ThinkRF R5500 Manuale

ThinkRF R5500

Real Time Spectrum Analyzer

Programmer's Guide

Version 4.2.0

August 28 20 7

Document no. 75-0025- 70828

All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.

This document contains information that is proprietary to ThinkRF Corporation.

Important notice

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guide is furnished for

informational use only

and is subject to change

without notice. ThinkRF

Corporation assumes no

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for any errors or

inaccuracies that may

appear in this document.

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purpose, without the

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of ThinkRF Corporation.

Trademarks

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logo and R5500 are

trademarks of ThinkRF

Corporation.

The following are

trademarks or registered

trademarks of their

respective companies or

owners:

Windows, Windows XP /

Microsoft Corporation

All other brand or

product names are

trademarks or registered

trademarks of their

respective companies or

owners.

ThinkRF Corp

390 March Road

Kanata, ON K2K 0G7

(6 3) 369-5 04

HARDWARE WARRANTY AND LIMITATI N F LIABILITY

Read this warranty carefully before you use the product.

WSA5000 and R5500 Real Time Spectrum Analyzers are warranted for

workmanship and materials for a period of one ( ) year from the date of shipment as

identified by the Customer’s packing slip or carrier waybill. ThinkRF reserves the

right to void the warranty on any equipment that has been altered or damaged due

to Customer negligence, unauthorized repair, misuse of equipment, evidence of

physical or environmental damage, transportation abuse or removal of any ThinkRF

identification labels or serial numbers.

It will remain the responsibility of the Customer, having obtained a Return Material

Authorization (RMA) and shipping instructions from ThinkRF, to return, at the

Customer's expense, the defective unit to ThinkRF’s repair facilities. ThinkRF will

incur shipping charges for the return of warranty repaired equipment. The RMA

number can be secured by calling ThinkRF Customer Service and Support ( -6 3-

369-5 04). If the product does not fall within ThinkRF’s warranty period or the

product is found to be functioning as designed, then under the terms of ThinkRF’s

warranty policy, all costs of repairs and shipping will be charged directly to the

Customer. ThinkRF will warrant repaired units for a period of 90 days from date of

shipment from ThinkRF to the Customer. If the remaining period on the original

hardware warranty is greater than 30 days, then ThinkRF will honor this remaining

warranty period.

THINKRF EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL OTHER WARRANTIES AND

CONDITIONS, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT

LIMITATION, WARRANTIES, CONDITIONS OR REPRESENTATIONS OF

WORKMANSHIP, MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR

PURPOSE, DURABILITY, OR THAT THE OPERATION OF THE HARDWARE OR

LICENSED SOFTWARE WILL BE ERROR FREE. IN NO EVENT WILL THINKRF

BE LIABLE FOR INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL

DAMAGES.

USE F PR DUCTS IN HIGH RISK ACTIVITIES

THINKRF PRODUCTS ARE INTENDED FOR STANDARD INDOOR COMMERCIAL

USE. WITHOUT THE APPROPRIATE NETWORK DESIGN ENGINEERING, THEY

MUST NOT BE USED FOR ANY “HIGH RISK ACTIVITY”, as described in this

paragraph. Customer acknowledges and agrees that the products supplied

hereunder are not fault-tolerant and are not designed, manufactured or intended for

use or resale as on-line control equipment in hazardous environments requiring fail

safe performance including but not limited to the operation of nuclear facilities,

aircraft navigation or communication systems, air traffic control, direct life support

machines, or weapons systems, in which the failure of products could lead directly to

death, personal injury, or severe physical or environmental damage, all of which are

examples of “High Risk Activity”. THINKRF AND ITS SUPPLIERS EXPRESSLY

DISCLAIM ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR HIGH

RISK ACTIVITIES.

GNU General Public License

This device contains free firmware: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the

terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software

Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This

program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY

WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or

FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License

for more details. GNU General Public License is available at

http://www.gnu.org/licenses.

