Texas Instruments TI-83-Plus Istruzioni per il montaggio

Texas Instruments Calculator Basics

Tips, Techniques, and Graphing

©Billings Adult Education Center, 2004 Page 1

TI-83-Plus Calculator Basics

Tips and Techniques

TI-83 Plus Keyboard

Generally, the keyboard is divided into these zones: graphing keys, editing keys,

advanced function keys, and scientific calculator keys.

Graphing — Graphing keys access the interactive graphing features.

Editing — Editing keys allow you to edit expressions and values.

Advanced — Advanced function keys display menus that access the

advanced functions.

Scientific — Scientific calculator keys access the capabilities of a

standard scientific calculator.

Using the yand ƒKeys

The secondary function of each key is printed in yellow above the key. When you press

the yellow ykey, the character, abbreviation, or word printed in yellow above the

other keys becomes active for the next keystroke. For example, when you press y

and then , the TEST menu is displayed. This guidebook describes this keystroke

combination as y[TEST].

The alpha function of each key is printed in green above the key. When you press the

green ƒkey, the alpha character printed in green above the other keys becomes

active for the next keystroke. For example, when you press ƒand then , the

letter A is entered. This guidebook describes this keystroke combination as ƒ[A].

Texas Instruments Calculator Basics

Tips, Techniques, and Graphing

©Billings Adult Education Center, 2004 Page 2

Setting the Display Contrast

You can adjust the display contrast to suit your viewing angle and lighting conditions.

The TI-83 Plus retains the contrast setting in memory when it is turned off. To adjust

the contrast, follow these steps:

1. Press and release the ykey.

2. Press and hold †or }, which are below and above the contrast symbol (yellow, half-

shaded circle).

• †lightens the screen.

• }darkens the screen.

Home Screen

The home screen is the primary screen of the TI-83 Plus. On this screen, enter

instructions to execute and expressions to evaluate. The answers are displayed on the

same screen.

Displaying Entries and Answers

When an entry is executed on the home screen, the answer is displayed on the right

side of the next line.

Calculate 3.76 ÷ (7.9 + 5) + 2

Returning to the Home Screen

To return to the home screen from any other screen, press y[QUIT].

Texas Instruments Calculator Basics

Tips, Techniques, and Graphing

©Billings Adult Education Center, 2004 Page 3

TI-83 Plus Edit Keys

|or ~Moves the cursor within an expression; these keys repeat.

}or †Moves the cursor from line to line within an expression that

occupies more than one line; these keys repeat.

On the top line of an expression on the home screen, }moves the

cursor to the beginning of the expression.

On the bottom line of an expression on the home screen, †.

moves the cursor to the end of the expression

y| Moves the cursor to the beginning of an expression.

y~ Moves the cursor to the end of an expression

ÍEvaluates an expression or executes an instruction.

‘On a line with text on the home screen, clears the current line.

On a blank line on the home screen, clears everything on the

home screen.

In an editor, clears the expression or value where the cursor is

located; it does not store a zero.

{Deletes a character at the cursor; this key repeats.

y[INS] Changes the cursor to an underline (__); inserts characters in front

of the underline cursor; to end insertion, press y[INS] or press

}, |, †, or ~.

yChanges the cursor to Þ; the next keystroke performs a 2nd

operation (an operation in yellow above a key and to the left); to

cancel 2nd, press yagain.

ƒChanges the cursor to Ø; the next keystroke pastes an alpha

character (a character in green above a key and to the right); to

cancel ., press ƒor press }, |, †, or ~.

y[A-LOCK]Changes the cursor to Ø; sets alpha-lock; subsequent keystrokes (on an

alpha key) paste alpha characters; to cancel alpha-lock, press ƒ.. If

you are prompted to enter a name such as for a group or a program,

alpha-lock is set automatically

„Pastes an X in Func mode, a T in Par mode, a q in Pol mode, or

an n in Seq mode with one keystroke.

yÍDisplays the last operation performed.

Storing Values in a Variable

Values are stored to and recalled from memory using variable names. When an

expression containing the name of a variable is evaluated, the value of the variable at

that time is used.

Texas Instruments Calculator Basics

Tips, Techniques, and Graphing

©Billings Adult Education Center, 2004 Page 4

To store a value to a variable from the home screen or a program using the ¿key,

begin on a blank line and follow these steps.

