Peak Electronics Equivalent Series Manuale utente

Atlas ESR Gold

Equivalent Series Resistance and Capacitance Meter

(with high speed capacitance measurement)

Model ESR70G

(Firmware 6.0)

Designed and manufactured with pride in the UK

User Guide

Peak Electronic Design Limited 2004/2021

In the interests of development, information in this guide is subject to change without notice.

E&OE

EN70G-14

ESR70 User Guide November 2021 – Rev 14

Page 2

Want to use it now?

We understand that you want to use your ESR70 right now.

The unit is ready to go and you should have little need to refer to

this user guide, but please make sure that you do at least take a

look at the very important notices on page 4!

Contents Page

Introduction ......................................................................... 3

Important otices ................................................................ 4

otes on ESR ...................................................................... 5

Analysing capacitors ........................................................ 6-8

Typical values of ESR .................................................... 9-10

Audible Alerts ................................................................... 11

Probe Compensation ......................................................... 12

Care of your ESR70 .......................................................... 13

Appendix A – Troubleshooting ......................................... 14

Appendix B – Technical Specifications ............................ 15

Appendix C – Statutory Information ................................. 16

This user guide has been written to accompany the ESR70 meter with revision

6.0 firmware. Other revisions of firmware may differ in operation, features

and specifications. The firmware version is displayed briefly upon power-up.

ESR70 User Guide November 2021 – Rev 14

Page 3

Introduction

The Peak Atlas ESR70 is an advanced instrument designed

specifically for the analysis of capacitor equivalent series resistance

(in or out of circuit). Where possible, capacitance is also displayed.

Summary Features:

 ESR range of 0 to 40 with resolution as low as 0.01.

 Integrated controlled discharge circuitry reduces the need for

the user to manually discharge capacitors before test (see note).

 Use in or out of circuit for ESR and low-ohms resistance

measurement.

 Audible alerts for quick user-feedback of ESR test status.

 Automatic analysis start when a component is detected.

 Automatic and manual power-off.

Gold Features:

 Enhanced capacitance range of 0.3µF to 90,000µF.

 Capacitance over 125µF is now measured at 10x higher current

(20mA instead of 2mA) for rapid measurement.

 ew triple-slope measurement method reduces the influence of

parallel resistance when measuring capacitance in-circuit.

 Improved in-circuit detection.

 Improved ESR measurement with less influence from lead

inductance.

 Improved user-options system.

Note:

The discharge circuitry exists to ensure that a charged capacitor is

less likely to damage the unit. For example, if the capacitor under test

has a potential of a few tens of volts across it, the charge is removed

automatically. It is the user’s responsibility to ensure that any

dangerously charged capacitors are safely discharged before

connection to the unit.

ESR70 User Guide November 2021 – Rev 14

Page 4

Important Notices

Please o serve the following guidelines:

 This instrument must EVER be connected to powered

equipment/components.

 It is the user’s responsibility to ensure that any dangerously

charged capacitors are safely discharged before connection

to the unit.

 To allow the self-protection mechanism to function, always

ensure that the ESR70 has completed any analysis before

connecting the test probes to a component.

 Failure to comply with these warnings may result in

personal injury, damage to the equipment under test,

damage to the ESR70 and invalidation of the manufacturer's

warranty.

 Avoid rough treatment, hard knocks and extreme

temperatures.

 This unit is not waterproof.

ESR70 User Guide November 2021 – Rev 14

Page 5

Notes on ESR

ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance),

as its acronym implies, is the value of

resistance that is effectively in series

with an ideal capacitor.

o capacitor is ideal of course, the detailed equivalent circuit of a typical

capacitor is very complex. For many electrolytic capacitors however, the most

important parameters regarding the capacitor’s performance are the

capacitance and the ESR.

An increase in ESR (due to age, abuse or temperature cycling) can result in

poor capacitor performance. The capacitor becomes less “ideal” and starts to

dissipate more power, an ideal capacitor, of course, dissipates zero power.

Capacitor manufacturers typically quote the ESR of their products at

50-100kHz, which is similar to the test frequency used by the ESR70.

Sometimes, manufacturers quote ESR at 100Hz or 120Hz as the capacitors

may be aimed at rectified mains power applications. ESR is generally not very

frequency dependent however, so it can be reasonably considered equivalent

to readings taken at 50-100kHz.

Note: The ESR70 automatically ignores the reactance of the capacitor. So

although a 1µF capacitor would have a reactance of about 3.2 at 50kHz,

the displayed value of ESR should be the true ESR value (the real bit of

resistance that is in series with the reactance).