Table of Contents

Abbreviations ................................................................................................................................... 7

List of Figures .................................................................................................................................. 8

List of Tables .................................................................................................................................... 9

Preface ............................................................................................................................................... 10

Audience .................................................................................................................................... 10

Conventions .............................................................................................................................. 10

btaining Documentation and Releases ........................................................................... 10

Document Feedback ............................................................................................................... 11

btaining Technical Assistance .......................................................................................... 11

R5500 Functional verview .................................................................................................... 12

System verview ..................................................................................................................... 12

The Architecture ...................................................................................................................... 15

RF Receiver Front-End ........................................................................................................... 16

Direct-Conversion Receiver Technology .............................................................................. 7

DC Offset Correction ...................................................................................................... 7

IQ Offset Correction ........................................................................................................ 7

Digital Signal Processing ...................................................................................................... 19

Digital Down Converter ......................................................................................................... 9

Triggers ...................................................................................................................................... 20

Frequency Domain Triggering .............................................................................................. 20

Periodic Triggering ................................................................................................................ 2

External Triggering ............................................................................................................... 2

Capture Controller ................................................................................................................... 22

Trace Capture Control .......................................................................................................... 22

Sweep Capture Control ........................................................................................................ 23

Synchronized Sweep ............................................................................................................ 24

VITA-49 Radio Transport Protocol ...................................................................................... 26

Purpose ...................................................................................................................................... 26

R5500's VRT verview ........................................................................................................... 26

Packet Classes and Streams ................................................................................................ 27

Receiver Context Packet Class ............................................................................................ 27

Context Field Change Indicator ...................................................................................... 29

RF Reference Frequency ............................................................................................... 29

Gain ................................................................................................................................ 29

Temperature ................................................................................................................... 29

Digitizer Context Packet Class ............................................................................................. 30

Context Field Change Indicator ...................................................................................... 3

Bandwidth ....................................................................................................................... 3

Reference Level ............................................................................................................. 3

RF Frequency Offset ...................................................................................................... 32

Extension Context Packet Class ........................................................................................... 32

Context Field Change Indicator ...................................................................................... 34

IQ Swapped Indicator ..................................................................................................... 34

New Stream Start ID ....................................................................................................... 34

New Sweep Start ID ....................................................................................................... 34

IF Data Packet Class ............................................................................................................ 34

Picosecond Timestamp Words Format ........................................................................... 36

Data Payload Format ...................................................................................................... 36

Trailer Word Format ....................................................................................................... 37

SCPI Command Set ..................................................................................................................... 40

SCPI Language verview ...................................................................................................... 40

IEEE Mandated SCPI Commands ........................................................................................ 41

*CLS ..................................................................................................................................... 4

*ESE/*ESE? ......................................................................................................................... 4

*ESR? ................................................................................................................................... 42

*IDN? .................................................................................................................................... 42

*OPC/*OPC? ........................................................................................................................ 42

*RST ..................................................................................................................................... 42

*SRE/*SRE? ......................................................................................................................... 43

*STB? ................................................................................................................................... 43

*TST? ................................................................................................................................... 43

*WAI ..................................................................................................................................... 44

SYSTem Commands ............................................................................................................... 44

:SYSTem:ABORt .................................................................................................................. 44

:SYSTem:CAPTure:MODE? ................................................................................................. 44

:SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:APPLy ................................................................................... 44

:SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:CONFigure ........................................................................... 45

:SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:DNS ...................................................................................... 45

:SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:GATEway ............................................................................. 46

:SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:IP .......................................................................................... 46

:SYSTem:COMMunicate:LAN:NETMask .............................................................................. 47

:SYSTem:COMMunicate:NTP .............................................................................................. 47

:SYSTem:ERRor[:NEXT]? .................................................................................................... 48

:SYSTem:ERRor:ALL? ......................................................................................................... 48

:SYSTem:FLUSh .................................................................................................................. 48

:SYSTem:LOCK:HAVE? ....................................................................................................... 49

:SYSTem:LOCK:REQuest? .................................................................................................. 49

:SYSTem:OPTions? ............................................................................................................. 50

:SYSTem:SYNC:MASTer ..................................................................................................... 50

:SYSTem:SYNC:WAIT ......................................................................................................... 5

:SYSTem:VERSion? ............................................................................................................. 5

:SYSTem:DATE .................................................................................................................... 5

