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Document Number: TWR-KW2xDxxxHWRM

Rev. 0.2

10/2013

Tower KW2xDxxx Hardware

Reference Manual

How to Reach Us:

Home Page:

www.freescale.com

E-mail:

support@freescale.com

Information in this document is provided solely to enable system and software implementers to use

Freescale Semiconductor products. There are no express or implied copyright licenses granted

hereundertodesignor fabricateany integratedcircuitsorintegratedcircuitsbased ontheinformation

in this document.

Freescale Semiconductor reservesthe right to make changes without further notice to any products

herein. Freescale Semiconductor makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the

suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Freescale Semiconductor assume any

liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any

andallliability,includingwithoutlimitationconsequentialorincidentaldamages.“Typical”parameters

that may be provided in Freescale Semiconductor data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary

in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters,

including “Typicals”, must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical

experts. Freescale Semiconductor does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights

of others. Freescale Semiconductor products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as

components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to

supportorsustainlife,orfor any otherapplicationinwhichthe failure of theFreescaleSemiconductor

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or use Freescale Semiconductor products for any such unintended or unauthorized application,

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reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death

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Freescale™ and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All other

product or service names are the property of their respective owners.

© Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. 2013. All rights reserved.

Tower MKW2xDxxx Hardware Reference Manual, Rev. 0.2

Freescale Semiconductor iii

Contents

Chapter 1

Safety Information

1.1 FCC Guidelines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

1.1.1 Labeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

1.1.2 Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

1.1.3 Exposure Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

1.1.4 Antenna Restrictions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1

1.2 Regulatory Approval For Canada (IC RSS 210) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

1.2.1 26 PART 5 – Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

1.3 Electrostatic Discharge Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

1.4 Disposal Instructions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

Chapter 2

TWR-KW2xDxxx Development Platform Overview and Description

2.1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1

2.2 Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

2.3 Software and Driver Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4

Chapter 3

TWR-KW2xDxxx

3.1 TWR-KW2xDxxx Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

3.1.1 PCB Board Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

3.1.2 Form Factor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1

3.1.3 Board Level Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3

3.2 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4

3.2.1 RF Performance and Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5

3.2.2 Clocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6

3.2.3 Power Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7

3.2.4 TWR-KW2xDxxx Peripheral Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

3.2.4.1 Serial FLASH (SPI Interface). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9

3.2.4.2 TWRPI Connectors J9 and J10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10

3.2.4.3 Jumper Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11

3.2.4.4 MKW24D512 USB Supply (J6) - TWR-MK24D512 Board Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12

3.2.4.5 MKW21D256 (Non-USB) UART2 Support - TWR-MK21D256 Board Only . . . . . . 3-12

3.3 Schematic, Board Layout, and Bill of Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13

3.3.1 Bill of Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20

Chapter 4

PCB Manufacturing Specifications

4.1 Single PCB Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

4.2 Panelization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

4.3 Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

Tower MKW2xDxxx Hardware Reference Manual, Rev. 0.2

iv Freescale Semiconductor

4.4 Solder Mask . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

4.5 Silk Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

4.6 Electrical PCB Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

4.7 Packaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

4.8 Hole Specification/Tool Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3

4.9 File Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4

Tower KW2xDxxx Hardware Reference Manual, Rev. 0.2

Freescale Semiconductor v

About This Book

This manual describes Freescale’s TWR-KW2xDxxx development platform hardware. The

TWR-KW2xDxxx is an IEEE® 802.15.4 compliant evaluation environment based on the Freescale

MKW2xDxxx device. The MKW2xDxxx family is Freescale's latest generation ZigBee™ platform,

which incorporates a complete low power 2.4 GHz radio frequency transceiver and a Kinetis family low

power, mixed-signal ARM Cortex™-M4 MCU into a single package. This family of products is targeted

to meet the higher performance requirements of ZigBee Pro and ZigBee IP based applications, especially

SmartEnergyandCommercialBuildingAutomation.Thisproduct is a cost-effectivesolutionthatmatches

or exceeds competitive solutions.

Audience

This manual is intended for system designers.

Organization

This document is organized into the following chapters.

Chapter 1 Safety Information — Highlights some of the FCC requirements.

Chapter 2 TWR-KW2xDxxx Development Platform Overview and Description — Provides

an overview of the boards that comprise the TWR-KW2xDxxx development

platform.

Chapter 3 TWR-KW2xDxxx — This chapter details the TWR-KW21D256 and

TWR-KW24D512 evaluation boards.

Chapter 4 PCB Manufacturing Specifications — This chapter provides the specifications

used to manufacture the various TWR-KW2xDxxx printed circuit boards (PCBs).

