Thingy AQ Manuale utente

Sensor Node

Quick Start Guide

Thingy:AQ

Wildland Fire Real-Time Monitoring System

*PROTOTYPE DRAFT*

Version 1.0 ● January 9, 2018

Thingy, LLC – Bellevue, WA

Email – support@gothingy.com

www.gothingy.com/WLF

Thingy:AQ Sensor Node Quick Start Guide

Wildland Fire Real-Time Monitoring System – SENSOR NODE PROTOTYPE Version 1.0

Thingy, LLC

10641 SE 25th St

Bellevue, WA 98004

(425) 454-9933

www.gothingy.com

Trademarks

Thingy:AQ Sensor, Thingy:AQ Gateway, and Thingy Wildland Fire Real-Time Monitoring System are

registered trademarks of Thingy, LLC. All other trademarks or registered trademarks are the property

of their respective owners.

Disclaimer

The information provided in this document is provided "as is" without warranty of any kind. Thingy,

LLC disclaims all warranties, either express or implied, including the warranties of merchantability and

fitness for a particular purpose. In no event shall Thingy, LLC be liable for any damages whatsoever

including direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, loss of business profits or special damages, even if

Thingy, LLC or its suppliers have been advised of the possibility of such damages.

Document Lifetime

Thingy, LLC may occasionally update online documentation between releases of the related software

or hardware. Consequently, if this document was not downloaded recently, it may not contain the most

up-to-date information. Please refer to www.gothingy.com/support for the most current information.

From the Web site, you may also download and refresh this document if it has been updated, as

indicated by a change in this date: January 9, 2018.

Where to get help

Thingy, LLC support, product, and licensing information can be obtained as follows.

Product information — Documentation, release notes, software updates, and information about

Thingy, LLC products, licensing, and service, are at our Thingy, LLC website at:

http://www.gothingy.com/WLF

Technical support — Go to http://www.gothingy.com and select Support. On the Support page, you

will see several options, including one for making a service request. Note that to open a service

request, you must have a valid support agreement.

Your comments

Your suggestions will help us continue to improve the accuracy, organization, and overall quality of the

user publications. Please send your opinion of this document to:

feedback@gothingy.com

If you have issues, comments, or questions about specific information or procedures, please include

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Thingy:AQ Sensor Node Quick Start Guide

Wildland Fire Real-Time Monitoring System –PROTOTYPE SENSOR NODE Version 1.0

1Product Overview

Note: The Thingy:AQ real-time air quality monitoring and telemetry system described in this

guide was designed and built to meet the requirements of the InnoCentive Wildland Fire Sensor

Challenge - Challenge ID: 9933927

The system comprises of multiple Sensors Nodes and a Central Receiving Unit.

Communications between the Sensor Nodes and the Central Receiving Unit utilize LoRa (Long

Range Low Power) radio technology that offers a compelling mix of long range and low power

consumption. The system has been designed to be lightweight and easily deployable by a

single, non-specialist operator and to be suitable for harsh environments. The prototype

Thingy:AQ systems contains two main system components:

Thingy:AQ Sensor Nodes. These battery-powered Sensor Nodes (SN) measure air

pollutants including fine particulate matter PM2.5, PM10, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide

and ozone. The Sensor Nodes also measure air temperature, humidity and geo-location

data. A unique System ID identifying the Sensor Node, latitude, longitude and System

Error status are stored on the Sensor Node and are transmitted in real time over long

distance utilizing a LoRa encoded radio link.

Thingy:AQ Central Receiving Unit. The central receiving unit (CRU), a physical

system, receives and centrally records data from multiple remote Sensor Nodes and

provides a USB port for interfacing into third party presentation platforms.

The Sensor Nodes include two 80um stainless steel particulate filters, one on the air inlet and

one on the exhaust from the Sensor Node. These filters limit both the ingress of larger pollutant

material and biological entities. To clean or replace the filters just turn the red filter housing

counter-clockwise to remove. Reverse this process to replace the filters.