:SYSTem:TIME ..................................................................................................................... 52

:SYSTem:TIME:ADJust ........................................................................................................ 52

:SYSTem:TIME:SYNC .......................................................................................................... 52

:SYSTem:TIME:SYNC:STATus? .......................................................................................... 53

STATus Commands ................................................................................................................ 54

:STATus:OPERation[:EVENt]? ............................................................................................. 55

:STATus:OPERation:CONDition? ......................................................................................... 55

:STATus:OPERation:ENABle ............................................................................................... 56

:STATus:PRESET ................................................................................................................ 56

:STATus:QUEStionable[:EVENt]? ........................................................................................ 56

:STATus:QUEStionable:CONDition? .................................................................................... 56

:STATus:QUEStionable:ENABle .......................................................................................... 57

:STATus:TEMPerature? ....................................................................................................... 57

INPut Commands ..................................................................................................................... 58

:INPut:ATTenuator ................................................................................................................ 58

:INPut:ATTenuator:VARiable ................................................................................................ 58

:INPut:GAIN .......................................................................................................................... 58

:INPut:GAIN:HDR ................................................................................................................. 59

:INPut:MODE ........................................................................................................................ 60

S URce Commands ............................................................................................................... 60

:SOURce:REFerence:PLL .................................................................................................... 60

:SOURce:REFerence:PLL:RESET ....................................................................................... 6

SENSe Commands .................................................................................................................. 61

[:SENSe]:DECimation ........................................................................................................... 6

[:SENSe]:FREQuency:CENTer ............................................................................................ 62

[:SENSe]:FREQuency:IF? .................................................................................................... 62

[:SENSe]:FREQuency:INVersion? ........................................................................................ 63

[:SENSe]:FREQuency:LOSCillator? ..................................................................................... 63

[:SENSe]:FREQuency:SHIFt ................................................................................................ 64

[:SENSe]:LOCK:REFerence? ............................................................................................... 64

[:SENSe]:LOCK:RF? ............................................................................................................ 65

UTput Commands ................................................................................................................ 65

:OUTput:MODE .................................................................................................................... 65

TRIGger Commands ............................................................................................................... 66

:TRIGger:TYPE .................................................................................................................... 66

:TRIGger:LEVel .................................................................................................................... 66

:TRIGger:PERiodic ............................................................................................................... 67

TRACe Commands .................................................................................................................. 67

:TRACe:BLOCk:DATA? ........................................................................................................ 68

:TRACe:BLOCk:PACKets ..................................................................................................... 69

:TRACe:SPPacket ................................................................................................................ 69

:TRACe:STReam:STARt ...................................................................................................... 70

:TRACe:STReam:STOP ....................................................................................................... 7

SWEep Commands ................................................................................................................. 71

:SWEep:LIST:ITERations ..................................................................................................... 72

:SWEep:LIST:STARt ............................................................................................................ 72

:SWEep:LIST:STATus? ........................................................................................................ 73

:SWEep:LIST:STOP ............................................................................................................. 73

:SWEep:ENTRy:COPY ......................................................................................................... 73

:SWEep:ENTRy:COUNt? ..................................................................................................... 74

:SWEep:ENTRy:DELETE ..................................................................................................... 74

:SWEep:ENTRy:NEW ........................................................................................................... 74

:SWEep:ENTRy:READ? ....................................................................................................... 75

:SWEep:ENTRy:SAVE ......................................................................................................... 75

:SWEep:ENTRy:ATTenuator ................................................................................................ 75

:SWEep:ENTRy:ATTenuator:VARiable ................................................................................ 76

:SWEep:ENTRy:DECimation ................................................................................................ 76

:SWEep:ENTRy:FREQuency:CENTer .................................................................................. 76

:SWEep:ENTRy:FREQuency:STEP ..................................................................................... 76

:SWEep:ENTRy:FREQuency:SHIFt ..................................................................................... 77

:SWEep:ENTRy:GAIN:HDR ................................................................................................. 77

:SWEep:ENTRy:MODE ........................................................................................................ 77

:SWEep:ENTRy:DWELl ........................................................................................................ 77

