WIKA TR Manuale utente
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F
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GB
Operating Instructions
Betriebsanleitung
Mode d'emploi
Manual de Instrucciones
Examples/Beispiele/Exemples/Ejemplos
Resistance thermometers and Thermocouples
Widerstandsthermometer und Thermoelemente
Sondes à résistance et Thermocouples
Termorresistencias y Termopares
© WIKA Alexander Wiegand SE & Co. KG 2010
Prior to starting any work, read the operating instructions!
Keep for later use!
Vor Beginn aller Arbeiten Betriebsanleitung lesen!
Zum späteren Gebrauch aufbewahren!
Lire le mode d'emploi avant de commencer toute opération !
A conserver pour une utilisation ultérieure !
¡Leer el manual de instrucciones antes de comenzar cualquier trabajo!
¡Guardar el manual para una eventual consulta posterior!
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F
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2WIKA Operating Instructions RTDs and Thermocouples
11208287.03 06/2010 GB/D/F/E
Operating Instructions Models TR and TC
Page 3 - 18
Betriebsanleitung Typen TR und TC
Seite 19 - 34
Mode d'emploi Types TR et TC
Page 35 - 50
Manual de Instrucciones Modelos TR y TC
Página 51 - 66
WIKA Operating Instructions RTDs and Thermocouples
11208287.03 06/2010 GB/D/F/E
3
GB
1. General information 4
2. Safety 5
3. Specications 7
4. Design and function 9
5. Transport, packaging and storage 10
6. Commissioning, operation 11
7. Maintenance and cleaning 16
8. Faults 17
9. Dismounting, return and disposal 18
Contents
Contents
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4WIKA Operating Instructions RTDs and Thermocouples
GB
1. General Information
■
The instrument described in the operating instructions has been manufactured using state-of-
the-art technology. All components are subject to stringent quality and environmental criteria
during production. Our management systems are certied to ISO 9001 and ISO 14001.
■
These operating instructions contain important information on handling the instrument. Working
safely requires that all safety instructions and work instructions are observed.
■
Observe the relevant local accident prevention regulations and general safety regulations for the
instrument's range of use.
■
The operating instructions are part of the instrument and must be kept in the immediate vicinity of
the instrument and readily accessible to skilled personnel at any time.
■
Skilled personnel must have carefully read and understood the operating instructions, prior to
beginning any work.
■
The manufacturer's liability is void in the case of any damage caused by using the product
contrary to its intended use, non-compliance with these operating instructions, assignment of
insuciently qualied skilled personnel or unauthorised modications to the instrument.
■
The general terms and conditions, contained in the sales documentation, shall apply.
■
Subject to technical modications.
■
Further information:
- Internet address: www.wika.de / www.wika.com
- Application consultant: Tel.: (+49) 9372/132-0
Fax: (+49) 9372/132-406
E-Mail: info@wika.de
Explanation of symbols
WARNING!
... indicates a potentially dangerous situation, which can result in serious injury or
death, if not avoided.
CAUTION!
... indicates a potentially dangerous situation, which can result in light injuries or
damage to equipment or the environment, if not avoided.
Information
... points out useful tips, recommendations and information for ecient and trouble-
free operation.
DANGER!
...identies hazards caused by electric power. Should the safety instructions not be
observed, there is a risk of serious or fatal injury.
1. General information
WIKA Operating Instructions RTDs and Thermocouples
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2. Safety
WARNING!
Before installation, commissioning and operation, ensure that the appropriate thermo-
meter has been selected in terms of measuring range, design and specic measuring
conditions.
Choose the thermowell with regard to the maximum pressure and temperature (e.g.
table of contact ratings in DIN 43772).
Non-observance can result in serious injury and/or damage to equipment.
Further important safety instructions can be found in the individual chapters of these
operating instructions.
2.1 Intended use
These resistance thermometers and thermocouples are used for temperature measurement in
industrial applications.
The instrument has been designed and built solely for the intended use described here, and may
only be used accordingly.
The technical specications contained in these operating instructions must be observed. Improper
handling or operation of the instrument outside of its technical specications requires the instru-
ment to be shut down immediately and inspected by an authorised WIKA service engineer.
If the instrument is transported from a cold into a warm environment, the formation of condensa-
tion may result in the instrument malfunctioning. Before putting it back into operation, wait for the
instrument temperature and the room temperature to equalise.
The manufacturer shall not be liable for claims of any type based on operation contrary to the
intended use.
2.2 Personnel qualication
WARNING!
Risk of injury should qualication be insucient!
Improper handling can result in considerable injury and damage to equipment.
■
The activities described in these operating instructions may only be carried out by
skilled personnel who have the qualications described below.
■
Keep unqualied personnel away from hazardous areas.
