 12-4

General Statistics .............................................. 12-5

Event histories ............................................................ 12-6

Routing tables............................................................. 12-8

Served IP Addresses.................................................. 12-11

System Information.................................................... 12-13

SNMP....................................................................... 12-13

The SNMP Setup screen................................... 12-14

SNMP traps..................................................... 12-15

T1 Diagnostics .......................................................... 12-17

T1 Line Statistics and Diagnostics screen.......... 12-17

Web-based monitoring................................................ 12-20

System Information page.................................. 12-20

Frame Relay Statistics page.............................. 12-22

Connection Status page.................................... 12-23

Connect/Disconnect page................................. 12-24

viii User’s Reference Guide

Router Budget Conﬁguration page ..................... 12-25

Connection Budgets page................................. 12-26

Connection Budget Conﬁguration page............... 12-27

Budget Statistics page ..................................... 12-28

Event History pages ......................................... 12-29

Chapter 13 — Security ...........................................................13-1

Suggested security measures....................................... 13-1

User accounts............................................................. 13-1

Dial-in console access.................................................. 13-3

Enable SmartStart/SmartView/Web server................... 13-4

Telnet access.............................................................. 13-4

About ﬁlters and ﬁlter sets ........................................... 13-4

What’s a ﬁlter and what’s a ﬁlter set?.................. 13-4

How ﬁlter sets work............................................ 13-5

How individual ﬁlters work................................... 13-7

Design guidelines............................................. 13-11

Working with IP ﬁlters and ﬁlter sets............................ 13-12

Adding a ﬁlter set............................................. 13-13

Adding ﬁlters to a ﬁlter set................................ 13-14

Viewing ﬁlter sets............................................. 13-18

Modifying ﬁlter sets.......................................... 13-19

Deleting a ﬁlter set........................................... 13-19

A sample IP ﬁlter set........................................ 13-19

IPX ﬁlters .................................................................. 13-23

IPX packet ﬁlters.............................................. 13-24

IPX packet ﬁlter sets ........................................ 13-25

IPX SAP ﬁlters.................................................. 13-27

IPX SAP ﬁlter sets ............................................ 13-29

Firewall tutorial.......................................................... 13-31

General ﬁrewall terms ...................................... 13-31

Basic IP packet components............................. 13-31

Basic protocol types......................................... 13-31

Contents ix

Firewall design rules......................................... 13-32

Filter basics..................................................... 13-35

Example ﬁlters................................................. 13-36

Chapter 14 — Utilities and Diagnostics...................................14-1

Ping............................................................................ 14-2

Trace Route................................................................. 14-5

Telnet client................................................................. 14-6

Disconnect Telnet console session ............................... 14-7

Factory defaults........................................................... 14-7

Transferring conﬁguration and ﬁrmware ﬁles with TFTP.... 14-8

Updating ﬁrmware.............................................. 14-8

Downloading conﬁguration ﬁles ........................... 14-9

Uploading conﬁguration ﬁles ............................. 14-10

Transferring conﬁguration and ﬁrmware ﬁles with

XMODEM................................................................... 14-10

Updating ﬁrmware............................................ 14-11

Downloading conﬁguration ﬁles ......................... 14-12

Uploading conﬁguration ﬁles ............................. 14-12

Restarting the system................................................ 14-13

Part III: Appendixes

Appendix A — Troubleshooting..................................................A-1

Conﬁguration problems .................................................. A-1

Console connection problems ............................... A-2

Network problems................................................ A-2

How to reset the router to factory defaults ...................... A-3

Power outages............................................................... A-3

Technical support .......................................................... A-4

How to reach us................................................... A-4

Appendix B — Understanding IP Addressing ..............................B-1

What is IP?.................................................................... B-1

About IP addressing....................................................... B-1

x User’s Reference Guide

Subnets and subnet masks .................................. B-2

Example: Using subnets on a Class C IP internet.... B-3

Example: Working with a Class C subnet................ B-5

Distributing IP addresses ............................................... B-5

Technical note on subnet masking......................... B-6

Conﬁguration ....................................................... B-7

Manually distributing IP addresses ........................ B-8

Using address serving.......................................... B-8

Tips and rules for distributing IP addresses............ B-9

Nested IP subnets....................................................... B-11

Broadcasts.................................................................. B-13

Packet header types........................................... B-13

Appendix C — Understanding Netopia NAT Behavior...................C-1

Network conﬁguration..................................................... C-1

Background................................................................... C-1

Exported services................................................ C-5

Important notes................................................... C-6

Conﬁguration................................................................. C-7

Summary...................................................................... C-8

Appendix D — Binary Conversion Table......................................D-1

Appendix E — Further Reading..................................................E-1

Appendix F — Technical Speciﬁcations and Safety Information...F-1

Pinouts for Auxiliary port modem cable............................ F-1

Description.................................................................... F-3

Power requirements ............................................. F-3

Environment ........................................................ F-3

Software and protocols......................................... F-3

Agency approvals........................................................... F-4

Regulatory notices ............................................... F-4

Important safety instructions................................ F-6

Glossary..................................................................................GL-1

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