1. Enter the value you want to store.

2. Press ¿.

3. Press ƒ. and then the letter of the variable to which you want to store the value.

4. Press Í.

5. Enter the expression you wish to evaluate. Press Í.

Using a TI-83 Plus Menu

You can access most TI-83 Plus operations using menus. When you press a key or key

combination to display a menu, one or more menu names appear on the top line of the

screen.

•The menu name on the left side of the top line is highlighted. Up to seven items in

that menu are displayed, beginning with item 1, which also is highlighted.

•A number or letter identifies each menu item’s place in the menu. The order is 1

through 9, then 0, then A, B, C, and so on. The LIST NAMES,PRGM EXEC, and PRGM EDIT

menus only label items 1 through 9 and 0.

•When the menu continues beyond the displayed items, a down arrow çreplaces the

colon next to the last displayed item.

•When a menu item ends in an ellipsis (...), the item displays a secondary menu or

editor when you select it.

•When an asterisk (*) appears to the left of a menu item, that item is stored in user

data archive.

Displaying a Menu

While using your TI-83 Plus, you often will need to access items from its menus. When

you press a key that displays a menu, that menu temporarily replaces the screen where

you are working. For example, when you press , the MATH menu is displayed as a

full screen. After you select an item from a menu, the screen where you are working

usually is displayed again.

Moving from One Menu to Another

Some keys access more than one menu. When you press such a key, the names of all

accessible menus are displayed on the top line. When you highlight a menu name, the

items in that menu are displayed. Press ~and |to highlight each menu name.

Leaving a Menu without Making a Selection

You can leave a menu without making a selection in any of four ways.

• Press y[QUIT] to return to the home screen.

• Press ‘to return to the previous screen.

• Press a key or key combination for a different menu, such as or .

• Press a key or key combination for a different screen, such as oor y[TEST].

Texas Instruments Calculator Basics

Tips, Techniques, and Graphing

©Billings Adult Education Center, 2004 Page 5

The following shows the menus:

The following shows the y[TEST] menus:

Graphing

Defining a Graph

To define a graph in any graphing mode, follow these steps. Some steps are not always

necessary.

1. Press zand set the appropriate graph mode.

2. Press oand enter, edit, or select one or more functions in the Y= editor.

3. Deselect stat plots, if necessary.

4. Set the graph style for each function.

5. Press pand define the viewing window variables.

6. Press y[FORMAT]and select the graph format settings.

7. Press sto display it.

Checking and Changing the Graphing Mode

To display the mode screen, press z. The default settings are highlighted below. To

graph functions, you must select Func mode before you enter values for the window

variables and before you enter the functions.

Texas Instruments Calculator Basics

Tips, Techniques, and Graphing

©Billings Adult Education Center, 2004 Page 6

•The TI-83 Plus has four graphing modes: Func (function graphing), Par

(parametric), Pol (polar), and Seq (sequence).

•Float or 0123456789 (fixed) decimal mode affects displayed graph coordinates.

•Radian or Degree angle mode affects interpretation of some functions.

•Connected or Dot plotting mode affects plotting of selected functions.

•Sequential or Simul graphing-order mode affects function plotting when more than

one function is selected.

Defining or Editing a Function

To define or edit a function, follow these steps.

1. Press oto display the Y= editor.

2. Press †to move the cursor to the function you want to define or edit. To erase a

function, press ‘.

3. Enter or edit the expression to define the function. The independent variable in the

function is X. Func mode defines „. as X. When you enter the first

character, the = is highlighted, indicating that the function is selected.

4. Press Íor †. to move the cursor to the next function.

An example of the oscreen:

Selecting and Deselecting a Function

You can select and deselect (turn on and turn off) a function in the Y= editor. A function

is selected when the = sign is highlighted. The TI-83 Plus graphs only the selected

functions. You can select any or all functions Y1 through Y9, and Y0. To select or

deselect a function in the Y= editor, follow these steps:

1. Press oto display the Y= editor.

2. Move the cursor to the function you want to select or deselect.

3. Press |to place the cursor on the function’s = sign.

4. Press Íto change the selection status. When you enter or edit a function, it is

selected automatically. When you clear a function, it is deselected.

