Netopia R910 Scheda informativa del prodotto

Netopia

™

R910 Ethernet Router

for DSL and Cable Modems

User’s Reference Guide

This manual and any associated artwork, software, and product designs are copyrighted with

part, without the prior written consent of Netopia, Inc. Under the law, copying includes

translation to another language or format.

Netopia, Inc.

2470 Mariner Square Loop

Alameda, CA 94501-1010

U.S.A.

Part Number

For additional copies of this electronic manual, order Netopia part number 6161087-PF-01

Printed Copies

For printed copies of this manual, order Netopia part number TER910/Doc

(P/N 6161087-00-01)

Chapter 1 — Introduction..........................................................1-9

Overview ........................................................................ 1-9

Features and capabilities ................................................ 1-9

How to use this guide ................................................... 1-10

Chapter 2 — Setting Up Internet Services ...............................2-11

Deciding on an ISP account ...........................................2-11

DSL and cable modems.......................................2-11

Obtaining information from the ISP.................................2-11

Local LAN IP address information to obtain ...........2-12

Chapter 3 — Making the Physical Connections........................3-13

Find a location..............................................................3-13

What you need .............................................................3-14

Identify the connectors and attach the cables .................3-14

Netopia R910 Ethernet Router back panel ports .............3-15

Netopia R910 Ethernet Router status lights....................3-16

Chapter 4 — Connecting to Your Local Area Network ...............4-17

Overview ...................................................................... 4-17

Network Model....................................................4-17

Readying computers on your local network...................... 4-18

Connecting to an Ethernet network.................................4-20

10Base-T............................................................ 4-20

Chapter 5 — Conﬁguring TCP/IP.............................................5-23

Hardware and operating system requirements ................5-23

Conﬁguring TCP/IP on Windows 95 or 98 .......................5-24

Conﬁguring TCP/IP on a Macintosh Computer ................. 5-26

Chapter 6 — Console-Based Managment ................................. 6-31

Connecting through a Telnet session ..............................6-32

Conﬁguring Telnet software .................................. 6-33

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iv User’s Reference Guide

Connecting a console cable to your router ......................6-33

Navigating through the console screens .........................6-34

Chapter 7 — Easy Setup .........................................................7-35

Easy Setup console screens.......................................... 7-35

Accessing the Easy Setup console screens ...........7-35

Quick Easy Setup connection path ................................. 7-37

If your ISP supports DHCP ................................... 7-37

If your ISP doesn’t support DHCP ......................... 7-37

More Easy Setup options .............................................. 7-39

WAN Ethernet Conﬁguration .................................7-39

IP Easy Setup ..................................................... 7-40

Easy Setup Security Conﬁguration ........................7-41

Chapter 8 — WAN and System Conﬁguration ...........................8-43

WAN conﬁguration......................................................... 8-43

System conﬁguration screens ........................................ 8-44

Navigating through the system conﬁguration screens....... 8-45

System conﬁguration features .............................. 8-46

IP setup..............................................................8-47

Filter sets (ﬁrewalls) ............................................8-47

IP address serving ..............................................8-47

Date and time.....................................................8-47

Console conﬁguration ..........................................8-48

SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) ......8-48

Security.............................................................. 8-48

Upgrade feature set ............................................8-48

Logging ..............................................................8-49

Installing the Syslog client ................................... 8-50

Chapter 9 — IP Setup and Network Address Translation ..........9-51

Network Address Translation features ............................9-51

Using Network Address Translation ................................ 9-53

Associating port numbers with nodes ...................9-55

Network Address Translation guideline.................. 9-55

IP setup .......................................................................9-56

IP subnets ..........................................................9-60

Contents v

Static routes.......................................................9-62

IP address serving ........................................................9-66

IP Address Pools ................................................. 9-68

DHCP NetBIOS Options........................................ 9-70

Chapter 10 — Virtual Private Networks (VPN) .......................10-73

Overview .................................................................... 10-73

