PCB Piezotronics EX619A11 Manuale utente

Model EX619A11

Charge Output Accelerometer

Installation and Operating Manual

For assistance with the operation of this product,

contact PCB Piezotronics, Inc.

Toll-free: 800-828-8840

24-hour SensorLine: 716-684-0001

Fax: 716-684-0987

E-mail: [email protected]

Web: www.pcb.com

The information contained in this document supersedes all similar information that

may be found elsewhere in this manual.

Total Customer Satisfaction –PCB

Piezotronics guarantees Total Customer

Satisfaction. If, at any time, for any

reason, you are not completely satisfied

with any PCB product, PCB will repair,

replace, or exchange it at no charge.

You may also choose to have your

purchase price refunded in lieu of the

repair, replacement, or exchange of the

product.

Service –Due to the sophisticated

nature of the sensors and associated

instrumentation provided by PCB

Piezotronics, user servicing or repair is

not recommended and, if attempted,

may void the factory warranty. Routine

maintenance, such as the cleaning of

electrical connectors, housings, and

mounting surfaces with solutions and

techniques that will not harm the

physical material of construction, is

acceptable. Caution should be observed

to insure that liquids are not permitted to

migrate into devices that are not

hermetically sealed. Such devices

should only be wiped with a dampened

cloth and never submerged or have

liquids poured upon them.

Repair –In the event that equipment

becomes damaged or ceases to

operate, arrangements should be made

to return the equipment to PCB

Piezotronics for repair. User servicing or

repair is not recommended and, if

attempted, may void the factory

warranty.

Calibration –Routine calibration of

sensors and associated instrumentation

is recommended as this helps build

confidence in measurement accuracy

and acquired data. Equipment

calibration cycles are typically

established by the users own quality

regimen. When in doubt about a

calibration cycle, a good “rule of thumb”

is to recalibrate on an annual basis. It is

also good practice to recalibrate after

exposure to any severe temperature

extreme, shock, load, or other

environmental influence, or prior to any

critical test.

PCB Piezotronics maintains an ISO-

9001 certified metrology laboratory and

offers calibration services, which are

accredited by A2LA to ISO/IEC 17025,

with full traceability to SI through

N.I.S.T. In addition to the normally

supplied calibration, special testing is

also available, such as: sensitivity at

elevated or cryogenic temperatures,

phase response, extended high or low

frequency response, extended range,

leak testing, hydrostatic pressure

testing, and others. For information on

standard recalibration services or

special testing, contact your local PCB

Piezotronics distributor, sales

representative, or factory customer

service representative.

Returning Equipment –Following

these procedures will insure that your

returned materials are handled in the

most expedient manner. Before

Warranty, Service, Repair, and

Return Policies and Instructions

returning any equipment to PCB

Piezotronics, contact your local

distributor, sales representative, or

factory customer service representative

to obtain a Return Warranty, Service,

Repair, and Return Policies and

Instructions Materials Authorization

(RMA) Number. This RMA number

should be clearly marked on the outside

of all package(s) and on the packing

list(s) accompanying the shipment. A

detailed account of the nature of the

problem(s) being experienced with the

equipment should also be included

inside the package(s) containing any

returned materials.

A Purchase Order, included with the

returned materials, will expedite the

turn-around of serviced equipment. It is

recommended to include authorization

on the Purchase Order for PCB to

proceed with any repairs, as long as

they do not exceed 50% of the

replacement cost of the returned

item(s). PCB will provide a price

quotation or replacement

recommendation for any item whose

repair costs would exceed 50% of

replacement cost, or any item that is not

economically feasible to repair. For

routine calibration services, the

Purchase Order should include

authorization to proceed and return at

current pricing, which can be obtained

from a factory customer service

representative.

Warranty –All equipment and repair

services provided by PCB Piezotronics,

Inc. are covered by a limited warranty

against defective material and

workmanship for a period of one year

from date of original purchase. Contact

PCB for a complete statement of our

warranty. Expendable items, such as

batteries and mounting hardware, are

not covered by warranty. Mechanical

damage to equipment due to improper

use is not covered by warranty.

