Extech Instruments PM200 Manuale utente

User's Guide

PM200

Fiber Optic Power Meter

Introduction

Congratulations on your purchase of the Extech PM200 Fiber Optic Power Meter. The

PM200 is a high accuracy high resolution optical power meter. It is NIST traceable at

850, 1300, 1310 and 1550nm making it ideal for both single-mode and multimode fiber

testing. The PM200 can store up to 100 measured datapoints. This stored data can be

downloaded via the software to produce formatted certification reports. Careful use of

this meter will provide years of reliable service.

PM200 V1.0 11/04

Table of Contents

Specifications 3

Description 4

Operation 6

1.0 Applications 6

1.1 Precautions 6

1.1.1 Safety 6

1.1.2 Operational 6

1.2 Required Accessories 6

1.2.1 Cleaning Supplies 6

1.2.2 Patch Cords 6

1.2.3 Optical Fiber Adaptors 6

1.3 Typical Applications 7

1.3.1 Optical Power Measurement 7

1.3.2 Optical Loss Measurement 7

1.4 Optical Power Measurement 8

1.5 Optical Loss Measurement (Set Reference) 9

1.6 Optical Loss Measurement 10

1.7 Data Storage 11

1.8 Downloading Data into PC with Reporter Software 12

1.8.1 Standard Selection 13

1.8.2 Fiber Type Selection 14

1.8.3 Fiber Length Input 15

1.8.4 Connectors and Splices Input 16

1.8.5 Company Selection 17

1.8.6 Name Input 18

1.8.7 Summary View 19

1.8.8 Report Printing 19

1.8.9 Example Printout 20

1.9 Clearing Data 21

2.0 PC Based Meter Control 22

3.0 Battery Replacement 23

4.0 PM200 Data Storage Error Codes 23

Warranty 24

PM200 V1.0 11/04

Specifications

Optical Specifications

Detector Type Germanium (Ge)

Calibrated Wavelengths (nm) 850, 1300, 1310, 1550

Measurement Range (dBm) +5 to -60

Accuracy (dB) ±0.15

Resolution (dB) 0.01

General Specifications

Battery Life 100+ hours (9-volt)

Optical Connector 2.5mm universal

Data Storage up to 100 storage points

Download DB-9 serial

Software Reporter

Dimensions 4.94 x 2.75 x 1.28 in

Weight (with battery) 10 ounces

PM200 V1.0 11/04

Meter Description

1. Battery Charging Port

2. Download Port

3. Detector Port

4. Tone Mode

5. Power Reading

6. Battery Indicator

7. Data Indicator.

8. Units Indicator

9. Wavelength Indicator

10. SAVE / DOWNLOAD button

11. ON / OFF / Backlight button

12. λ/ AUTO button

13. UNITS / ZERO button

-20.28

1310

123

PM200 V1.0 11/04

1. Battery Charging Port - If rechargeable 9-volt batteries are used in the PM200, the

battery charging port is used to re-charge them when used with an approved wall

transformer. NOTE: DO NOT USE BATTERYCHARGING PORT WITH NON-

RECHARGEABLEBATTERIES. THERE IS THE POTENTIAL FOREXPLOSION

AND DAMAGE MAY OCCUR TO THE UNITAND/OR THE USER.

2. Download Port - The download port is used to download stored data into a PC via

the supplied serial cable.

3. Detector Port - The detector port is a fixed 2.5mm universal port, and connects to

ST, SC, or FC connectors equally well without any loss of accuracy. There is no

need to change or maintain expensive adapter caps.

4. Tone Mode - When ‘Hz’ is visible on the display, the PM200 is checking for the

presence of a modulated optical signal. These modulated signals are used to

automatically switch wavelengths when they are sent by an OWL light source with

modulation capability.

5. Power Reading - The power reading displays the level of optical power being

received by the photo detector, and is displayed in either dBm, dB, milliwatts, or

microwatts.

