Keysight Technologies N4960A Manuale utente

User Guide

Keysight

N4960A

Serial BERT

17 and 32 Gb/s

2 Keysight N4960A Serial BERT 17 and 32 Gb/s User Guide

Notices

No part of this manual may be reproduced

in any form orbyany means (including

electronic storage and retrieval or

translation into a foreign language) without

prior agreement and written consent from

Keysight Technologies, Inc. asgoverned by

United States and international copyright

laws.

Manual Part Number

N4960-91021

Edition

Edition 9.0, April 2019

Printed in Germany

Keysight Technologies, Inc.

Keysight Technologies R&D and Marketing-

GmbH & Co.KG

Herrenberger Str. 130

71034 Böblingen, Germany

Warranty

THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN THIS

DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED "AS IS," AND IS

SUBJECT TO BEING CHANGED, WITHOUT

NOTICE, IN FUTURE EDITIONS. FURTHER,

TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY

APPLICABLE LAW, KEYSIGHT DISCLAIMS

ALL WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR

IMPLIED WITH REGARD TO THIS MANUAL

AND ANY INFORMATION CONTAINED

HEREIN, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO

THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF

MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A

PARTICULAR PURPOSE. KEYSIGHT SHALL

NOT BE LIABLE FOR ERRORS OR FOR

INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL

DAMAGES IN CONNECTION WITH THE

FURNISHING, USE, OR PERFORMANCE OF

THIS DOCUMENT OR ANY INFORMATION

CONTAINED HEREIN. SHOULD KEYSIGHT

AND THE USER HAVE A SEPARATE

WRITTEN AGREEMENT WITH WARRANTY

TERMS COVERING THE MATERIAL IN THIS

DOCUMENT THAT CONFLICT WITH THESE

TERMS, THE WARRANTY TERMS IN THE

SEPARATE AGREEMENT WILL CONTROL.

Technology Licenses

The hardware and/or software described in

this document are furnished under a

license and may be used or copied only in

accordance with the terms of such license.

Restricted Rights Legend

If software is for use in the performance of

a U.S. Government prime contract or

subcontract, Software is delivered and

licensed as “Commercial computer

software” as defined in DFAR 252.227-

7014 (June 1995), or as a “commercial

item” as defined in FAR 2.101(a) or as

“Restricted computer software” as defined

in FAR 52.227-19 (June 1987) or any

equivalent agency regulation or contract

clause. Use, duplication or disclosure of

Software is subject to Keysight

Technologies’ standard commercial license

terms, and non-DOD Departments and

Agencies of the U.S. Government will

receive no greater than Restricted Rights

as defined in FAR 52.227-19(c)(1-2) (June

1987). U.S. Government users will receive

no greater than Limited Rights as defined in

FAR 52.227-14 (June 1987) or DFAR

252.227-7015 (b)(2) (November 1995), as

applicable in any technical data.

Safety Notices

A CAUTION notice denotes a hazard. It calls

attention to an operating procedure,

practice, or the like that, if not correctly

performed or adhered to, could result in

damage to the product or loss of important

data. Do not proceed beyond a CAUTION

notice until the indicated conditions are

fully understood and met.

A WARNING notice denotes a hazard. It

calls attention to an operating procedure,

practice, or the like that, if not correctly

performed or adhered to, could result in

personal injury or death. Do not proceed

beyond a WARNING notice until the

indicated conditions are fully understood

and met.

Keysight N4960A Serial BERT 17 and 32 Gb/s User Guide

Safety Summary

The following general safety precautions must be observed during all phases of

operation of this instrument. Failure to comply with these precautions or with

specific warnings or operating instructions in the product manuals violates

safety standards of design, manufacture, and intended use of the instrument.

Keysight Technologies assumes no liability for the customer's failure to comply

with these requirements. Product manuals are provided with your instrument

on CD-ROM and/or in printed form. Printed manuals are an option for many

products. Manuals may also be available on the Web. Go to www.keysight.com

and type in your product number in the Search field at the top of the page.