About PPTP Tunnels ....................................................10-76

PPTP conﬁguration.............................................10-76

Encryption Support ..................................................... 10-79

About IPsec Tunnels.................................................... 10-80

Conﬁguration ....................................................10-80

IP Proﬁle Parameters .........................................10-83

Advanced IP Proﬁle Options................................ 10-84

VPN Default Answer Proﬁle .......................................... 10-85

VPN QuickView ...........................................................10-86

Dial-Up Networking for VPN .......................................... 10-88

Installing Dial-Up Networking ..............................10-88

Creating a new Dial-Up Networking proﬁle ........... 10-89

Conﬁguring a Dial-Up Networking proﬁle ..............10-90

Installing the VPN Client ..............................................10-92

Windows 95 VPN installation.............................. 10-92

Windows 98 VPN installation.............................. 10-92

Connecting using Dial-Up Networking ..................10-93

About ATMP Tunnels.................................................... 10-94

ATMP conﬁguration............................................ 10-94

Allowing VPNs through a Firewall..................................10-98

PPTP example ...................................................10-99

ATMP example ................................................10-102

Chapter 11 — PPP over Ethernet ........................................11-105

PPP Ethernet LAN Reconﬁguration.............................. 11-107

Conﬁguration ..................................................11-107

Quick View......................................................11-108

vi User’s Reference Guide

Chapter 12 — Monitoring Tools ...........................................12-109

Quick View status overview ....................................... 12-109

General status ................................................12-110

Status lights ...................................................12-110

Statistics & Logs ......................................................12-111

General Statistics ........................................... 12-111

Event histories ......................................................... 12-112

Routing tables ..........................................................12-114

Served IP Addresses.................................................12-116

System Information................................................... 12-117

SNMP ......................................................................12-118

The SNMP Setup screen ..................................12-118

SNMP traps ....................................................12-119

Chapter 13 — Security .......................................................13-123

Suggested security measures .................................... 13-123

User accounts ..........................................................13-123

Telnet access ........................................................... 13-125

About ﬁlters and ﬁlter sets ........................................13-126

What’s a ﬁlter and what’s a ﬁlter set?...............13-126

How ﬁlter sets work.........................................13-126

How individual ﬁlters work................................13-128

Design guidelines............................................ 13-132

Working with IP ﬁlters and ﬁlter sets........................... 13-133

Adding a ﬁlter set ............................................ 13-134

Viewing ﬁlter sets............................................ 13-138

Modifying ﬁlter sets ......................................... 13-139

Deleting a ﬁlter set..........................................13-139

A sample IP ﬁlter set ....................................... 13-139

Firewall tutorial ......................................................... 13-143

General ﬁrewall terms ..................................... 13-143

Basic IP packet components ............................ 13-143

Basic protocol types ........................................ 13-143

Firewall design rules........................................13-144

Filter basics.................................................... 13-146

Contents vii

Example ﬁlters ................................................13-147

RADIUS Client Support.............................................. 13-151

RADIUS client conﬁguration..............................13-151

Chapter 14 — Utilities and Diagnostics ...............................14-155

Ping ......................................................................... 14-156

Trace Route.............................................................. 14-158

Telnet client.............................................................. 14-159

Disconnect Telnet console session ............................14-160

Factory defaults........................................................ 14-160

Transferring conﬁguration and ﬁrmware ﬁles

with TFTP .................................................................14-160

Updating ﬁrmware ........................................... 14-161

Downloading conﬁguration ﬁles ........................ 14-162

Uploading conﬁguration ﬁles ............................14-163

Transferring conﬁguration and ﬁrmware ﬁles

with XMODEM........................................................... 14-163

Updating ﬁrmware ........................................... 14-164

Downloading conﬁguration ﬁles ........................ 14-165

Uploading conﬁguration ﬁles ............................14-165

Restarting the system............................................... 14-166

Appendix A — Troubleshooting..............................................A-167

Conﬁguration problems ............................................... A-167

Console connection problems ............................ A-168

Network problems ............................................. A-168

How to reset the router to factory defaults ................... A-169

Power outages............................................................ A-169

Technical support ....................................................... A-170

How to reach us................................................ A-170

Appendix B — Understanding IP Addressing ..........................B-173

What is IP?.................................................................B-173