Electronic circuitry failure caused by the

introduction of unregulated or improper

excitation power or electrostatic

discharge is not covered by warranty.

Contact Information –International

customers should direct all inquiries to

their local distributor or sales office. A

complete list of distributors and offices

can be found at www.pcb.com.

Customers within the United States may

contact their local sales representative

or a factory customer service

representative. A complete list of sales

representatives can be found at

www.pcb.com. Toll-free telephone

numbers for a factory customer service

representative, in the division

responsible for this product, can be

found on the title page at the front of this

manual. Our ship to address and

general contact numbers are:

PCB Piezotronics, Inc.

3425 Walden Ave.

Depew, NY14043 USA

Toll-free: (800) 828-8840

24-hour SensorLineSM: (716) 684-0001

Website: www.pcb.com

E-mail: [email protected]

PCB工业监视和测量设备 - 中国RoHS2公布表

PCB Industrial Monitoring and Measuring Equipment - China RoHS 2 Disclosure Table

部件名称

有害物质

铅(Pb)

汞

(Hg)

镉

(Cd)

六价铬(Cr(VI))

多溴联苯 (PBB)

多溴二苯醚(PBDE)

住房

PCB板

电气连接器

压电晶体

环氧

铁氟龙

电子

厚膜基板

电线

电缆

塑料

焊接

铜合金/黄铜

本表格依据 SJ/T 11364 的规定编制。

O：表示该有害物质在该部件所有均质材料中的含量均在 GB/T 26572 规定的限量要求以下。

X：表示该有害物质至少在该部件的某一均质材料中的含量超出 GB/T 26572 规定的限量要求。

铅是欧洲RoHS指令2011/65/ EU附件三和附件四目前由于允许的豁免。

CHINA RoHS COMPLIANCE

DOCUMENT NUMBER: 21354

DOCUMENT REVISION: C

ECN: 45605

Component Name

Hazardous Substances

Lead

(Pb)

Mercury

(Hg)

Cadmium

(Cd)

Chromium VI

Compounds

(Cr(VI))

Polybrominated

Biphenyls

(PBB)

Polybrominated

Diphenyl

Ethers (PBDE)

Housing

PCB Board

Electrical

Connectors

Piezoelectric

Crystals

Epoxy

Teflon

Electronics

Thick Film

Substrate

Wires

Cables

Plastic

Solder

Copper Alloy/Brass

This table is prepared in accordance with the provisions of SJ/T 11364.

O: Indicates that said hazardous substance contained in all of the homogeneous materials for this part is below the limit

requirement of GB/T 26572.

X: Indicates that said hazardous substance contained in at least one of the homogeneous materials for this part is above

the limit requirement of GB/T 26572.

Lead is present due to allowed exemption in Annex III or Annex IV of the European RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU.

General

OPERATING GUIDE

for use with

PIEZOELECTRIC CHARGE MODE ACCELEROMETERS

SPECIFICATION SHEET, INSTALLATION DRAWING

AND CALIBRATION INFORMATION ENCLOSED

PCB ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY FOR DAMAGE CAUSED TO THIS PRODUCT AS A RESULT OF

PROCEDURES THAT ARE INCONSISTENT WITH THIS OPERATING GUIDE.

DOC: 55308

REV: NR

ECO:41036

TABLE OF CONTENTS

OPERATING GUIDE........................................................................................................................................................... 1

PIEZOELECTRIC CHARGE MODE ACCELEROMETERS ............................................................................................. 1

1.1 Cables in Explosive Atmospheres........................................................................................................................... 3

1.2 High Temperature Differential Charge Output Sensor............................................................................................ 3

2CABLING ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3

2.1 General Precautions and Considerations................................................................................................................. 3

2.1.1 Proper Cable Type and Care.......................................................................................................................... 3

2.2 Softline Cable.......................................................................................................................................................... 4

2.3 Integraral Hardline Cable........................................................................................................................................ 4

2.4 Hardline Connection Type ...................................................................................................................................... 4