General This product is a Safety Class 1 instrument (provided with a protective earth

terminal). The protective features of this product may be impaired if it is used in

a manner not specified in the operation instructions.

All Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) used in this product are Class 1 LEDs as per

IEC 60825-1.

Environment Conditions This instrument is intended for indoor use in an installation category II, pollution

degree 2 environment. It is designed to operate at a maximum relative humidity

of 15 to 85% and ataltitudes of up to2000 meters.

Refer to the specifications tables for the ac mains voltage requirements and

ambient operating temperature range.

Before Applying Power Verify that all safety precautions are taken. The power cable inlet of the

instrument serves as a device to disconnect from the mains in case of hazard.

The instrument must be positioned so that the operator can easily access the

power cable inlet. When the instrument is rack mounted the rack must be

provided with an easily accessible mains switch.

Ground the Instrument To minimize shock hazard, the instrument chassis and cover must be

connected to an electrical protective earth ground. The instrument must be

connected to the ac power mains through a grounded power cable, with the

ground wire firmly connected to an electrical ground (safety ground) at the

power outlet. Any interruption of the protective (grounding) conductor or

disconnection of the protective earth terminal will cause a potential shock

hazard that could result in personal injury.

Do Not Operate in an

Explosive Atmosphere

Do not operate the instrument in the presence of flammable gases or fumes.

Do Not Remove the

Instrument Cover

Operating personnel must not remove instrument covers. Component

replacement and internal adjustments must be made only by qualified

personnel.

Instruments that appear damaged or defective should be made inoperative and

secured against unintended operation until they can be repaired by qualified

service personnel.

4 Keysight N4960A Serial BERT 17 and 32 Gb/s User Guide

Safety Symbols

Table 1. Safety Symbol

Symbol Description

Indicates warning or caution. If you see this symbol on a product, you

must refer to the manuals for specific Warning or Caution

information to avoid personal injury or damage to the product.

Frame or chassis ground terminal. Typically connects to the

equipment’s metal frame.

Indicates hazardous voltages and potential for electrical shock.

Indicates that antistatic precautions should be taken.

Indicates hot surface. Please do not touch.

CSA is the Canadian certification mark to demonstrate compliance

with the Safety requirements.

CE compliance marking to the EU Safety and EMC Directives.

ISM GRP-1A classification according to the international EMC

standard. ICES/NMB-001 compliance marking to the Canadian EMC

standard.

The RCM mark indicates that this product meets EMS/Product Safety

Requirements and may be imported to Australia and New Zealand.

This mark indicates compliance with the Canadian EMC regulations.

ISM 1-A This text denotes the instrument is an Industrial Scientific and

Medical Group 1 Class A product.

China RoHS regulations include requirements related to packaging,

and require compliance to China standard GB18455-2001. This

symbol indicates compliance with the China RoHS regulations for

paper/fiberboard packaging.

Indicates the time period during which no hazardous or toxic

substance elements are expected to leak or deteriorate during

normal use. Forty years is the expected useful life of the product.

The South Korean Class A EMC declaration (KC) mark indicates that

this product is Class A suitable for professional use and is for use in

electromagnetic environments outside of the home.

The KC mark includes the marking’s identifier code that has up to 26

digits and follows this format: KCC-VWX-YYY-ZZZZZZZZZZZZZ.

Keysight N4960A Serial BERT 17 and 32 Gb/s User Guide

Compliance and Environmental Information

Table 2. Compliance and Environmental Information

Safety Symbol Description

This product complies with WEEE Directive (2002/96/EC) marking

requirements. The affixed label indicates that you must not discard

this electrical/electronic product in domestic household waste.

Product Category: With reference to the equipment types in WEEE

Directive Annex I, this product is classed as a “Monitoring and

Control instrumentation” product.

Do not dispose in domestic household waste.

To return unwanted products, contact your local Keysight office for

more information.