Revision History

The following table summarizes revisions to this document since the previous release (Rev. 0.0).

Revision History

Location Revision

Entire document First public release

Tower KW2xDxxx Hardware Reference Manual, Rev. 0.2

vi Freescale Semiconductor

Definitions, Acronyms, and Abbreviations

The following list defines the acronyms and abbreviations used in this document.

ADC Analog to Digital Converter

AES Advanced Encryption Standard

CTS Clear to Send

DAC Digital to Analog Converter

I2C Inter-Integrated Circuit is a multi-master serial computer bus

ISM Industrial Scientific Medical 2.4 GHz radio frequency band

JTAG Joint Test Action Group

LGA Land Grid Array

MAC Media Access Controller

MCU Microcontroller Unit

PCB Printed circuit board

PiP Platform in Package

PWM Pulse-width modulation

RCM Remote Control Module

REM Remote Extender Board

RTS Request to Send

SMA Connector SubMiniature version “A” connector

SoC System on Chip

SPI Serial Peripheral Interface

SSI Synchronous Serial Interface

TACT Switch A switch that provides a slight “snap” or “click” to the user to indicate function.

TELCO Telephone Company

TWR Tower System

USB Universal Serial Bus

VCP Virtual Com Port

Tower KW2xDxxx Hardware Reference Manual, Rev. 0.2

Freescale Semiconductor 1-1

Chapter 1

Safety Information

1.1 FCC Guidelines

This equipment is for use by developers for evaluation purposes only and must not be incorporated into

any other device or system. This device may not be sold to the general public. Integrators will be

responsible for reevaluating the end product (including the transmitter) and obtaining a separate FCC

authorization.

FCC approval of this device only covers the original configuration of this device as supplied. Any

modifications to this product, including changes shown in this manual, may violate the rules of the Federal

Communications Commission and Industry Canada and make operation of the product unlawful.

1.1.1 Labeling

FCC labels are physically located on the back of the board.

1.1.2 Operating Conditions

This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:

• This device may not cause harmful interference.

• This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired

operation.

1.1.3 Exposure Limits

This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment.

The antenna(s) used for this equipment must be installed to provide a separation distance of at least 8

inches (20cm) from all persons.

1.1.4 Antenna Restrictions

An intentional radiator shall be designed to ensure that no antenna other than that furnished by the

responsible party shall be used with the device. The use of a permanently attached antenna or of an

antenna that uses a unique coupling to the intentional radiator shall be considered sufficient to comply with

the provisions of this Section. The manufacturer may design the unit so that a broken antenna can be

replaced by the user, but the use of a standard antenna jack or electrical connector is prohibited. This

requirement does not apply to carrier current devices or to devices operated under the provisions of

Sections 15.211, 15.213, 15.217, 15.219, or 15.221. Further, this requirement does not apply to intentional

Safety Information

Tower KW2xDxxx Hardware Reference Manual, Rev. 0.2

1-2 Freescale Semiconductor

radiators that must be professionally installed, such as perimeter protection systems and some field

disturbance sensors, or to other intentional radiators which, in accordance with Section 15.31(d), must be

measured at the installation site. However, the installer shall be responsible for ensuring that the proper

antenna is employed so that the limits in this Part are not exceeded.

1.2 Regulatory Approval For Canada (IC RSS 210)

This device complies with Industry Canada licence-exempt RSS standard(s). Operation is subject to the

following two conditions:

1. This device may not cause interference, and

2. This device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired

operation of the device.

1.2.1 26 PART 5 – Appendix

Le présent appareil est conforme aux CNR d'Industrie Canada applicables aux appareils radio exempts de

licence. L'exploitation est autorisée aux deux conditions suivantes:

1. l'appareil ne doit pas produire de brouillage, et

2. l'utilisateur de l'appareil doit accepter tout brouillage radioélectrique subi, même si le brouillage

est susceptible d'en compromettre le fonctionnement.

1.3 Electrostatic Discharge Considerations

Although damage from electrostatic discharge (ESD) is much less common on these devices than on early

CMOS circuits, normal handling precautions should be used to avoid exposure to static discharge.

Qualification tests are performed to ensure that these devices can withstand exposure to reasonable levels

of static without suffering any permanent damage.

All ESD testing is in conformity with the JESD22 Stress Test Qualification for Commercial Grade

Integrated Circuits. During the device qualification ESD stresses were performed for the human body

model (HBM), the machine model (MM) and the charge device model (CDM).

All latch-up test testing is in conformity with the JESD78 IC Latch-Up Test.