2.4.1 PCB / Lemo type connector........................................................................................................................... 4

2.4.2 High Temperature 2 –pin 7/16-27 UNS connector........................................................................................ 4

2.5 In Line Differential Charge Amplifier..................................................................................................................... 4

3INSTALLATION OVERVIEW.................................................................................................................................... 5

3.1 Equipment Inspection.............................................................................................................................................. 5

3.2 Polarity Test............................................................................................................................................................ 5

3.3 Sensor Location....................................................................................................................................................... 5

3.4 Mounting Sensor ..................................................................................................................................................... 5

3.5 Route Mineral Insulated Hardline Cable................................................................................................................. 6

3.5.1 Care................................................................................................................................................................ 6

3.5.2 Bend Radius................................................................................................................................................... 7

3.5.3 Clamp Cable .................................................................................................................................................. 7

4POWERING.................................................................................................................................................................. 8

4.1 Installation............................................................................................................................................................... 8

4.2 Operation................................................................................................................................................................. 8

5HIGH-TEMPERATURE OPERATION ...................................................................................................................... 9

5.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................................................. 9

5.2 Reduced Resistance at Charge Amplifier Input....................................................................................................... 9

5.3 Solution to Reduced Resistance ............................................................................................................................ 10

5.4 Low-Frequency Response Limitations .................................................................................................................. 10

5.5 Other Precautions.................................................................................................................................................. 12

6ACCELEROMETER CALIBRATION....................................................................................................................... 12

6.1.1 SENSOR RECALIBRATION..................................................................................................................... 12

6.1.2 BACK-TO-BACK CALIBRATION THEORY .......................................................................................... 13

6.1.3 PCB CALIBRATION PROCEDURE ......................................................................................................... 14

INTRODUCTION

Congratulations on the purchase of a quality PCB charge mode accelerometer. In order to ensure the highest

level of performance for this product, it is imperative that you properly familiarize yourself with the correct

mounting and installation techniques before attempting to operate this device. If, after reading this manual, you

have any additional questions concerning this sensor or its application, feel free to call an Application Engineer

at 716-684-0001 or the closest PCB representative.

1.1 Cables in Explosive Atmospheres

The cable lengths (Integral and Cable and Cable Assemblies) INSTALLED IN AN EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERE IS

DEFINED IN THE ATEX, IECEx, CSA, ETC. APPROVAL CERTIFICATES.

1.2 High Temperature Differential Charge Output Sensor

Ceramic or Single crystal shear-structured accelerometers offer high performance for precision vibration

measurements in high-temperature environments. The use of ceramic or single crystal sensing crystals,

operating in the shear mode, reduces erroneous output due to base strain, thermal transients, and transverse

motion.

Charge mode accelerometers output a strong, high-impedance charge signal directly from their piezoelectric

sensing element. They do not contain built-in signal conditioning electronics; the signal is conditioned

externally by either a laboratory-style charge amplifier or in-line charge converter prior to being analyzed by a

readout or recording device. The absence of built-in electronics permits operation to elevated temperatures of

500 °F (260 °C) for most models or up to 1300 °F (700 °C) for special applications.

These accelerometers are ideal for structural testing, machine monitoring, and vehicular shock, high

temperature machinery and power generation turbine and other vibration measurement tasks where high

temperatures preclude the use of accelerometers with built-in microelectronics.

Enclosed is a Specification Sheet, which lists the complete performance characteristics of the particular

accelerometer.

2 CABLING

2.1 General Precautions and Considerations

2.1.1 Proper Cable Type and Care

Ascertain that you have ordered the correct cable type. Due to the high-impedance nature of the output signal

generated by charge mode accelerometers, several important precautionary measures must be followed.

When using soft-line cable always use special low-noise PCB Series 045 Low-Noise Cable (or equivalent) for

connecting to the input of the differential charge-output accelerometers. For extremely high temperature

charge mode applications use mineral insulated (MI) hard-line.

Care and attention to installation is essential, as the reliability and accuracy of your system is no better than

that of the output cable. Cables and connectors must be kept clean and dry to maintain high insulation

resistance and low frequency responce. In the event that the insulation resistance is compromised, inspect,

clean, and bake cables and connectors to restore insulation resistance.