ESR

ESR70 User Guide November 2021 – Rev 14

Page 6

Analysing Capacitors

The ESR70 is designed to analyse capacitor ESR in or out of circuit. The two

test probes can be connected to the component any way around. Remember

though that in-circuit testing can result in less accurate readings.

Important: To minimise risk of damage to the unit, make sure that the

ESR70 has completed any previous analysis before attaching the test

probes to the capacitor. This ensures that the built-in protection circuit is

ready for any charge that may be present on the capacitor.

The ESR70 must first be switched on

by briefly pressing the on-test button.

The unit will start a component

analysis when it detects that the open

circuit probes have been applied to a

component or when on-test button is

re-pressed.

If the capacitor is charged (<50V), the

ESR70 will attempt to discharge the

capacitor while showing the progress

of the procedure:

If the ESR70 cannot recognise the

component connected to the test

probes, or the capacitance is out of

range, the following message may be

displayed:

Monitoring for

component...

Open circuit or

low capacitance.

Discharging...

Capacitor V= 23V

Analysing...

ESR70 User Guide November 2021 – Rev 14

Page 7

Analysing Capacitors

continued…

The ESR analysis typically takes around 2 seconds to complete, followed by

up to around 3 seconds for the capacitance measurement (depending on the

characteristics of the capacitor).

As soon as a valid ESR reading has

been obtained, the ESR value is

displayed while the instrument

proceeds to measure the capacitance.

If the presence of external circuitry did

not adversely affect the capacitance

measurement, the capacitor value will

be displayed.

If the capacitance could not be

accurately determined (perhaps it is in-

circuit or a “leaky” capacitor), the

display will only show the value of

ESR measured.

If the instrument cannot detect any

sensible capacitor behaviour, then it

may display this:

It is not necessary to wait for the capacitance measurement to complete if you

are not interested in the capacitance value. If the probes are removed from the

component under test before the

capacitance measurement has

completed, the display will confirm

that the capacitance has not be

measured.

It can be useful to disconnect the probes before the capacitance measurement

has completed if you are wanting to simply check the ESR of multiple

components in succession.

Measuring C...

ES = 0.21

Cap = 476.6µF

ES = 0.21

In-Circuit/Leaky

ES = 0.21

(C not measured)

ES = 0.21

In-Circuit/Short

ES = 0.21

ESR70 User Guide November 2021 – Rev 14

Page 8

Analysing Capacitors

continued…

If ESR exceeds the maximum that can be measured, the display may show:

The ESR measurement range is automatically determined during the analysis.

Typically, the resolution for ESR measurement is as shown in the table below:

ESR Value Automatically

ected test current

Nominal measured

resol

ution

0.00 Ω – 2.00 Ω 20mA 0.01 Ω

2.0 Ω – 20.0 Ω 2mA 0.1 Ω

20.0 Ω – 40.0 Ω 1mA 0.2 Ω

Although the measurement resolution is generally determined by the absolute

value of the ESR (as shown in the above table), low capacitance values can

result in a poorer ESR measurement resolution.

If measuring capacitors connected in parallel, the ESR reading will

effectively be the value of all the ESRs in parallel, not just the ESR of the

capacitor in contact with the probes.

The test current for the capacitance measurement is automatically

determined and will be either 2mA or 20mA.

20mA is typically used if the capacitance is >125μF and if ESR<10Ω.

This is to ensure that the capacitance measurement is high speed even for

very large capacitances whilst also minimising the influence of leakage

current that can be significant with large capacitances.

If 20mA has been used then a *

will appear next to the capacitance.

Cap = 476.6µF

ES = >40.0

In-Circuit/Leaky

ES = >40.0

ESR70 User Guide November 2021 – Rev 14

Page 9

ESR70 User Guide November 2021 – Rev 14

Page 10

Typical Values of ESR

continued…

It is not possible to provide a definitive rule for values of ESR that are

acceptable for all situations. However, a ta le of typical ESR figures for a

range of capacitance and voltage ratings is shown on the previous page.

The expected value of ESR largely depends on the capacitance value and the

voltage rating of the capacitor but also depends on temperature ratings and

other factors. Some capacitors are manufactured to exhibit very low ESR

values, whilst conventional low-cost parts are likely to exhibit higher values

but may still be acceptable.

As a guide only, the following log-scaled graph shows “typical” values of

ESR for a range of different capacitance and voltage ratings.

6.3V

50V

630V

Please note that the figures shown on the previous page are only typical

figures for standard grade electrolytics at room temperature, please verify

readings against expected values for the particular type of capacitor you are

testing.

For any particular capacitance and voltage rating, a lower ESR reading is

generally better than a higher ESR reading. For good quality capacitors it

is common for the ESR readings to be much lower than the figures shown

in the previous table.

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