BERTHOLD TECHNOLOGIES LB 444 Manuale utente
Density
Meter
LB 444
Id. No 32816BA2
Rev. No.: 04 22.04.03
04/03 347 LB 444
I
Table of Contents
Page
1. OVERVIEW.................................................................................................... 1
2. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION ................................................................................. 2
2.1 Use and Function ................................................................................ 2
2.2 Instrument Configuration (Operating Modes) .......................................... 2
2.3 The Principle of Measurement ............................................................... 3
2.4 Measuring Configuration ...................................................................... 4
3. INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION ......................................................................... 5
3.1 Radioactive Source ............................................................................. 5
3.2 Shieldings.......................................................................................... 6
3.2.1 Shielding Types LB744... with Manually Operated Lock............................. 6
3.2.2 Shieldings with Pneumatically Operated Lock and Shutter Switch.............. 7
3.2.3 Shieldings for Installation in a Container with Manually Operated Lock....... 8
3.2.4 Shieldings for Installation in a Container with Pneumatically Operated Lock
and Shutter Switch ............................................................................. 9
3.3 Detector .......................................................................................... 10
3.4 Evaluation Unit LB 444 ...................................................................... 10
3.4.1 General Description........................................................................... 10
3.4.2 Display............................................................................................ 11
3.4.3 Keypad Function ............................................................................... 11
3.4.4 Softkeys.......................................................................................... 11
3.4.5 Menu Structure ................................................................................ 11
4. SOFTWARE FUNCTIONS AND SYSTEM CONFIGURATION ............................. 17
4.1 General Data.................................................................................... 17
4.2 Operating Mode ................................................................................ 18
4.3 Parameter ....................................................................................... 19
4.4 Product Data .................................................................................... 22
4.5 Calibrate ......................................................................................... 23
4.6 Live Display ..................................................................................... 26
4.7 Service Menu ................................................................................... 26
4.8 Mass Flow........................................................................................ 26
5. INSTALLATION ........................................................................................... 27
5.1 General Safety Precautions ................................................................ 27
5.2 Installation ...................................................................................... 28
5.2.1 Installation on Pipelines ..................................................................... 28
5.2.2 Installation in a Container .................................................................. 30
5.2.3 Water Cooling Installation .................................................................. 32
5.2.4 Cooling Medium ................................................................................ 33
5.2.5 Installation of Resistance Thermometer Pt 100...................................... 34
5.2.6 Installation of Evaluation Unit ............................................................. 34
5.3 Electrical Connections........................................................................ 35
5.3.1 Detector .......................................................................................... 35
5.3.2 Evaluation Unit LB 444 ...................................................................... 36
6. GETTING STARTED...................................................................................... 38
6.1 Quick Installation Overview ................................................................ 38
6.2 Getting Started................................................................................. 39
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6.2.1 Basic Settings .................................................................................. 41
6.2.2 Calibration ....................................................................................... 42
6.3 Measurement ................................................................................... 44
6.4 Error Messages................................................................................. 45
6.4.1 Error Messages Reset ........................................................................ 45
6.4.2 Error Messages during Operation ........................................................ 45
6.4.3 Error Messages during Calibration ....................................................... 45
6.4.4 Error Messages during Measurement ................................................... 46
6.5 System Start/Stop ............................................................................ 48
7. TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION ................................................................. 49
7.1 Temperature Measurement ................................................................ 49
7.2 Monitoring the Temperature Signal...................................................... 49
7.3 Function of Temperature Compensation ............................................... 50
7.4 Temperature Compensation in Suspensions .......................................... 50
7.5 Calculation of Temperature Coefficients................................................ 50
7.6 Calculation of Square Temperature Coefficient ...................................... 52
7.7 Reference Temperature ..................................................................... 53
7.8 Temperature Coefficient Calculation without Table Values ....................... 53
8. CALIBRATION ............................................................................................. 55
8.1.1 Calibration Modes ............................................................................. 55
8.1.2 One-Point Calibration ........................................................................ 57
8.1.3 Two and Multi-Point Calibration........................................................... 59
8.1.4 Correction of Analysis Values.............................................................. 60
8.1.5 Checking the Calibration .................................................................... 62
8.2 Radiating Interference Detection ......................................................... 63
8.3 Automatic Measuring Time Switchover ................................................. 64
8.4 Measurements of Suspensions ............................................................ 65
8.4.1 Calculating the Density of Individual Components.................................. 68
8.5 Correcting the Results: Addition and Multiplication................................. 69