Skilled personnel
Skilled personnel are understood to be personnel who, based on their technical training,
knowledge of measurement and control technology and on their experience and knowledge of
country-specic regulations, current standards and directives, are capable of carrying out the
work described and independently recognising potential hazards.
Special operating conditions require further appropriate knowledge, e.g. of aggressive media.
2. Safety
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2.3 Special hazards
WARNING!
For hazardous media such as oxygen, acetylene, ammable or toxic gases or liquids,
and refrigeration plants, compressors, etc., in addition to all standard regulations, the
appropriate existing codes or regulations must also be followed.
WARNING!
Protection from electrostatic discharge (ESD) required. The proper use of ground-
ed work surfaces and personal wrist straps is required when working with exposed
circuitry (printed circuit boards), in order to to prevent static discharge from damaging
sensitive electronic components.
To ensure safe working on the instrument, the operating company must ensure
■
that suitable rst-aid equipment is available and aid is provided whenever required.
■
that the operating personnel are regularly instructed in all topics regarding work
safety, rst aid and environmental protection and knows the operating instructions
and, in particular, the safety instructions contained therein.
DANGER!
Danger of death caused by electric current
Upon contact with live parts, there is a direct danger of death.
■
Electrical instruments may only be installed and mounted by skilled electrical
personnel.
■
Operation using a defective power supply unit (e.g. short circuit from the mains
voltage to the output voltage) may result in life-threatening voltages at the
instrument!
WARNING!
Residual media in dismounted instruments can result in a risk to persons, the environ-
ment and equipment. Take sucient precautionary measures.
Do not use this instrument in safety or Emergency Stop devices. Incorrect use of the
instrument can result in injury.
Should a failure occur, aggressive media with extremely high temperature and under
high pressure or vacuum may be present at the instrument.
2. Safety
WIKA Operating Instructions RTDs and Thermocouples
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2.4 Labelling / safety marks
Product label
2. Safety / 3. Specications
3. Specications
3.1 Resistance thermometer
Sensor method of connection
■
2-wire The lead resistance is recorded as an error in the measurement.
■
3-wire With a cable length of approx. 30 m or longer measuring deviations can occur.
■
4-wire The inner lead resistance of the connecting wires is negligible.
Sensor tolerance value per DIN EN 60751
■
Class B
■
Class A
■
Class AA
Combinations of 2-wire connection with Class A or Class AA are not allowed, because the lead
resistance of the measuring insert, over-rides the higher sensor accuracy.
Basic values and tolerance values
Basic values and tolerance values for the platinum measurement resistances are laid down in
DIN EN 60751.
The nominal value of Pt100 sensors is 100 Ω at 0 °C.
The temperature coecient α can be stated simply to be between 0 °C and 100 °C with:
α = 3.85 ∙ 10-3 °C-1
Model
Measuring resistor in accordance with standard
■
F Thin-lm resistor
■
W Wire-wound resistor
Thermometer
■
Number and type of sensor (here: 1 Pt100)
■
Accuracy class (B, A, AA)
■
Wiring conguration (2-, 3- or 4-wire circuit)
■
Permissible operating temperature range for the sensor
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8WIKA Operating Instructions RTDs and Thermocouples
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The relationship between the temperature and the electrical resistance is characterised by
polynomials, which are also dened in DIN EN 60751. Furthermore, this standard lays down the
basic values in °C stages.
Class Temperature range Tolerance value in °C
Wire-wound (W) Thin-lm (F)
B -196 … +600 °C -50 … +500 °C ± (0.30 + 0.0050 | t |) 1)
A -100 … +450 °C -30 … +300 °C ± (0.15 + 0.0020 | t |) 1)
AA -50 … +250 °C 0 … 150 °C ± (0.10 + 0.0017 | t |) 1)
1) | t | is the value of the temperature in °C without consideration of the sign
bold: Standard version
Resistance values and tolerance values with selected temperatures (Pt100)
Temperature
in °C (ITS 90)
Resistance value in Ω
Class AA Class A Class B
-196 - - 19.69 ... 20.80
-100 - 60.11 ... 60.40 59.93 ... 60.58
-50 80.23 ... 80.38 80.21 ... 80.41 80.09 ... 80.52
-30 88.16 ... 88.28 88.14 ... 88.30 88.04 ... 88.40
099.96 ... 100.04 99.94 ... 100.06 99.88 ... 100.12
20 107.74 ... 107.85 107.72 ... 107.87 107.64 ... 107.95
100 138.40 ... 138.61 138.37 ... 138.64 138.20 ... 138.81
150 157.91 ... 157.64 157.16 ... 157.49 156.93 ... 157.72
250 193.91 ... 194.29 193.86 ... 194.33 193.54 ... 194.66
300 - 211.78 ... 212.32 211.41 ... 212.69
450 - 263.82 ... 264.53 263.31 ... 265.04
500 - - 280.04 ... 281.91
600 - - 312.65 ... 314.77
This table represents the calibration process with predened temperatures. This means if a temperature stan-
dard is available, the resistance value of the test piece must lie within the limits specied above.