6. Battery Indicator - The battery indicator shows the amount of life is remaining in the

battery. Also, when the battery recharger is in use, the bars in the battery icon are

animated to show that the recharger is active.

7. Data Indicator - This icon shows whether there is data stored in the PM200.

8. Units Indicator - The units indicator shows which units are being currently displayed.

Units are shown in either dBm, dB, uW, or mW.

9. Wavelength Indicator - The wavelength indicator shows the currently selected

wavelength in nanometers (nm).

10. SAVE / DOWNLOAD button - To store a data point, press this button. Hold the

button to down load data points in comma-delimited format. This button can also be

used to erase all stored data if it is held while the meter is being powered ON.

11. ON / OFF / Backlight button - When the unit is off, press this button to power on.

When the unit is on, press this button to toggle the backlight on and off. When the

unit is on, hold this button to power off.

12. λ/ AUTO button - Press this button to change wavelengths. Hold this button to set

the meter in AUTO mode. AUTO mode scans incoming power for modulated optical

signals, and switches wave lengths automatically when a corresponding modulated

signal is received (for use with WaveSource light sources only.)

13. UNITS / ZERO button - Press this button to change display units - either dBm, dB,

uW or mW. Holding this button will set a ZERO reference for the currently selected

wavelength.

PM200 V1.0 11/04

Operation

1.0 Applications

1.1 Precautions

1.1.1 Safety - Caution must be exercised when working with optical equipment.

Most transmission equipment and light sources use light that is invisible to the

human eye. High energy light is potentially dangerous, and can cause serious,

irreparable damage to the eye. Thus, it is recommended to look into the connector

port of a light source or the end of a fiber.

1.1.2 Operational - In order to ensure accurate and reliable readings, it is vitally

important to clean ferrules containing optical fibers and optical connector ports. If

dirt, dust, and oil is allowed to build up inside connector ports, this may scratch the

surface of the photodetector, producing erroneous results. Replace dust caps after

each use.

1.1.3 Operational - In order to ensure accurate and reliable readings, it is vitally

important to clean ferrules containing optical fibers and optical connector ports. If

dirt, dust, and oil is allowed to build up inside connector ports, this may scratch the

surface of the photodetector, producing erroneous results. Replace dust caps after

each use.

1.2 Required Accessories

1.2.1 Cleaning Supplies - It is recommended to clean fiber ferrules before each

insertion with 99% or better isopropyl alcohol and a lint free cloth. A can of

compressed air should be available to dry off the connector after wiping, and to

blow out dust from bulkheads.

1.2.2 Patch Cords - Patch cords may be needed to connect the PM200 to the

system under test. The connector styles on the patch cord must match the type on

the PM200 and the type of the system under test.

1.2.3 Optical Fiber Adapters - Optical fiber adapters are used to connect two

connectorized fibers together, and may be necessary to adapt your patch cords to

the system under test.

PM200 V1.0 11/04

1.3 Typical Applications

PM200 test kits can be used as diagnostic and measurement tools of optical

transmission systems and fiber optic links. These applications can be found in several

industries, including premise, LAN, CATV, and Telco.

Two types of measurements are possible with the PM200 optical power meter: optical

power and optical loss.

1.3.1 Optical Power Measurement - When displaying power in dBm mode, the

PM200 will measure the absolute amount of power being received in the 2.5mm

Universal detector port. Absolute power is shown in dBm (decibels referenced to a

milliwatt), meaning the power being received by the photodetector is compared to 1

milliwatt of optical energy. Optical power measurement is useful for checking the

output power and/or stability of an optical transmission system or stabilized fiber

optic light sources.

1.3.2 Optical Loss Measurement - When displaying power in dB mode, the PM200

can be used to measure the optical power through a fiber optic link relative to an

optical reference point. Setting a reference point is also known as “zeroing” the

meter with a light source. Optical loss measurements are useful for measuring the

attenuation, or loss, of a fiber link. The loss value can then be compared to a pre-

calculated link budget, which is used to determine if the fiber link will operate within

the parameters of the transmission equipment.