6 Keysight N4960A Serial BERT 17 and 32 Gb/s User Guide

Keysight N4960A Serial BERT 17 and 32 Gb/s User Guide 7

Contents

Setting Up the System..........................................................................11

1.1 Rack Mount Kit............................................................................ 11

1.2 Unpacking ................................................................................... 11

1.3 Important Notes.......................................................................... 12

1.4 Measurement Best Practices...................................................... 12

1.5 General Specifications ................................................................ 13

1.6 Safety and Regulatory ................................................................ 14

1.6.1 Declaration of Conformity .............................................. 15

1.7 Installation................................................................................... 15

Operation Overview ..............................................................................17

2.1 Introduction................................................................................. 17

2.2 Features ...................................................................................... 17

2.3 Control......................................................................................... 19

2.4 Introduction to Stress ................................................................. 19

2.4.1 Quantifying Jitter............................................................ 20

2.4.2 Types of Jitter / Stress................................................... 21

2.4.3 Stress for Jitter Tolerance Testing................................. 24

Operation..............................................................................................25

3.1 General Information.................................................................... 25

3.1.1 Performance Recommendations ................................... 25

3.1.2 Connector Care .............................................................. 26

3.2 Power on Settings....................................................................... 26

3.3 N4960A Serial BERT Controller Front Panel.............................. 27

3.4 N4960A Serial BERT Controller Rear Panel............................... 30

3.5 N4951A Front Panel ................................................................... 31

3.6 N4951A Rear Panel..................................................................... 32

3.7 N4951B-D17/-D32 Front Panel................................................. 33

3.8 N4951B-D17/-D32 Rear Panel .................................................. 34

3.9 N4951B-H17/-H32 Front Panel................................................. 34

3.10 N4951B-H17/-H32 Rear Panel.................................................. 35

8Keysight N4960A Serial BERT 17 and 32 Gb/s User Guide

3.11 N4952A Front Panel ................................................................... 36

3.12 N4952A Rear Panel..................................................................... 37

3.13 Block Diagram (32 Gb/s system)................................................ 38

3.14 Block Diagram (17 Gb/s system)................................................ 39

3.15 N4960A Serial BERT Controller.................................................. 40

3.15.1 Divided Clock Output ..................................................... 40

3.15.2 Delayed Clock Output .................................................... 41

3.15.3 Jittered Clock Output..................................................... 42

3.15.4 Sinusoidal, Random, and External High Band Paths .... 42

3.15.5 Low Frequency Band Periodic or External Jitter Path .. 44

3.15.6 Spread Spectrum Clock Modulation (N4960A-CJ1 only)45

3.15.7 External Clock Input ....................................................... 45

3.15.8 Delayed Clock Input ....................................................... 46

3.15.9 N4960A Serial BERT Controller Output Stages ............ 47

3.16 Pattern Generator ....................................................................... 48

3.16.1 Library of Patterns.......................................................... 48

3.16.2 Programmable Patterns ................................................. 48

3.16.3 Error Injection ................................................................. 49

3.16.4 Pattern Generator Output Stage ................................... 50

3.16.5 Dual Pattern Generator Operation................................. 50

3.16.6 N4951B-D17/-D32 Pattern Generator with 5-tap De-

emphasis......................................................................... 51

3.17 Error Detector ............................................................................. 52

3.17.1 Error Detector Input Stage............................................. 53

3.17.2 Pattern Selection............................................................ 53

3.17.3 Synchronization.............................................................. 54

3.17.4 Auto Pattern ................................................................... 54

3.17.5 Alignment ....................................................................... 55

3.18 Half Rate Clock Architecture...................................................... 56

3.18.1 Jitter Relationship Between Clock Output and Pattern

Generator Output ........................................................... 57

3.18.2 Delay Relationship Between Remote Head and Delay

Clock Output................................................................... 57

