PCB Piezotronics 118B06 Manuale utente

Model 118B06

Charge Output Pressure Sensor

Installation and Operating Manual

For assistance with the operation of this product,

contact PCB Piezotronics, Inc.

Toll-free: 800-828-8840

24-hour SensorLine: 716-684-0001

Fax: 716-684-0987

E-mail: [email protected]

Web: www.pcb.com

The information contained in this document supersedes all similar information that

may be found elsewhere in this manual.

Service –Due to the sophisticated

nature of the sensors and associated

instrumentation provided by PCB

Piezotronics, user servicing or repair is

not recommended and, if attempted,

may void the factory warranty. Routine

maintenance, such as the cleaning of

electrical connectors, housings, and

mounting surfaces with solutions and

techniques that will not harm the

physical material of construction, is

acceptable. Caution should be observed

to ensure that liquids are not permitted

to migrate into devices that are not

hermetically sealed. Such devices

should only be wiped with a dampened

cloth and never submerged or have

liquids poured upon them.

Repair –In the event that equipment

becomes damaged or ceases to

operate, arrangements should be made

to return the equipment to PCB

Piezotronics for repair. User servicing or

repair is not recommended and, if

attempted, may void the factory

warranty.

Calibration –Routine calibration of

sensors and associated instrumentation

is recommended as this helps build

confidence in measurement accuracy

and acquired data. Equipment

calibration cycles are typically

established by the users own quality

regimen. When in doubt about a

calibration cycle, a good “rule of thumb”

is to recalibrate on an annual basis. It is

also good practice to recalibrate after

exposure to any severe temperature

extreme, shock, load, or other

environmental influence, or prior to any

critical test.

PCB Piezotronics maintains an ISO-

9001 certified metrology laboratory and

offers calibration services, which are

accredited by A2LA to ISO/IEC 17025,

with full traceability to SI through

N.I.S.T. In addition to the normally

supplied calibration, special testing is

also available, such as: sensitivity at

elevated or cryogenic temperatures,

phase response, extended high or low

frequency response, extended range,

leak testing, hydrostatic pressure

testing, and others. For information on

standard recalibration services or

special testing, contact your local PCB

Piezotronics distributor, sales

representative, or factory customer

service representative.

Returning Equipment –Following

these procedures will ensure that your

returned materials are handled in the

most expedient manner. Before

returning any equipment to PCB

Piezotronics, contact your local

distributor, sales representative, or

factory customer service representative

to obtain a Return Warranty, Service,

Repair, and Return Policies and

Instructions Materials Authorization

(RMA) Number. This RMA number

should be clearly marked on the outside

of all package(s) and on the packing

Service, Repair, and Return

Policies and Instructions

list(s) accompanying the shipment. A

detailed account of the nature of the

problem(s) being experienced with the

equipment should also be included

inside the package(s) containing any

returned materials.

A Purchase Order, included with the

returned materials, will expedite the

turn-around of serviced equipment. It is

recommended to include authorization

on the Purchase Order for PCB to

proceed with any repairs, as long as

they do not exceed 50% of the

replacement cost of the returned

item(s). PCB will provide a price

quotation or replacement

recommendation for any item whose

repair costs would exceed 50% of

replacement cost, or any item that is not

economically feasible to repair. For

routine calibration services, the

Purchase Order should include

authorization to proceed and return at

current pricing, which can be obtained

from a factory customer service

representative.

Contact Information –International

customers should direct all inquiries to

their local distributor or sales office. A

complete list of distributors and offices

can be found at www.pcb.com.

Customers within the United States may

contact their local sales representative

or a factory customer service

representative. A complete list of sales

representatives can be found at

www.pcb.com. Toll-free telephone

numbers for a factory customer service

representative, in the division

responsible for this product, can be

found on the title page at the front of this

manual. Our ship to address and

general contact numbers are:

PCB Piezotronics, Inc.