About IP addressing ....................................................B-173

Subnets and subnet masks ...............................B-174

Example: Using subnets on a Class C

IP internet ........................................................B-175

viii User’s Reference Guide

Example: Working with a Class C subnet.............B-177

Distributing IP addresses ............................................B-177

Technical note on subnet masking......................B-178

Conﬁguration ....................................................B-179

Manually distributing IP addresses .....................B-180

Using address serving .......................................B-180

Tips and rules for distributing IP addresses.........B-180

Nested IP subnets ......................................................B-182

Broadcasts.................................................................B-185

Packet header types..........................................B-185

Appendix C — Understanding Netopia NAT Behavior...............C-187

Network conﬁguration..................................................C-187

Background ................................................................C-187

Exported services .............................................C-191

Important notes ................................................C-192

Conﬁguration ..............................................................C-193

Summary ...................................................................C-194

Appendix D — Binary Conversion Table..................................D-195

Appendix E — Further Reading.............................................. E-197

Appendix F — Technical Speciﬁcations and Safety

Information ........................................................................... F-201

Description................................................................. F-201

Power requirements .......................................... F-201

Environment ..................................................... F-201

Software and protocols...................................... F-201

Agency approvals........................................................ F-201

Regulatory notices ............................................ F-202

Important safety instructions ............................. F-203

Index

Introduction 1-9

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Overview

The Netopia R910 Ethernet Router is a stand-alone, multiprotocol broadband router for connecting diverse local

area networks (LANs) to the Internet and other remote networks. Combining the Netopia R910 with a cable or

DSL modem provides businesses with a low-cost connection to the Internet while retaining the power of a

router. Once your Netopia R910 Ethernet Router is connected to your LAN and an Internet connection device

such as a cable or a DSL modem, and your account is activated by your network service provider, you will have

a high-speed connection between your LAN and the telephone company’s network of high-speed digital

facilities.

This section covers the following topics:

■

“Features and capabilities” on page 1-9

■

“How to use this guide” on page 1-10

Features and capabilities

The Netopia R910 Ethernet Router provides the following features:

■

Always-on connection eliminates dialing and provides lower, more predictable transmission costs.

■

Interconnects with cable modems or DSL modems or bridges that have an Ethernet port.

■

Connectivity to support Ethernet LANs via built-in 4-port 10Base-T hub.

■

Support for Network Address Translation (NAT) and MultiNAT, allowing all computers and IP hosts on the

LAN to appear as one or more IP addresses to the ISP on the WAN link.

■

Support for DHCP, allowing automatic assignment of IP addresses on the LAN or WAM and simplyfying

conﬁguration and management.

■

Support for VPN client and server, supporting remote VPN clients as well as providing a single connection

for all or select VPN clients on the LAN. Supports PPTP-based VPN for interoperability with Windows Dial-Up

Networking and IPSec for secure public key encryption.

■

Status lights (LEDs) for easy monitoring and troubleshooting.

■

Support for IP routing for Internet and intranet connectivity.

■

Support for console-based management over Telnet or serial cable connection.

■

Support for remote conﬁguration by your reseller, your network administrator, or technicians at Netopia,

Inc., via IP network.

■

Wall-mountable, bookshelf (side-stackable), or desktop-stackable design for effective space usage.

1-10 User’s Reference Guide

How to use this guide

This guide is designed to be your single source for information about your Netopia R910 Ethernet Router. It is

intended to be viewed on-line, using the powerful features of the Adobe Acrobat Reader. The information display

has been deliberately designed to present the maximum information in the minimum space on your screen. You

can keep this document open while you perform any of the procedures described, and ﬁnd useful information

about the procedure you are performing.

If you prefer to work from hard copy rather than on-line documentation, you can also print out all of the manual,

or individual sections. The pages are formatted to print on standard 8 1/2 by 11 inch paper. We recommend

that you print on three-hole punched paper, so you can put the pages in a binder for future reference. For your

convenience, a printed copy can be purchased from Netopia. Order part number TER910/Doc.

This guide is organized into chapters describing the Netopia R910’s advanced features. You may want to read

each chapter’s introductory section to familiarize yourself with the various features available.

Use the guide’s table of contents and index to locate informational topics.

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