8.5.1 Additive Constant ............................................................................. 69
8.5.2 Multiplication Factor .......................................................................... 70
9. TECHNICAL DATA ....................................................................................... 71
9.1 Evaluation Unit LB 444 ...................................................................... 71
9.2 Detectors......................................................................................... 72
10. SERVICE INSTRUCTIONS ............................................................................ 74
10.1 General Safety Precautions ................................................................ 74
10.2 Evaluation Unit LB 444 ...................................................................... 74
10.3 Shielding and Source......................................................................... 76
10.4 Service Menu ................................................................................... 77
10.4.1 Overview ......................................................................................... 77
10.4.2 Service Menu ................................................................................... 78
10.4.3 Plateau Check .................................................................................. 79
10.5 Detector .......................................................................................... 82
10.5.1 Checking the Crystal-Multiplier Assembly ............................................. 82
10.6 Replacing the Evaluation Unit LB 444................................................... 84
11. RADIATION PROTECTION ........................................................................... 85
11.1 Basics and Guidelines ........................................................................ 85
11.2 Shielding Installation Safety Instructions.............................................. 87
11.3 Radiation Dose Calculations................................................................ 87
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11.4 Emergency Instructions ..................................................................... 89
12. APPENDIX .................................................................................................. 90
12.1 Absorption Coefficients ...................................................................... 90
12.2 Temperature Coefficients ................................................................... 91
12.3 Density of Water as a Function of the Temperature................................ 92
12.4 Setup Protocol.................................................................................. 93
13. DIMENSIONAL DRAWINGS ......................................................................... 95
13.1 Detectors......................................................................................... 95
13.2 Detectors with FM Certificate .............................................................. 97
13.3 Mounting Device 90° for Pipe Diameter 88.9...304 mm ................................ 98
13.4 Mounting Device 90° for Pipe Diameter 21.3...76.1 mm ............................... 99
13.5 Mounting Device 30 / 45 ° ................................................................100
13.6 LB 444 ...........................................................................................101
14. EX- CERTIFICATES FOR EVALUATION UNIT .................................................. 1
15. EX-CERTIFICATE FOR THE DETECTORS ......................................................... 4
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List of Figures
Page
Figure 1: Principle of measurement ......................................................... 3
Figure 2: Measuring system mounted on a pipeline.................................... 4
Figure 3: Shielding container type LB744 ................................................. 6
Figure 4: Shielding container type LB 744x with pneumatic locking drive ...... 7
Figure 5: Shielding for installation in a container ....................................... 8
Figure 6: : Pneumatic locking mechanism, not Ex-protected........................ 9
Figure 7 Shutter switch for ex-protected area ........................................... 9
Figure 8: Front Panel LB 444 ................................................................ 10
Figure 9: Softkeys functions ................................................................. 12
Figure 10: Function keys...................................................................... 13
Figure 11: Installation on a horizontal pipeline ........................................ 28
Figure 12: Outdoor installation ............................................................. 29
Figure 13: Installation on S or U-shaped measuring path.......................... 29
Figure 14: External installation of shielding and detector .......................... 30
Figure 15: Installation in a container ..................................................... 30
Figure 16: Installation in a container with horizontal flow ......................... 31
Figure 17: Installation in a container with vertical flow ............................. 31
Figure 18: Installation of water cooling .................................................. 32
Figure 19: Required amount of cooling water .......................................... 33
Figure 20: Cable connections at detector................................................ 35
Figure 21: Terminal connection evaluation unit (rear panel)...................... 36
Figure 22: Rear view of shielding container type LB 744. .......................... 39
Figure 23: Locking mechanism with knurled nut ...................................... 40
Figure 24: Locking mechanism with spring pin ........................................ 40
Figure 25: Influence of absorption coefficients on one-point calibration....... 58
Figure 26: One-point calibration with additional calibration points .............. 58
Figure 27: Example of multi-point calibration.......................................... 59
Figure 28: Response ........................................................................... 64
Figure 29: Density of suspensions ......................................................... 65
Figure 30: Conversion scheme.............................................................. 67
Figure 31: Plateau curve...................................................................... 80
Figure 32: Assembly of scintillation counter ............................................ 82
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V
Operating Manual Density Meter LB 444
Revision History
No. Date Comments
04 22.04.03 Atex certificates, LB 4430
04/03 347 LB 444
VI
Safety Summary
Electrical Shock Hazard
Disconnect power to ensure that contact with energized part is avoided during installation
and servicing.
Specific Warnings
Never change the installation or the parameter settings without a full knowledge of the
relevant part of this manual, the connected controller and the process, if it is controlled
by this measuring device.
Radiation Protection Instructions
This measuring device utilizes radioactive sources. Local regulations controlling the use of
radioactive sources must be followed. This is the law.
Installation, dismantling, relocation, maintenance, testing involving the radioactive
source or its shielding have to be performed by persons specifically licensed. Radioactive
sources which are not in use have to be stored at a save place which is tamperproof.
04/03 347 LB 444
VII
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