3425 Walden Ave.

Depew, NY14043 USA

Toll-free: (800) 828-8840

24-hour SensorLineSM: (716) 684-0001

Website: www.pcb.com

E-mail: [email protected]

PCB工业监视和测量设备 - 中国RoHS2公布表

PCB Industrial Monitoring and Measuring Equipment - China RoHS 2 Disclosure Table

部件名称

有害物质

铅(Pb)

汞

(Hg)

镉

(Cd)

六价铬(Cr(VI))

多溴联苯 (PBB)

多溴二苯醚(PBDE)

住房

PCB板

电气连接器

压电晶体

环氧

铁氟龙

电子

厚膜基板

电线

电缆

塑料

焊接

铜合金/黄铜

本表格依据 SJ/T 11364 的规定编制。

O：表示该有害物质在该部件所有均质材料中的含量均在 GB/T 26572 规定的限量要求以下。

X：表示该有害物质至少在该部件的某一均质材料中的含量超出 GB/T 26572 规定的限量要求。

铅是欧洲RoHS指令2011/65/ EU附件三和附件四目前由于允许的豁免。

CHINA RoHS COMPLIANCE

DOCUMENT NUMBER: 21354

DOCUMENT REVISION: D

ECN: 46162

Component Name

Hazardous Substances

Lead

(Pb)

Mercury

(Hg)

Cadmium

(Cd)

Chromium VI

Compounds

(Cr(VI))

Polybrominated

Biphenyls

(PBB)

Polybrominated

Diphenyl

Ethers (PBDE)

Housing

PCB Board

Electrical

Connectors

Piezoelectric

Crystals

Epoxy

Teflon

Electronics

Thick Film

Substrate

Wires

Cables

Plastic

Solder

Copper Alloy/Brass

This table is prepared in accordance with the provisions of SJ/T 11364.

O: Indicates that said hazardous substance contained in all of the homogeneous materials for this part is below the limit

requirement of GB/T 26572.

X: Indicates that said hazardous substance contained in at least one of the homogeneous materials for this part is above

the limit requirement of GB/T 26572.

Lead is present due to allowed exemption in Annex III or Annex IV of the European RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU.

Drawing Number: 21110

Revision: B

OPERATION MANUAL FOR

QUARTZ PRESSURE SENSOR

Series 118 & 119

1.0 INTRODUCTION

The 118 & 119 Series are acceleration-compensated,

high pressure sensors primarily developed to measure

ballistics chamber pressures for R & D and

production testing of ammunition. They may also be

used for explosive air blast and other high pressure

measurements in extreme shock environments where

ultra-fast, micro-second response is required. These

types of tests are usually accompanied by large

acceleration pulses, which can add considerable error

to output signals of un-compensated sensors.

The shoulder seal design features a one-piece

diaphragm machined integral with the housing for

ruggedness. A ceramic coating is applied to the

diaphragm to minimize flash temperature effects.

For applications where strain sensitivity from stress

within the mounting port is a concern, the 118B1X

and 119B1X utilize a floating clamp-nut design to

reduce the effects, where “X” denotes pressure range.

2.0 DESCRIPTION

The 118 & 119 Series contain an acceleration-

compensated piezo element. The quartz element

contains an integral seismic mass that counteracts the

acceleration effects of the end piece and diaphragm.

This compensation acts to extend the frequency

characteristics and enhance the transient response of

the sensor.

The machined diaphragm is made from maraging

steel, selected because of its high strength and

durability. The combination of the short, rigid

element and stiff diaphragm give these sensors a high

natural frequency and linearity.

3.0 INSTALLATION

With a 3/8-24 (M10x1.0 for metric mount) mounting

thread and flush diaphragm design, the 118 & 119

Series transducers mount directly in existing ports

machined for PCB Series 108 & 109.

Unlike conventional diaphragm type sensors, the 118

& 119 Series are pressure sensitive over the entire

frontal area. Extra care should be exercised to avoid

bottoming in the mounting hole when recess mounted

or when mounting into existing ports.

Install the sensor, using only one of the seals

provided, with the aid of a torque wrench to monitor

the mounting torque value. The recommended torque

range can be found on the installation drawing. Seals

should be replaced each time the sensor is re-

installed.

3.1 MOUNTING IN EXISTING

RECESSED PORTS

Before installing the sensor in previously used

mounting ports, clean out the residue from previous

tests. The port can be cleaned by hand reaming the ¼

inch diameter hole using a PCB Model 040A end

cutting reamer (040A07 for metric mount) guided by

PCB Model 041A pilot bushing (M041A for metric

mount).