:SWEep:ENTRy:PPBlock ..................................................................................................... 78

:SWEep:ENTRy:SPPacket ................................................................................................... 78

:SWEep:ENTRy:TRIGger:LEVel ........................................................................................... 78

:SWEep:ENTRy:TRIGger:TYPE ........................................................................................... 78

Appendix A: Connecting to RTSA ..................................................................................... 79

Appendix B: Protocol for Discovering RTSA .............................................................. 80

Appendix C: SCPI Command Syntax ............................................................................... 81

Entering Commands ............................................................................................................... 81

Notation ..................................................................................................................................... 82

Parameter types ....................................................................................................................... 82

Default Units ............................................................................................................................. 83

Appendix D: SCPI Status and Event Registers .......................................................... 84

Status Byte Register (SBR) ................................................................................................... 84

Standard Event Status Register (ESR) ............................................................................... 84

perational Status ( SR) Register ..................................................................................... 85

utput Queue ........................................................................................................................... 85

Error and Event Queue ........................................................................................................... 85

Appendix E: SCPI Error Codes Used ............................................................................... 86

Appendix F: SCPI Commands Quick Reference ....................................................... 87

WSA5000 vs. R5500 List of Changes ................................................................................ 92

References ....................................................................................................................................... 93

Document Revision History ................................................................................................... 94

Abbreviations

ADC Analog-to-Digital Converter

API Application Programming Interface

CIC Cascaded Integrator-Comb

DC Direct Current

DD Direct Digitizer

DDC Digital Down Converter

DDS Direct Digital Synthesizer

DSP Digital Signal Processing

FFT Fast Fourier Transform

FIR Finite Impulse Response

FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array

GPI General Purpose Input/Output

HDR High Dynamic Range

HIF High Intermediate Frequency

IBW Instantaneous Bandwidth

IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

IF Intermediate Frequency

IQ In-phase and Quadrature

LAN Local Area Network

MB Mega-Bytes

MSB Most Significant Byte

MSa Mega-Samples

NB Narrowband

NC Numerically Controlled Oscillator

PLL Phase-Locked Loop

RF Radio Frequency

RFE Receiver Front-End

RTSA Real Time Spectrum Analyzer

Sa/s Samples-per-Second

SCPI Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments

SH Super-Heterodyne

SHN Super-Heterodyne with narrower bandwidth

TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

TD Time Domain

TSF TimeStamp-Fractional

TSI TimeStamp-Integer

TSM TimeStamp Mode

UTC Coordinated Universal Time

VC Voltage Control Oscillator

VRT VITA-49 Radio Transport

WB Wideband

ZIF Zero Intermediate Frequency

List of Figures

Figure : R5500 Functional Block Diagram ............................................................................................ 3

Figure 2: RF Receiver Front-end and Capture Controller Functional Block Diagram .............................. 5

Figure 3: DC Offset with Amplitude Roll-Off at +50MHz ......................................................................... 7

Figure 4: IQ Offset Correction ................................................................................................................. 8

Figure 5: DDC Functional Block Diagram ............................................................................................... 9

Figure 6: Association between Time and Frequency Domain ................................................................. 2

Figure 7: Synchronized Sweep using Sync-Word ................................................................................... 25

Figure 8: Synchronized Sweep with a Missed Capture ........................................................................... 25

Figure 9: Connectivity and 4 Different Packet Streams Supported by R5500 ......................................... 26

Figure 0: An Example Illustrating Uninverted and Inverted Spectrums ................................................. 39

Figure : SCPI Language Hierarchical or Tree Structure Example ....................................................... 40

Figure 2: SCPI Measurement Function Block ....................................................................................... 4

Figure 3: Status Reporting Structure with Status & Enable Registers ................................................... 54

List of Tables

Table : System Level Control/Status Commands .................................................................................. 3

Table 2: Radio RFE Modes and DSP Data Output Formats ................................................................... 6

Table 3: RF Front-End Control/Status Commands ................................................................................. 8

Table 4: Trigger Control/Status Commands ............................................................................................ 2

Table 5: Trace Capture Control Commands ........................................................................................... 22