2.2 Softline Cable

Special high temperature low-noise, shielded cable 2-wire cable assembly is required with charge mode

sensors for applications up to 500°F to connect the transducer to the charge amp. When additional

mechanical protection is required a stainless steel armor can be used.

The shield acts as a Faraday cage to reduce electrical noise from corrupting the signals, and minimizes

capacitively coupled noise from other electrical sources.

Standard, two-wire, or coaxial cable, when flexed, generates a charge between the conductors. This is referred

to as triboelectric noise and cannot be distinguished from the sensor's charge output. Low-noise cables have a

special graphite lubricant between the dielectric and the braided shield, which minimizes the triboelectric effect

and improves the quality of the sensor's charge output signal.

When using separate cables connect the cable to the accelerometer. A small amount of thread-locking

compound placed on the connector prior to attachment helps secure the cable during testing. In harsh

environments, the connection can be sealed with silicone rubber, O-rings, and flexible heat-shrink tubing.

2.3 Integral Hardline Cable

For extremely high temperature (>500°F) charge mode applications use mineral insulated (MI) hardline. Keep

cable clean to maintain insulation resistance and good low-frequency response

2.4 Hardline Connection Type

2.4.1 PCB / Lemo type connector

The Lemo connector is PCA.0S.302.CLAC42 that is specially adapted for use with hardline cable. The

connector is a self-latching system that allows the connector to be mated by simply pushing the plug axially into

the socket. When required the connector is disengage by a single axial pull on the outer release sleeve.

2.4.2 High Temperature 2 –pin 7/16-27 UNS connector

This connector is a Model GP, 2 Pin Jack, 7/16-27 thread. The connector is welded to the hardline to provide a

high temperature, hermetic connection. The GP connector uses a threaded connction to mate with a GN or ET

2-Socket plug and torqued to 5 ft*lbs +/- 1 ft*lb

2.5 In Line Differential Charge Amplifier

The differential in line charge amplifier is purchased separately

A conventional method for conditioning the high-impedance signal generated by a charge output sensor is to

use a differential 422 series in-line charge amplifiers operate from an ICP ® signal conditioner. The unit

employs a high gain amplifier to perform the impedance transformation. The charge output of the transducers

may be scaled in terms of acceleration, pressure or force. The output is then mV/g, mV/psi or mV/lb,

respectively.

3 INSTALLATION OVERVIEW

3.1 Equipment Inspection

Before installing the accelerometer, verify the insulation resistance (I/R) of the sensor is per specification. I/R

can be out of specification due to mishandling and/or damage.

3.2 Polarity Test

Use this test to verify the proper polarity response. Improper polarity will adversely affect the use of the sensor

for machinery diagnostics such as balancing.

Step 1 –Connect the sensor to a 422 style charge amp and any ICP ® signal conditioner. Using standard

cable, connect the powered sensor to an oscilloscope.

Step 2 –Set the time scale to 20 milliseconds/division

Step 3 –Hold the transducer in hand and tap the bottom. The wavefrom on the oscilloscope first goes positive

as shown in Figure 1. If the waveform goes negative the wiring is reversed, contact PCB for technical support.

FIGURE 1

3.3 Sensor Location

Characteristics like location, ruggedness, amplitude range, accessibility, temperature, and portability

are extremely critical.

For optimum performance and measurement find a rigid location on the machine casing that most accurately

represents the vibration of the rotor, bearing, fan, etc. to be measured.).

3.4 Mounting Sensor

Bolt mounting requires smooth, flat contact surfaces for proper operation and is recommended for permanent

and/or secure installations. Stud or bolt mounting is also recommended when testing at high frequencies.

Note: Do NOT attempt mounting on curved, rough, or uneven surfaces, as the potential for misalignment and

limited contact surface may significantly reduce the sensor’s upper operating frequency range.

STEP 1: Verify that the ambient and surface temperature of the mounting location are within the

temperature range of the sensor.

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