3.19 Bit Error Rate Tests..................................................................... 58

3.19.1 Setting up a Basic BER Test .......................................... 58

3.19.2 Accumulated and Instantaneous BER ........................... 59

3.20 Control Panel Operation ............................................................. 60

3.20.1 Menu Navigation ............................................................ 60

Keysight N4960A Serial BERT 17 and 32 Gb/s User Guide 9

3.20.2 Changing Parameters..................................................... 62

3.20.3 Menu Structure .............................................................. 64

3.20.4 Menu Label Descriptions ............................................... 69

3.21 Working with Setting Dependencies.......................................... 83

3.22 Verifying Operation ..................................................................... 85

3.22.1 Initial Hardware Setup – Controller and Pattern

Generator........................................................................ 85

3.22.2 Initial Settings................................................................. 86

3.22.3 Enabling Sinusoidal Jitter .............................................. 87

3.22.4 Enabling Random Jitter (N4960A-CJ1 controller only) 88

3.22.5 Enabling Spread Spectrum Clock (N4960A-CJ1

controller only) ............................................................... 89

3.22.6 Bit Error Rate Test.......................................................... 90

3.23 Setting Frequency and Output Amplitude ................................. 92

3.24 Setting Random Jitter Injection (N4960A-CJ1 controller only) 93

3.25 Setting Sinusoidal Jitter Injection .............................................. 93

3.26 Setting External Jitter High Frequency Injection....................... 94

3.27 Setting Delay Clock Output........................................................ 94

3.28 Setting Divided Clock Output..................................................... 95

3.29 Event/Error Log........................................................................... 96

Applications ..........................................................................................97

4.1 Introduction................................................................................. 97

4.2 Testing Transceivers Used in Fibre Channel Networks ............. 98

Performance Specifications ................................................................101

5.1 N4960A Clock Source/BERT Controller Non-stressed

Specifications............................................................................ 101

5.2 N4960A Clock Source/BERT Controller Jitter Specifications . 103

5.2.1 Maximum N4960A Clock Modulation Range without PG

Connected .................................................................... 106

5.2.2 Maximum N4960A Clock Modulation Range with PG

Connected .................................................................... 107

5.3 N4951A/N4951B7Pattern Generator Specifications............... 108

5.4 N4952A-E17/N4952A-E32 Error Detector Specifications ...... 111

10 Keysight N4960A Serial BERT 17 and 32 Gb/s User Guide

Remote Operation...............................................................................113

6.1 GPIB Interface ........................................................................... 113

6.2 USB Interface ............................................................................ 114

6.2.1 USB Driver .................................................................... 115

6.2.2 USB Programming Note .............................................. 115

6.3 Remote Command Syntax........................................................ 116

6.3.1 Command Structure..................................................... 116

6.4 IEEE Common Commands........................................................ 117

6.5 SCPI Mandated Commands ..................................................... 118

6.6 SCPI Protocol Description ........................................................ 118

6.6.1 SCPI Example ............................................................... 118

6.7 SCPI Numeric Parameters and Optional Units ........................ 119

6.8 Pattern Generator Channelization............................................ 119

6.9 Command Conventions ............................................................ 121

6.10 SCPI Standard Negative Event/Error Codes............................ 121

6.10.1 "Settings Conflict" Used for Settings Dependencies .. 122

6.11 N4960A Serial BERT Controller Device Commands................ 123

6.12 Pattern Generator Device Commands ..................................... 166

6.13 Error Detector Device Commands ........................................... 184

6.14 Command Summary................................................................. 208

6.14.1 N4960A Serial BERT Controller Command Summary 208

6.14.2 Pattern Generator Command Summary...................... 212

6.14.3 Error Detector Command Summary............................ 214

6.15 Programming Example ............................................................. 217

6.16 Programming Tips..................................................................... 227

6.16.1 Example Using *OPC? .................................................. 228

6.16.2 Example Using *WAI..................................................... 228

6.16.3 Communication Timeouts ............................................ 229

Returning the N4960A to Keysight .....................................................233

Appendix A Preset State .....................................................................235

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