Texas Instruments Calculator Basics

Tips, Techniques, and Graphing

©Billings Adult Education Center, 2004 Page 7

Turning On or Turning Off a Stat Plot in the Y= Editor

To view and change the on/off status of a stat plot in the Y= editor, use Plot1 Plot2 Plot3

(the top line of the Y= editor). When a plot is on, its name is highlighted on this line. To

change the on/off status of a stat plot from the Y= editor, press }and ~to place the

cursor on Plot1, Plot2, or Plot3, and then press Í.

Graph Style Icons in the Y= Editor

This table describes the graph styles available for function graphing. Use the styles to

visually differentiate functions to be graphed together. For example, you can set Y1 as a

dotted line, Y2 as a solid line, and Y3 as a thick line.

Style Description Example

Dotted line A small dot represents each plotted point; this is the

default in Dot mode

Thin line A solid line connects plotted points; this is the default in

Connected Mode

Thick line A thick solid line connects plotted points Y3

Above Shading covers the area above the graph Y4

Below Shading covers the area below the graph Y5

Path A circular cursor traces the leading edge of the graph

and draws a path.

Animate A circular cursor traces the leading edge of the graph

without drawing a path

Setting the Graph Style

To set the graph style for a function, follow these steps.

1. Press oto display the Y= editor.

2. Press †and }to move the cursor to the function.

3. Press ||to move the cursor left, past the = sign, to the graph style icon in the first

column. The insert cursor is displayed. (Steps 2 and 3 are interchangeable.)

Texas Instruments Calculator Basics

Tips, Techniques, and Graphing

©Billings Adult Education Center, 2004 Page 8

4. PressÍrepeatedly to rotate through the graph styles. The seven styles rotate in

the same order in which they are listed in the table above.

5. Press ~, †or }. when you have selected a style.

The TI-83 Plus Viewing Window

The viewing window is the portion of the coordinate plane defined by Xmin, Xmax,

Ymin, and Ymax. Xscl (X scale) defines the distance between tick marks on the x-axis.

Yscl (Y scale) defines the distance between tick marks on the y-axis. To turn off tick

marks, set Xscl=0 and Yscl=0. From the pmenu, the first picture shows the

standard default window; the second is the decimal default window.

Displaying the Format Settings

To display the format settings, press y[FORMAT]. The default settings

are highlighted below.

Sets cursor coordinates

Sets coordinates display on or off

Sets grid off or on

Sets axes on or off

Sets axes label off or on

Sets expression display on or off

To change a format setting, follow these steps.

1. Press †, }, ~, and |as necessary to move the cursor to the setting you want to

select.

2. Press Íto select the highlighted setting.

Exploring Graphs with TRACE

Use rto move the cursor from one plotted point to the next along a function. To

begin, press r. If the graph is not displayed already, press rto display it. The

trace cursor is on the first selected function in the Y= editor, at the middle X value on the

Texas Instruments Calculator Basics

Tips, Techniques, and Graphing

©Billings Adult Education Center, 2004 Page 9

screen. The cursor coordinates are displayed at the bottom of the screen if CoordOn

format is selected. The Y= expression is displayed in the top-left corner of the screen, if

ExprOn format is selected. To move the trace cursor, press |or ~. To move the

trace cursor from function to function, press }or †.

ZOOM Menu

To display the ZOOM menu, press q. You can adjust the viewing window of the graph

quickly in several ways. All ZOOM instructions are accessible from programs.

1: ZBox Draws a box to define the viewing window.

2: Zoom In Magnifies the graph around the cursor.

3: Zoom Out Views more of a graph around the cursor.

4: ZDecimal Sets UX and UY to 0.1.

5: ZSquare Sets equal-size pixels on the X and Y axes.

6: ZStandard Sets the standard window variables.

7: ZTrig Sets the built-in trig window variables.

8: ZInteger Sets integer values on the X and Y axes.

9: ZoomStat Sets the values for current stat lists.

0: ZoomFit Fits YMin and YMax between XMin and XMax.

CALCULATE Menu

To display the CALCULATE menu, press y[CALC]. Use the items on this menu to analyze

the current graph functions.

1:value Calculates a function Y value for a given X.

2:zero Finds a zero (x-intercept) of a function.

3:minimum Finds a minimum of a function.

4:maximum Finds a maximum of a function.

5:intersect Finds an intersection of two functions.

6:dy/dx Finds a numeric derivative of a function.

7:.f(x)dx Finds a numeric integral of a function.

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