The formula for calculating loss in a fiber link is: L = P - P a r

where L is the amount of optical loss in dB, P is the absolute power in dbm, and P

is the reference power in a r dBm.

Optical loss measurements can also be used for fiber optic link certification. Link

certification is a process where optical loss measurements are compared to a link

budget calculated using fiber optic cabling standards.

Data stored in the PM200 can be downloaded into the Reporter certification report

software. Fiber optic links can be certified against one of several popular fiber optic

cabling standards or one of two user configurable standards. Many fiber optic

installation bids are requiring certification reports, which makes the PM200 an

invaluable tool for fiber optic professionals.

PM200 V1.0 11/04

1.4 Optical Power Measurement

a) Connect the PM200 to the

equipment under test (EUT). In the

example below, the EUT is a fiber

optic light source.

b) Power on the EUT, set it to the

desired wavelength, and allow it to

stabilize.

c) Power on the PM200, and set it to

match the wavelength of the EUT.

d) Set the units to dBm. The resultant

reading is the output power. (The

example in Figure 2 shows an

optical output power of -20.58 dBm).

This reading should be within the light

source manufacturer’s specified power

level. If the reading is not within the

specification, clean and check the

connections and take another

measurement.

Figure 2

-20.58

1310 nm

dBm

PM200

PM200 V1.0 11/04

1.5 Optical Loss Measurement (Set Reference)

Two patch cords are required for this procedure - one for the meter side and one for the

light source side.

a) Connect the PM200 to a light source using the first patch cord.

b) Power on the light source and allow it to stabilize according to the manufacturer’s

specifications.

c) Power on the PM200, and set it to match the current wavelength of the light

source.

d) Check to make sure the power level displayed on the PM200 is approximately

equal to the calibrated power level of the light source (see Figure 2 on the previous

page). If it is good, then remove it from the PM200 and light source and set it aside.

This will be the patch cord for the meter side.

e) Connect the other patch cord to the

PM200 and light source as shown in

Figure 3. The example shows a

reference setting procedure for

multimode light sources. Notice the

insertion of a 1/2” mandrel. Mandrels

are used to achieve EMD (Equilibrium

Mode Distribution) when setting the

reference from a multimode light

source. EMD is achieved by wrapping

the reference patch cord around the

mandrel 5-7 times. Single-mode

sources do not require a mandrel.

f) Press the λ/ AUTO button on the

PM200 to set it to the desired

wavelength.

g) Set the light source to the match the

wavelength on the PM200.

h) Press and hold the UNITS / ZERO

button on the PM200. This will set the

reference for the currently selected

wavelength. The display will switch to

show dB units, and should show

approximately 0.00 dB.

If there is a second wavelength to ‘zero’, repeat steps f through h. The indicator LED will

change colors for the second wavelength.

The PM200 is now ‘zeroed’, and is ready to test fiber links.

NOTE: DO NOT REMOVE THE PATCH CORD FROM THE LIGHT SOURCE, AS THIS

WILL MAKE THE OPTICAL REFERENCE INVALID.

0.00

1310

PM200

½” MANDREL

Figure 3

PM200 V1.0 11/04

1.6 Optical Loss Measurement

a) Leaving the patch cord attached to the light

source, remove the patch cord from the PM200

optical power meter.

b) Connect the PM200 and light source to opposite

ends of the link under test.

c) The PM200 will show the amount of loss in the

link (in dB). Figure 4 shows a power level of -2.45

dB. This means that the optical power being

received by the meter is 2.45 dB below the

optical reference, which is the same as saying

there is 2.45 dB of optical loss in the link.

Optical loss measurements are compared to a pre-

calculated link budget. If the optical loss does not

exceed the link budget calculation, the link will

perform as installed within the specifications

shown on the link budget.

-2.45

1310

PM200

PATCH PANELSPATCH PANELS

LINK UNDER TEST

Figure 4

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