Table 6: Sweep Capture Control/Status Interface ................................................................................... 23

Table 7: The Categories of VRT Packet Streams Supported by ThinkRF's R5500 ................................ 26

Table 8: A List of Stream Identifiers As Used by ThinkRF for Different Packet Classes ......................... 27

Table 9: Receiver Context Packet Class Structure ................................................................................. 28

Table 0: Receiver Context Indicator Field Positions .............................................................................. 28

Table : Receiver Context Field Definition and Values ......................................................................... 28

Table 2: RF Reference Frequency Word Format .................................................................................. 29

Table 3: Gain Field Format ................................................................................................................... 29

Table 4: Temperature Field Format ...................................................................................................... 29

Table 5: Digitizer Context Packet Class Structure ................................................................................ 30

Table 6: Digitizer Context Indicator Field Bit Positions .......................................................................... 30

Table 7: Digitizer Context Field Values ................................................................................................. 3

Table 8: Bandwidth Word Format ......................................................................................................... 3

Table 9: Reference Level Field Format ................................................................................................. 32

Table 20: RF Frequency Offset Word Format ......................................................................................... 32

Table 2 : Extension Context Packet Class Structure .............................................................................. 33

Table 22: Extension Context Indicator Field Positions ............................................................................ 33

Table 23: Receiver Context Field Definition and Values ......................................................................... 33

Table 24: New Stream Start ID Field Format .......................................................................................... 34

Table 25: New Sweep Start ID Field Format ........................................................................................... 34

Table 26: Output Data Width and Packing Method for Different Data Formats ....................................... 35

Table 27: IF Data Class Field Values ...................................................................................................... 35

Table 28: Stream Identifier Values for Different Data Output Formats .................................................... 35

Table 29: 64-bit or Two Words Picosecond Timestamp Format ............................................................. 36

Table 30: {I 4Q 4} Data Payload Arrangement with Upper 2-bit of Each Item Signed Extended to {I 6

Q 6} ........................................................................................................................................ 36

Table 3 : {I 4} Data Payload Arrangement with Upper 2-bit Signed Extended to {I 6} .......................... 37

Table 32: {I24} Data Payload Arrangement with Upper 8-bit Signed Extended to {I32} .......................... 37

Table 33: Trailer Word Format ................................................................................................................ 37

Table 34: Trailer Indicator and Enable Bits ............................................................................................. 38

Table 35: Conditions Causing Abnormal Indicator State and Suggested Resolution .............................. 39

Table 36: RTSA Option Codes and the Corresponding Description ....................................................... 50

Table 37: Performance of The Gain Settings of R5500-4 8, 427 and Their Variants ............................. 59

Table 38: Maximum Threshold Level Where +/-3 dBm Error or Less Still Hold For A Given Attenuation

Level ....................................................................................................................................... 67

Table 39: Max, Min, and Required Multiples for SPP and Samples-per-word for Different Data Output

Format .................................................................................................................................... 70

Preface

This preface describes the audience for, the organization of, and conventions used in this

document. It also identifies related documentation and explains how to access electronic

documentation.

Audience

This document is written for software developers wishing to develop and/or maintain a

software interface to the R5500 and who have a basic understanding, familiarity and

experience with network test and measurement equipment.

Conventions

This section describes the conventions used in this document.

Grayed-out Font

Indicates a command or a feature is not yet available in the current release.

Courier Font

Illustrates this is an example for a command or a concept.

Light Blue Font

Contains hyperlink to the referenced source that can be clicked on.

Normal Bold Font

When used within a sentence or a paragraph, it emphasizes an idea to be paid attention

to particularly.

Red Font

Conveys special information of that section.

Note: This symbol means take note. Notes contain helpful suggestions or references to

additional information and material.

Caution: This symbol means be careful. In this situation, you might do something that

could result in equipment damage or loss of data.

Warning: This symbol means danger. You are in a situation that could cause bodily

injury. Before you work on any equipment, be aware of the hazards involved with

electrical circuitry and be familiar with the standard practices for preventing accidents.

btaining Documentation and Releases

You can access the most current ThinkRF documentation and the latest release bundles

at http://www.thinkrf.com/resources.

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