3.2 Thermocouples
Sensor type
Model
Recommended max. operating temperature
K (NiCr-Ni) 1200 °C
J (Fe-CuNi) 800 °C
E (NiCr-CuNi) 800 °C
T (Cu-CuNi) 400 °C
N (NiCrSi-NiSi) 1200 °C
S (Pt10% Rh-Pt) 1600 °C
R (Pt13% Rh-Pt) 1600 °C
B (Pt30% Rh-Pt6%-Rh) 1700 °C
3. Specications
WIKA Operating Instructions RTDs and Thermocouples
11208287.03 06/2010 GB/D/F/E
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Potential measuring uncertainties due to aging eects
Thermocouples age and change their temperature/thermoelectric voltage curve. Type J thermo-
couples age slightly due to oxidation of the pure metal leg. As for Type K and to a lesser extend
Type N (NiCrSi-NiSi) thermocouples, considerable changes in thermo-electric voltage can occur
at high temperatures due to chromium depletion in the NiCr leg, which results in a decreasing
thermo-electric voltage.
This eect is accelerated if there is a shortage of oxygen, since a complete oxide skin is unable to
form on the surface of the thermocouple and protect it from further oxidation. The chromium in the
alloy oxidizes, but not the nickel, giving rise to the "green rot" that eventually destroys the thermo-
couple. During the fast cooling of NiCr-Ni thermocouples, that has been operating at temperatures
above 700 °C, certain states occur within the crystal structure (short-range order), which in Type
K elements can result in a change in thermoelectric voltage of up to 0.8 mV (K eect).
It has been possible to reduce the short-range order eect in Type N (NiCrSi-NiSi) thermocoup-
les by alloying both legs with silicon.
The eect is reversible and can be cancelled by annealing above 700 °C with subsequent slow
cooling. Thermocouples with smaler diameters react sensitively in this respect. Even cooling in
still air can cause deviations greater than 1 K.
The application range of these thermometers is limited by the permissible max. temperature of the
thermocouple as well as the max. temperature of the thermowell material.
Listed thermocouples are available both as single or duplex thermocouples. The thermocouple
will be delivered with an insulated measuring point, unless explicitly specied otherwise.
Sensor tolerance value
A cold junction temperature of 0 °C is taken as basis with the denition of the sensor limiting
error of thermocouples. When using a compensating cable or thermocouple cable, an additional
measuring error must be considered.
For tolerance values and further specications see current WIKA Data Sheet or order documentation.
4. Design and function
4.1 Short description
These thermometers (resistance thermometers and thermocouples) detect temperatures in
processes.
These thermometers are suitable, depending on the version, for low, medium and high process
requirements.
They can be assembled as cable probes or as thermometers with a connection head. Optionally,
a temperature transmitter can be built into the connection head. For this temperature transmitter,
separate operating instructions will be enclosed.
Certain thermometer versions can be combined with a large number of thermowell designs.
Operation of these thermometers without a thermowell is only appropriate in special cases.
3. Specications / 4. Design and function
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4.2 Scope of delivery
Cross-check scope of delivery with delivery note.
5. Transport, packaging and storage
5.1 Transport
Check instrument for any damage that may have been caused by transport. Obvious damage
must be reported immediately.
5.2 Packaging
Do not remove packaging until just before mounting.
Keep the packaging as it will provide optimum protection during transport (e.g. change in
installation site, sending for repair).
5.3 Storage
Permissible conditions at the place of storage:
■
Storage temperature:
Instruments without built-in transmitter: -40 ... +85 °C
Instruments with built-in transmitter: see operating instructions of the corresponding
transmitter
■
Humidity: 35 ... 85 % relative humidity (no condensation)
Avoid exposure to the following factors:
■
Direct sunlight or proximity to hot objects
■
Mechanical vibration, mechanical shock (putting it down hard)
■
Soot, vapour, dust and corrosive gases
■
Potentially explosive environments, ammable atmospheres
Store the instrument in its original packaging in a location that fullls the conditions listed above. If
the original packaging is not available, pack and store the instrument as described below:
1. Wrap the instrument in an antistatic plastic lm.
2. Place the instrument, along with shock-absorbent material, in the packaging.
3. If stored for a prolonged period of time (more than 30 days), place a bag, containing a desic-
cant, inside the packaging.
WARNING!
Before storing the instrument (following operation), remove any residual media. This
is of particular importance if the medium is hazardous to health, e.g. caustic, toxic,
carcinogenic, radioactive, etc.
4. Design and function / 5. Transport, packaging and storage
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