Existing Recessed Ports

Pay particular attention to the sealing surface,

keeping it free from tool chatter marks, nicks and

other imperfections that could adversely affect the

seal. If the sealing surface requires re-machining

after prolonged use, refer to the installation drawing

to ensure that the ¼ inch hole is deepened to avoid

bottoming of the sensor when re-installed.

If waveform distortion occurs during prolonged

testing, remove the sensor and clean the residue as

illustrated above.

5/16 HEX

10-32 COAXIAL

CONNECTOR

3/8-24 THREAD

CERAMIC COATING

QUARTZ ELEMENT

MODEL 040A

REAMER

MODEL 041A

PILOT BUSHING

Drawing Number: 21110

Revision: B

OPERATION MANUAL FOR

QUARTZ PRESSURE SENSOR

Series 118 & 119

3.2 PREPARING NEW MOUNTING

PORTS

Refer to the installation drawing provided in this

manual for instructions on mounting hole preparation.

For best results, do not deviate from the steps

outlined in this drawing.

To assist new mounting port preparation, PCB offers

the 040B20 Tooling Kit (040B21 for metric mount).

These installation kits provide all of the necessary

tooling required to drill, ream, and tap the mounting

ports for proper installation of the 108, 109, 118 and

119 Series transducers.

Use good machining practice in preparation of the

mounting port, paying particular attention to the seal

surface. It is important that this surface be perfectly

smooth and free from tool chatter marks, nicks and

other imperfections which might cause leaks at high

pressures.

3.3 RECESSED MOUNT

The recessed installation is shown in the Recessed

Mount figure. This type of mounting protects the

sensor diaphragm from the effects of high-flash

temperatures and particle impingement due to blast

effects, thereby prolonging sensor life.

The recommended range of passage diameters is

0.090 to 0.125 inch (2.29 to 3.18 mm) diameter.

The limitation in this type of installation lies in the

frequency-limiting effects of the passage due to its

length.

The passage behaves like an underdamped second

order system; the resonant frequency being

determined by the passage length. The length may

have a limiting effect on pressure pulse rise time and

cause passage ringing in cases where the passage is

too long.

Recessed Mount

The following relationship approximates this resonant

frequency (fr):

(Hz)

fr

(EQ. 1)

Where: fr = Resonant frequency of passage (Hz)

V = Velocity of sound in air (ft/sec)

L = Length of column (ft)

For air at room temperature, (EQ. 1) becomes:

0033

fr

(EQ. 2)

Where: L = Passage length (in)

0.010

MIN

Drawing Number: 21110

Revision: B

OPERATION MANUAL FOR

QUARTZ PRESSURE SENSOR

Series 118 & 119

The natural frequency and approximate fastest

pressure step rise time for various length passages is

shown in the following chart. (Medium, air at 25C).

PASSAGE

LENGTH

(in)

PASSAGE

RESONANCE

(kHz)

APPROX.

FASTEST

PULSE RISE

TIME (uSec)

.050

.100

.200

16.5

.50

6.6

1.0

3.3

100

Passage Resonance vs. Passage Length

Actual resonant frequencies measured in practice may

differ slightly from the chart values. These

differences are due to variations in the velocity of

propagation of sound in air caused by changes in

temperature and pressure of the air in the passage.

For best matching of passage to diaphragm, maintain

the 0.010 inch (0.254 mm) clearance ahead of the

diaphragm, as shown in the Recessed Mount figure

on the previous page.

3.4 FLUSH MOUNT

In the flush mount installation, there is no reduced

area passage from the sensor diaphragm to the test

chamber; rather the sensor diaphragm is mounted

flush with (or slightly recessed from) the inside

surface of the test chamber.

Use this type of installation only if space or rise time

considerations preclude the use of recessed

installation.

In severe pyrotechnic environments, sensor life may

be severely limited with flush installation.

3.5 FLASH TEMPERATURE

EFFECTS

The ceramic coating on the diaphragm of these

sensors should render the flash thermal effect

insignificant in most cases, especially when recessed

mounted.

