LeCroy Digital Oscilloscopes Manuale utente

Hands-On Guide

to LeCroy

Color

Digital Oscilloscopes

Revision C — April 1998

LeCroy Corporation

700 Chestnut Ridge Road

Chestnut Ridge, NY 10977–6499

Tel: (914) 578 6020, Fax: (914) 578 5985

LeCroy SA

2, rue du Pré-de-la-Fontaine

1217 Meyrin 1/Geneva, Switzerland

Tel: (41) 22 719 21 11, Fax: (41) 22 782 39 15

Internet: www.lecroy.com

earlier versions. Specifications subject to change.

LeCroy, ProBus and SMART Trigger are registered trademarks of LeCroy Corporation. Centronics

is a registered trademark of Data Computer Corp. Epson is a registered trademark of Epson

America Inc. I2C is a trademark of Philips. MathCad isa registered trademark of MATHSOFT Inc.

MATLAB is a registered trademark of The MathWorks, Inc. Microsoft, MS and Microsoft Access are

registered trademarks, and Windows and NT trademarks, of Microsoft Corporation. PowerPC is a

registered trademark of IBM Microelectronics. DeskJet, ThinkJet, QuietJet, LaserJet, PaintJet, HP

7470 and HP 7550 are registered trademarks of Hewlett-Packard Company..

Manufactured under

an ISO 9000

Registered

Quality Management

System

Visit www.lecroy.com

to view the certificate.

This electronic product is

subject to disposal and

recycling regulations that

vary by country and

region. Many countries

prohibit the disposal of

waste electronic

equipment in standard

waste receptacles.

For more information

about proper disposal

and recycling of your

LeCroy product, please

visit

www.lecroy.com/recycle.

LCXXX-HG-E Rev C 0498

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A broad overview of the Digital Storage Oscilloscope, zooming

on LeCroy Color DSOs.

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Basic Elements...................................................................1–2

Bandwidth............................................................................1–3

Sample Rate.......................................................................1–4

Memory Length...................................................................1–4

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Acquisition Technique ........................................................1–5

Analog–Digital Conversion.................................................1–6

Number of Channels ..........................................................1–6

Triggering............................................................................1–6

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Pulse Parameters...............................................................1–8

Waveform Math..................................................................1–8

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Time Domain ......................................................................1–9

Frequency Domain.............................................................1–9

Statistical Domain...............................................................1–9

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Removable Hard Disk Drive (HDD).................................1–10

Interfaces...........................................................................1–11

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An illustrated tour of the scope, then ‘hands-on’ for a run

through its basic functions

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,QLWLDOL]DWLRQ.................................................................................2–4

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TRACE ON/OFF.................................................................2–8

TIMEBASE Controls...........................................................2–9

Vertical Controls................................................................2–10

TRIGGER Controls...........................................................2–11

ZOOM................................................................................2–12

CURSORS/MEASURE....................................................2–14

Waveform Parameters.....................................................2–16

Summed Averaging..........................................................2–17

Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)..........................................2–20

Waveform Storage ...........................................................2–21

Save and Recall Setup.....................................................2–23

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Performing the most common measurements using the

scope, in a series of easy-to-follow, step-by-step tutorials.

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The basic steps for setting up practically any measurement.

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How to set up the scope for digitizing on all eight bits.

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Parameter measurement and statistical values made easy.

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Ensure accurate measurements.

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Reduce non-systematic noise and improve the signal-to-noise ratio.

'9LHZLQJZLWK$QDORJ3HUVLVWHQFH ...........................3–31

Explore the new dimensions Analog Persistence reveals.

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Color Association makes signal viewing clearer and easier.

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For a choice of single-shot waveform segments without deadtime.

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Perform signal power distribution as a function of frequency.

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Use the WPO3 option to display and calculate signal jitter.

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Process acquisitions of a few sample points.

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Telecom-measure pulse-shaped signals to industry standards.

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The portable PC Card hard disk drive (HDD) simplifies storage.

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Handle longer FFTs and multiple long-waveform zoom, math and

storage.

60$57*OLWFK&DSWXULQJ ....................................................3–127

Find and capture glitches with the SMART Trigger.

&DSWXULQJ5DUH3KHQRPHQD..............................................3–135

Use the SMART Trigger to increase knowledge of rare waveforms.

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Ideal for detecting interruptions in data streams.

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By GPIB, floppy or RS232 communication port.

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Copy screen TIFFs and BMPs to computer.

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The title itself is explicit: this is a practical guide that

shows you what the scope can do

as you operate it

The guide offers a helping hand to both the

beginner and the experienced operator of digital

storage oscilloscopes (DSOs). It can be opened at

almost any page and used to enable you to get the

most out of the instrument.

$OO$ERXWWKH'62 ³an overview of the principles of DSO operation, including data

sampling, triggering, recording, how sampling rate affects usable

bandwidth and how long memory improves sampling rate.

*HWWLQJ6WDUWHG ³shows you around the scope and step-by-step how to capture

waveforms and perform basic measurements.

0HDVXULQJ6NLOOV ³a set of tutorials describing — again, step-by-step — how to

make the most useful measurements using the scope's advanced

functions.

“HANDS ON” FOR THE COMPLETE PICTURE IN SIGNAL CAPTURE,

VIEW AND ANALYSIS.

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Why and how is the Digital Storage Oscilloscope

(DSO) so useful? What are the many ways in

which it can be put to work for you?

Part 1 maps the digital landscape and

shows you where to find and mine its

riches. Basic concepts are explained and

the main digital concepts and techniques

outlined. The advantages of your LeCroy

scope are also covered.

Having completed Part 1, you’ll then be

ready to zoom in on your scope in Part 2.

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The digital oscilloscope is the essential instrument

used to capture, view and analyze waveforms,

measure signal characteristics and document the

output.

There are three main DS0 categories.

Top-end models with a bandwidth of around

400 MHz or more are the most suitable for R&D-type

work. The 100–200 MHz models are good for

professional and general purposes. And the

sub-100 MHz, low-cost scopes, are useful for work

on low-frequency signals.

%DVLF(OHPHQWV The way in which each element of the DSO works separately

and in conjunction with the other elements:

ØAmplifier —amplifies the input signal so that it can be

measured

ØAnalog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) — converts the

analog signal into digital form by translating it into a

series of sample points that are then measured and

transformed into digital codes representing the signal

samples

ØAcquisition Memory System — stores resulting digital

data

ÛSystem Memory of up to 64 MB

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ØProcessor — controls the entire system and performs

special monitoring and measurement functions

ØDisplay System — translates stored data into a graphic

display of the signal.

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The character of your signals will determine the primary

specifications of the DSO you will want to use. While your DSO’s

secondary specifications will be determined by the demands of your

applications. In assessing the overall signal representation quality of

a digital oscilloscope, particular consideration needs to be given to

the cardinal parameters of bandwidth, sample rate, and

acquisition memory length.

%DQGZLGWK The bandwidth specification of a DSO indicates the ability of its front-

end amplifier to faithfully track an incoming signal. The DSO’s

bandwidth is defined as the frequency at which a sinusoidal input

signal has been attenuated to about 70 % of its real amplitude. This

point, at which the vertical amplitude error is about 30 %, is called the

–3 dB point. It is generally advisable to use an instrument whose

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