1.1 Sensor Node

1.1.1 Sensor Node Overview

The Sensor Node housing incorporates the data logger electronics, a microSD card used for

logging the data, a GPS module for determining location information, a LoRa (Long Range)

radio module and the sensors embedded in a flow chamber. The GPS and LoRa antennas are

mounted directly to the top of the Sensor Node housing.

At the bottom of the Sensor Node housing (figure 1.1) are intake and exhaust filters for the

airflow. Air flow passes through a three-stage bio-mas filter assembly (3mm, 80um, 20um),

through the PM sensor into the sealed flow chamber where the airflow passes above the

remaining gas sensors through to the exhaust filter. The intake is closest to the door and the

exhaust is behind the intake (toward the enclosure back).

The solar/battery/wall power connector is one with the blue cap to the left of the air filters.

Thingy:AQ Sensor Node Quick Start Guide

Wildland Fire Real-Time Monitoring System – SENSOR NODE PROTOTYPE Version 1.0

Figure 1.1 Thingy:AQ Sensor Node Housing with Inlet Air Filter

1.1.2 Sensor Nodes

The Sensor Nodes are designed to record and telemeter data with minimal or no operator

intervention. Once the system has been turned on, it will start measuring sensors, logging the

data and telemetering the data. The scan cycle time defines when the Sensor Node will start a

scan cycle, which involves powering up the particulate matter and CO2 sensors, waiting 15

seconds for the system to stabilize and then commencing a series of sensor measurements,

reading each sensor every 2 seconds multiple times before filtering, averaging, and storing the

data. At the end of the scan sequence, the Sensor Node powers down the sensors, powers up

the radio transmitter, telemeters the data and powers down the radio. The Sensor Node enters

a sleep state until the next scan cycle or input from the operator.

The only operator configurable variable is the Sensor Node Scan Interval (SI) cycle. The value

is stored in non-volatile memory and can be configured for a 1, 2, 5, 15, 20, 30 or 60 minute

scan interval. When the Sensor Node is powered on, it reads the scan interval configuration

from its non-volatile memory and automatically commences operation based on this parameter.

The operator can change this scan interval via the USB serial port on the Sensor Node. If the

Thingy:AQ Sensor Node Quick Start Guide

Wildland Fire Real-Time Monitoring System –PROTOTYPE SENSOR NODE Version 1.0

operator changes the scan interval, the new value is stored in non-volatile memory and

becomes the new power-on default value. The operator can interrogate system status, upload

system logs and upload recorded data via the Sensor Nodes USB interface. The data on the

Sensor Node is logged on the microSD card. The data can be read from this card without

removing the card. When the microSD card is swapped or replaced the system will

automatically commence logging to the media.

1.2 Sensor Node Front Panel

The front panel contains the logger’s ON/OFF switch, a WAKE UP switch, the micro USB socket

and three indicator LEDs; AWAKE, SYS ERROR and TX ERROR.

Figure 1.2 Prototype Sensor Node Front Panel

1.2.1 POWER SWITCH

Turns the Sensor logger on or off.

Thingy:AQ Sensor Node Quick Start Guide

Wildland Fire Real-Time Monitoring System – SENSOR NODE PROTOTYPE Version 1.0

1.2.2 WAKE UP PUSH BUTTON

Wake the sensor up from deep sleep to enable configuration of the system, to upload data,

delete the data and log files etc, When the system is in deep sleep it can be woken up using this

push button by pushing the button for three seconds after which the AWAKE LED will flash

continuously while the logger is awake.

1.2.3 AWAKE LED

The WAKE LED is blue and it provides an indication of three separate states. When the logger

is turned on the blue LED will flash 6 times in rapid succession indication the processor is

operational, after a few seconds, the Power LED will flash approximately 10 times at a slower

rate indication the logger is initializing the hardware. When the initialization process is complete

the Power LED will remain illuminated for several minutes until the system go into deep sleep.

1.2.4 SYS ERROR LED

The SYS Error LED indicates a problem with the logger. This indicates either a problem with the

microSD card, a fault with one or more of the sensors or a low system voltage alarm.