However, if more protection from flash thermal

effects is required with the recessed mount, the

passage can be filled with silicone grease (DC-4 or

equivalent). Several layers of black vinyl electrical

tape directly on the diaphragm have proven effective

in many cases as well.

Flash temperature effects are usually longer term and

will show up as a baseline shift long after the event to

be measured has passed.

For flush mount installations, a silicone rubber

coating approximately 0.010 inch thick can be

effective; GE RTV type 106 is recommended, and is

available from PCB as Model 065A67. Follow

manufacturer’s instructions to apply. It is best to

recess the diaphragm 0.010 inch for this type of

protection.

3.6 INSTALLING CABLES

Use only low-noise treated coaxial cable, such as

PCB 003 Series, to connect the sensor to the charge

amplifier, in-line voltage amplifier, or other high

input impedance readout instrument. To protect the

high impedance connection against moisture and

contamination, shrink tubing or other equivalent

connection protection is recommended. See the

following page for typical circuit connections.

Excessive cable motion can generate noise and

shorten cable life. For this reason, it is important to

support sensor cables by tying them to rigid structures

with adequate strain relief loops.

4.0 CALIBRATION

PCB 118 & 119 Series sensors are supplied with a

calibration certification from the factory.

Recalibration services are provided at the factory for

a nominal fee.

Several charge amplifiers are specially designed for

use with ceramic accelerometers measuring higher

frequencies. In general, this type of charge amplifier

is not suitable for calibration of quartz pressure

sensors by quasi-static means.

Do not attempt to use a charge amplifier which has

less than a 5000 second time constant in the “long

time constant” mode.

Following thermal stabilization of the sensor, use a

high pressure pump with dial reference sensor or a

dead weight tester to apply pressure in desired

increments to full scale. Release pressure after taking

the reading and before proceeding to the next higher

pressure level.

A calibration graph can be plotted using output

voltage vs. input pressure to determine sensitivity and

linearity.

Drawing Number: 21110

Revision: B

OPERATION MANUAL FOR

QUARTZ PRESSURE SENSOR

Series 118 & 119

5.0 OPERATION

Most test set-ups will include 118 & 119 Series

sensors coupled with charge amplifiers, as shown in

the Typical Connection figure below. For

applications where the location of the measurement is

a long distance from where the data must be read, an

in-line amplifier can be used to drive the signal. This

configuration reduces the amount of noise in the data

and can be seen in the Long Distance Connection

figure to the right.

It is important to keep the charge amplifier input

cable as short as practical. Input cable capacitance is

directly related to cable length and is a major factor

in the amount of electrical noise at the output of any

charge amplifier.

Depress the ground button of the charge amplifier and

adjust electrical zero if necessary. Range the

amplifier as required to give the necessary full-scale

voltage.

For normal, drift-free operation, switch the charge

amplifier time constant selector to “medium” or

“short” during use.

Typical Connection

6.0 POLARITY

Since most charge amplifiers are inverting the input

signal, 118 & 119 Series are designed to produce a

negative output voltage for increasing pressure at the

diaphragm.

Special positive output versions are available for use

with our non-inverting ICP®source follower

amplifiers.

ICP®is a registered trademark of PCB Piezotronics

Long Distance Connection

7.0 MAINTENANCE

Regular inspection of the diaphragm, threads, and

connector of the 118 & 119 Series sensors is good

practice.

During use in damp environments or after a period of

storage, the insulation resistance of these sensors may

degrade (1012 ohms is normal). The only maintenance

required on the 118 & 119 Series is cleaning of the

connector to restore insulation resistance.

To restore insulation resistance, wipe the connector

end with a clean cloth or paper towel dipped in

Lenium®or an equivalent solvent, then rinse in

isopropyl alcohol. The sensor should then be placed

in a 250F (120C) oven for several hours. A

vacuum oven, if available, will speed the process.

Contact the factory for further assistance if the

insulation resistance cannot be restored.

IN-LINE

AMPLIFIER

118 & 119

SERIES

LOW-NOISE CABLE

ICP®

POWER SUPPLY

READOUT

COAXIAL

CABLE

118 & 119

SERIES

READOUT

LOW-NOISE CABLE

CHARGE

AMPLIFIER

COAXIAL

CABLE

Indice

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