When operating or handling the development boards or components, Freescale strongly recommends

using at least the grounding wrist straps plus any or all of the following ESD dissipation methods:

• Flexible fabric, solid fixed size, or disposable ESD wrist straps

• Static control workstations, static control monitors and table or floor static control systems

• Static control packaging and transportation materials and environmental systems

1.4 Disposal Instructions

This product may be subject to special disposal requirements. For product disposal instructions, refer to

www.freescale.com/productdisposal.

Tower KW2xDxxx Hardware Reference Manual, Rev. 0.2

Freescale Semiconductor 2-1

Chapter 2

TWR-KW2xDxxx Development Platform Overview and

Description

2.1 Introduction

The TWR-KW2xDxxx development platform is an evaluation environment based on the Freescale

MKW21D256 or MKW24D512 SIP devices (MKW2xDxxx).

The MKW2xDxxx device family is Freescale's latest generation ZigBee™ platform which incorporates a

complete low power 2.4 GHz radio frequency transceiver and a Kinetis family low power, mixed-signal

ARM Cortex™-M4 MCU into a single package. Additionally, the MKW2xDxxx comprising of a a 2.4

GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) and Medical Body Area Network (MBAN) transceiver are

intended for the IEEE® 802.15.4 Standard.

Freescale supplements the MKW2xDxxx with tools and software that include hardware evaluation and

development boards, software development IDE and applications, drivers, custom PHY usable with

Freescale’s IEEE 802.15.4 compatible MAC.

The TWR-KW2xDxxx development platform comprises two boards:

• Tower — TWR-KW21D256 — this board contains the MKW21D256 device with 32 MHz

reference oscillator crystal, RF circuitry including antenna, and supporting circuitry. The board is

astandalone, with a softwarestackto implement an IEEE 802.15.4 Standardplatformsolution. The

following list summarizes the features of the TWR-KW21D256 board.

— Provides compact reference design for device footprint and RF layout.

— Provides pre-designed MKW21D256 hardware (device and function).

— Provides access to the MKW21D256 set of GPIO/Alternate port functions.

— Provides target MCU Cortex 20-pin (0.05”) JTAG debug port.

— Provides a Mini USB Type B coupled with OpenSDA use as debug interface, serial

communication and power supply (J13, Cortex 10-pin (0.05”) JTAG port for OpenSDA

updates).

• Tower — TWR-KW24D512 — this board contains the MKW24D512 device with 32 MHz

reference oscillator crystal, RF circuitry including antenna, and supporting circuitry. The board is

astandalone, with a softwarestackto implement an IEEE 802.15.4 Standardplatformsolution. The

following list summarizes the features of the TWR-KW24D512 board.

— Provides compact reference design for device footprint and RF layout.

— Provides pre-designed MKW24D512 hardware (device and function).

— Provides access to the MKW24D512 set of GPIO/Alternate port functions.

— Provides MCU JTAG Cortex 20-pin (0.05”) JTAG debug port.

TWR-KW2xDxxx Development Platform Overview and Description

Tower KW2xDxxx Hardware Reference Manual, Rev. 0.2

2-2 Freescale Semiconductor

— Provides a Mini USB Type B coupled with OpenSDA used as debug interface, serial

communication and power supply (J13, Cortex 10-pin (0.05”) JTAG port for OpenSDA

updates)

— The TWR-KW24D512 also provides a Micro USB Type AB used as serial communication and

power supply.

Whether the TWR-KW2xDxxx is used in a simple standalone application or in combination with another

reference platform, Freescale provides a complete software development environment called the Freescale

BeeKit Wireless Connectivity Toolkit (BeeKit). BeeKit is a comprehensive codebase of wireless

networking libraries, application templates, and sample applications. A wide range of software

functionality are available to complement the TWR-KW2xDxxx platform and these are provided as

codebases within BeeKit.

2.2 Features

The TWR-KW2xDxxx development platform is built around Freescale’s concept of a standalone Tower

System Modular Development Platform that contains either the MKW21D256 device or the

MKW24D512 device and all necessary I/O connections for use as a self-contained board or for connection

to an application, but also has the capability to connect with the Tower System.

Figure 2-1 shows the TWR-KW2xDxxx development platform:

Figure 2-1. TWR-KW2XDXXX Development Platform

The TWR-KW2xDxxx development platform includes the following Features:

• Freescale’s low-power MKW21D256 or MKW24D512 SIP ZigBee™ platform device

• Fully compliant IEEE 802.15.4 Standard 2006 transceiver supports 250 kbps O-QPSK data in 5.0

MHz channels and full spread-spectrum encode and decode.

• Full IEEE 802.15.4 compliant wireless node; ZigBee capable with Freescale’s BeeStack software

stack.