1.2.5 TX ERROR LED

The TX ERROR LED will flash briefly in the event of an unsuccessful transmission of data via

the radio.

1.2.6 MICRO USB CONECTOR

The micro USB connector provides a USB serial interface to the logger. The logger will send

formatted data out of the serial interface at the end of the current scan interval. This interface

provides the user / operator interface to enable the configuration and interrogation of the logger

and to upload data and system log files from the logger to a terminal application.

Thingy:AQ Sensor Node Quick Start Guide

Wildland Fire Real-Time Monitoring System –PROTOTYPE SENSOR NODE Version 1.0

2Installing, Starting and Stopping the

System

2.1 Powering up the system

2.1.1 External Battery Pack and Solar Charger

The Sensor Node Site Logger utilizes an external power supply enclosure (figure 2.1) which is

mounted on the mast (not shown in the picture). This enclosure contains a sealed lead acid

battery (SLA) and a solar charge controller. The battery is connected to the solar charger via a

pair of in-line mating XT30 connectors. The system is shipped with the battery disconnected.

To connect the battery, open the enclosure door and connect the XT30 connectors (see figure

2.2a).

Figure 2.1 Thingy:AQ Sensor Node Battery Enclosure

Thingy:AQ Sensor Node Quick Start Guide

Wildland Fire Real-Time Monitoring System – SENSOR NODE PROTOTYPE Version 1.0

Figure 2.2a Thingy:AQ XC30 Connectors

2.1.2 Wall (AC) Power Option

The Sensor Node can also be powered with the supplied AC power supply and 2.1mm DC

power connector (see figure 2.2b). In this case you will not use the external battery pack.

Connect the supplied AC power supply (15VDC out to a 2.1mm barrel connector) to the power

adapter labeled WLF-Wall-Power. Then attach the adapter to the sensor housing connector.

The system is now ready to be powered on. Note in this configuration the sensor will not

operate without Wall power.

Figure 2.2a Thingy:AQ XC30 Connectors

2.2 Preparing the Sensor Node for Deployment

1. Mount the battery housing to the mast (if required)

2. Open the battery housing, connect the battery, close the battery housing

Thingy:AQ Sensor Node Quick Start Guide

Wildland Fire Real-Time Monitoring System –PROTOTYPE SENSOR NODE Version 1.0

3. Mount the Sensor Node enclosure with the provided mounting hardware on the

collapsible mast

4. Raise the mast to the required height

5. Open the Sensor Node logger enclosure

6. Open the front panel

7. Install a newly formatted microSD card into the microSD card socket

8. Close the front panel

9. Plug in either the battery housing, if fitted, or an external power supply

10. Turn on the logger via the ON/OFF push button switch.

11. If necessary, connect to via the USB port and configure the desired scan interval

12. Close the enclosure cover

2.3 Connecting to the Sensor Node Logger

When the operator connects to the USB interface it will be enumerated on the PC as a Silicon

Labs CP2102 USB-to-Serial port adapter. Modern operating systems, such as Windows 10,

include the required driver to recognize the USB interface as a serial device and to create a

logical serial port.

A quick way of determining the serial port in use on the PC is to inspect the PC’s serial port

table immediately before and immediately after plugging into the logger and noting the Comm

port number (Comm xx) of the newly creates device. Figures 2.3 is a screen capture of

Window’s Device Manager on Windows 10 showing a newly created Comm port (in this case

Comm20).

Thingy:AQ Sensor Node Quick Start Guide

Wildland Fire Real-Time Monitoring System – SENSOR NODE PROTOTYPE Version 1.0

Figure 2.3 Windows Device Manager after plugging in the Sensor Node

2.3.1 Configuring the Terminal application

When using a PC, open your preferred terminal application and configure the terminal

application to use the newly created serial port and to select local echo mode.

If you do not have a suitable terminal application these are several freeware terminal

applications available. One example for Windows is Putty (figure 2.4) which can be downloaded

here: www.putty.org

Figure 2.4 Putty Terminal Program for Windows

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